挡钩冲压模具设计.rar

挡钩冲压模具设计


摘  要

现代工业的飞速发展，冷冲压工艺应用范围十分广泛，具有效率高、精度高、质量稳定、材料利用率高、操作简易、适合批量生产及实现制造自动化；在国民经济的各个部门中，几乎都由冲压加工产品。本设计主要对挂钩制件的冲压工艺分析、数据的计算及根据制件选取冲压的方法并进行对凸、凹模其他辅助零件的设计，但注重于设计的方法与需要注意的事项。20年代开始，金属制品、玩具和小五金等行业就使用冲床、压机等简易机械设备及相应的模具加工产品的毛坯或某些零部件，其中有用于落料、冲孔的“刀口模子”，用于金属拉伸的“坞工模子”。 70年代以后，使用斜度线切割机加工冷冲模具，其凸模（冲头）和凹模可先淬火处理再切割装配，取代了原来冷冲模具制作：热处理－装配－变形修正的繁琐工艺。模具的光洁度也相应提高一个等级，精度可达到0.01毫米。后来各专业模具厂、模具车间小组已广泛使用线切割机加工制作冷冲模具。
模具是一种专用工具。用于装在各种压力机上。通过压力把金属或非金属材料制造成为所需要的零件的形状制品。这种专用工具统称模具。模具生产水平的高低，已成为衡量一个国家制造水平高低的重要标志，也是在很大程度上决定着产品的质量效益和新产品的开发能力。因此，振兴和发展我国的模具工业日益受到人们的重视和关注。
冲压加工作为一个行业，在国民经济的加工工业中占有重要的地位。根据统计，冲压件在各个行业中均占很大比重，尤其在汽车、电机、仪表、军工、家用电器等方面所占比重更大。冲压加工的应用范围极广，从精密的电子元件、仪表指针到重型汽车的覆盖件和大梁、高压容器风头以及航空航天器的蒙皮、机身军需冲压加工。
冲压件在形状和尺寸精度方面的互换性较好，在一般情况下，可以直接满足装配和使用要求。此外，在冲压加工过程中由于材料经过塑料变形，金属内部组织得到改善，机械强度有所提高，所以，冲压件具有质量轻、刚度好、精度高和外表光滑、美观等特点。
冲压加工是一种高生产率的加工方法，如汽车车身等大型零件每分钟可生产几件，而小零件的高速冲压则每分钟可生产千件以上。由于冲压加工的毛坯是板材或卷材，一般又在冷状态下加工，因此较容易实现机械化和自动化，比较适宜配置机器人而实现无人化生产。

