发泡用酚醛树脂合成研究.doc

发泡用酚醛树脂合成研究



摘要:

     本文对可发性酚醛树脂合成条件及影响酚醛泡沫性能的因素进行了研究与探讨。通过对可发性酚醛树脂合成的研究，摸索出用于发泡酚醛树脂的最佳条件和工艺，这是本实验拟以解决的关键问题。

    在对可发性酚醛树脂合成的研究中，讨论了反应温度、反应时间、甲醛和苯酚摩尔比对树脂理化指标的影响以及研究了酚醛树脂制备工艺中条件对酚醛树脂中游离甲醛含量的影响。

分析了树脂粘度对泡沫体性能的影响，给出了可操作性和泡沫体综合性能较好的酚醛树脂指标，实验发现:发泡的酚醛树脂的粘度需控制在涂—4杯：100—150秒。

 在确定树脂粘度前提下，考察了发泡温度、发泡剂、固化剂等对泡沫体性能的影响。结果表明:温度的升高有利于发泡，温度过高时，泡沫发生穿孔的现象。固化剂用量增大，泡沫起泡时间和固化时间均缩短，其用量在10--15%时，泡沫体质量较好。发泡剂用量增大到一定的程度后，实验结果显示，泡沫表观密度变化不大。随着尿素加入的量不断增加，树脂中游离甲醛含量不断减少。

关键词：可发性酚醛树脂  粘度  酚醛泡沫  游离甲醛




 


THE STUDY ON SYNTHESIS OF FOAMING PHENOLIC

RESIN AND PROPERTIES OF PHENOLIC FOAM

          

 ABSTRACT 

    Synthetic conditions of foaming phenolic resin and factors erecting on properties of phenolic foam were studied in this work. Optimum conditions that were the key problems to be resolved were found by researching phenolic resin used in foam.

The parameters that affected indexes of foamable resin including reaction time, reaction temperature, the mole ratio of phenol and formaldehyde were studied. The influence on the preparation technology of phenilic resin has been investigated through studying the contents of free formaldehyde in phenolic resin.

The effects of viscosity on properties of foam were investigated, indexes of resin of operation available and getting good properties of foam were given: viscosity and solid content of resin should be controlled at 100 to 150s.

When viscosity of resin was determined, the effects of foaming temperature, blowing agent and acid catalyst on properties of foam were discussed, such conclusions were draw: higher foaming temperature was beneficial to getting good foam, but too higher foaming temperature led to perforation. The more acid catalyst content, rise time and tack free time of foam were shorter, but it should be controlled at 10--15%,in order to get good quality of phenolic foam. The more blowing agent content; the change of apparent density of foam was smaller. With the raised of carbamide, the contents of free formaldehyde in phenolic resin decreases constantly.




KEY WORDS: foaming phenolic resin   viscosity   phenolic foam  free formaldehyde


 


 


目录




摘要………………………………………………………………………………………1

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………2

第一章  前言………………………………………………………………………… 5

1.1酚醛泡沫的概况………………………………………………………………………6

1.1.1酚醛泡沫的特性…………………………………………………………………6

1.1.2酚醛泡沫应用领域…………………………………………………………………7

1.2酚醛泡沫国内外进展…………………………………………………………………8

1.2.1国外研究与市场应用………………………………………………………………8

1.2.1.1国外研究发展……………………………………………………………………8

1.2.1.2产品应用……………………………………………………………………9

1.2.1.3发展趋势……………………………………………………………………11

1.2.2国内的研究发展与市场现状……………………………………………………12

1.2.2.1国内研究进展……………………………………………………………………12

1.2.2.2市场应用现状……………………………………………………………………14

1.2.2.3应用前景……………………………………………………………………14

1.3可发性酚醛合成 ……………………………………………………………………14

1.3.1可发性酚醛树脂合成工艺图……………………………………………………15

1.3.2可发性酚醛树脂合成机理…………………………………………………………15

1.3.3影响可发性酚醛树脂反应的因素………………………………………………15

1.3.3.1原料化学结构的影响………………………………………………………16

1.3.3.2催化剂的影响……………………………………………………………………16

1.3.3.3应温度的影响……………………………………………………………………16

1.3.2.4树脂储存………………………………………………………………………16

1.4酚醛泡沫的制备………………………………………………………………………17

1.4.1泡沫塑料的构造及分类…………………………………………………………17

1.4.2发泡原理…………………………………………………………17

1.4.3酚醛泡沫体原材料的选择……..