关键词：冷冲压 单工序模 排样 挡钩

Abstract

The rapid development of modern industry, cold stamping process of a wide range, with high efficiency and high precision, quality and utilization of materials, simple, suitable for mass production and implementation of manufacturing automation in the various sectors of the national economy, almost all Stamping from processed products. The design of the main parts linked to the stamping process analysis, data and the calculation based on selected parts of the stamping method and the convex and concave die other supporting parts design, but to focus on the design methods and needs attention. 20 era, the fabricated metal products, toys and hardware industries on the use of press, press, and other simple mechanical equipment and the      corresponding mold processed products, or some rough parts, which are used for blanking, punching the "knife-edge mold" For metal stretching the "dock workers mold." After the 1970s, using a gradient Die Cutting Machine processing, the punch (punch) and could die before quenching further cutting assembly to replace the original production of Die: heat treatment - assembly - deformation of the cumbersome amendment process . Die finish also a corresponding increase in levels up to 0.01 mm precision. Later, the professional mold factory, workshop die group has been widely used with Die Cutting Machine manufacture.
    Mold is a dedicated tool. Used for the various presses on. Through pressure on the metal or non-metallic materials as required by the shape of manufactured parts. This special tool referred to die. Die high and low levels of production, has become a measure of a country created an important indicator of the level of, but also to a large extent determine the quality and effectiveness of new product development capability. Therefore, the revitalization and development of China's mould industry has increasingly come under people's attention and concern.
Through pressure on the metal or non-metallic materials as required by the shape of manufactured parts. This special tool referred to die. Die high and low levels of production, has become a measure of a country created an important indicator of the level of, but also to a large extent determine the quality and effectiveness of new product development capability. Therefore, the revitalization and development of China's mould industry has increasingly come under people's attention and concern.
    Stamping as a processing industry in the national economy in the processing industry occupies an important position. According to statistics, stamping parts in various industries account for large proportion, particularly in the automotive, electrical, instrumentation, military industry, household electrical appliances, and other aspects of a greater proportion. Stamping processing of a broad range of applications, from sophisticated electronic components, instruments to guide the cover of heavy vehicles and beams, pressure vessel and the thunder of an aerospace craft, the skin, the body Quartermaster punching processing.
    Stamping parts in the shape and size of the interchangeability better precision, in normal circumstances, can meet the requirements of assembly and use. In addition, the stamping process because of a plastic material deformation, to improve the internal organization of metal,       mechanical strength has increased, so has the quality of light stamping parts, good stiffness, high precision and looks smooth, handsome features.
   Stamping processing is a high productivity of the processing methods, such as auto body and other large parts per minute can produce a few, and small parts of the high-speed stamping capacity of 1,000 per minute and above. Because of rough machining is stamping sheet or membrane, and in the general state of cold processing, it would be more easily achieved mechanization and automation, more appropriate allocation of the unmanned robot and the realization of production.

Key words: cold-stamping      single   process   mould

  目   录
1  绪论…………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1冲压加工的重要性及优点 …………………………………………………………1
1.1.1重要性 ……………………………………………………………………………1
1.1.2优点………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1.3 缺点 ……………………………………………………………………………2
1.2压加工的概念…………………………………………………………………………2
1.3 金属弹性变形与塑性变形…………………………………………………………4
2  落料凹模的加工……………………………………………………………………6
2.1工艺分析   ……………………………………………………………………………6
2.1.1冲裁件结构工艺性……………………………………………………………7
2.1.2冲裁件的精度和断面粗糙度…………………………………………………7
2.2工艺方案确定    ……………………………………………………………………8
 2.2.1单工序模的特点………………………………………………………………8
2.2.2复合模的特点…………………………………………………………………9
2.3级进模的设计点 ……………………………………………………………………10
2.3.1定位方式  ……………………………………………………………………10
2.3.2冷冲模类型和特点 ……………………………………………………………10
2.4三类模具的优缺点较  ……………………………………………………………11
2.4.1级进模特点 ……………………………………………………………………11
2.5模具结构形式的定…………………………………………………………………12
2.5.1冲孔落料复合模结构及特点 …………………………………………………12
2.6画排图…………………………………………………………………………………13
2.6.1搭边  ………………………………………………………………………….16
2.6.2步距   …………………………………………………………………………18
2.6.3条料宽度 ………………………………………………………………………18
2.7计算材料利用η    ………………………………………………………………21
2.8计算冲力………………………………………………………………………………21
2.9初选压力  ……………………………………………………………………………22
2.10计算压心 ……………………………………………………………………………23
2.11计算凸凹模刃口尺寸 ……………………………………………………………24
2.11.1间隙的重要性  ………………………………………………………………25
2.11.2间隙测量  ……………………………………………………………………26
2.11.3冲模的安装与调试……………………………………………………………26
2.11.4标准零部件的预制与储备 ……………………………………………………27    2.12各孔口尺寸的确定  ……………………………………………………………31
2.13模具结构设计 …………………………………………………………………………31
2.14工序排样原则  ………………………………………………………………………35
2.15校核压力机安装尺寸 ………………………………………………………………35
3设计小结 …………………………………………………………………………………36
4致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………37
5参考文献   ……………………………………………………………………………….38
6附录…………………………………………………………………………………………39