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laboratory-scale biodegradation study of chiral ph,本文是一片手性药物的生物降解相关论文全文72页语种： 英文摘要：chiral chemicals have isomers that share the same molecular formula but have differentspatial arrangements making the isomers mi...
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本文是一片手性药物的生物降解相关论文
全文72页
语种： 英文
摘要：
Chiral chemicals have isomers that share the same molecular formula but have different
spatial arrangements making the isomers mirror images of each other. These isomers,
called (R)- and (S)- enantiomers, have identical physical and chemical properties.
However, enantiomers behave differently in biological processes such as biodegradation
where one enantiomer may be preferentially degraded compared to the other. By
observing changes to the enantiomeric fraction (EF), it may be possible to use chiral
pharmaceuticals as an environmental indicator to distinguish between biologically
treated and untreated wastewater contamination in surface waters. In this thesis, a
laboratory-scale biodegradation experiment of three chiral pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen,
naproxen and ketoprofen) was undertaken to investigate the changes in EF.
The experiment was carried out using 300 ml biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)
bottles filled with aerated water and 10 ml of synthetic mixed liquor suspended solids
(MLSS). The samples were spiked with racemic ibuprofen, (S)-naproxen and racemic
ketoprofen. Two control experiments were also carried out. All samples were incubated
at a temperature of 25±0.5°C. Samples were extracted and analysed using an analytical
method capable of distinguishing between the (R)- and (S)- isomers of each
pharmaceutical. Using this method, samples were extracted using solid phase extraction
and derivatised prior to analysis by tandem gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
(GC/MSMS).
All three pharmaceuticals were biodegraded and a decrease in the concentrations was
observed. (S)-ibuprofen degraded the most followed by (S)-naproxen and (S)-
ketoprofen. Ibuprofen and ketoprofen showed a decrease in their EF values where the
(S)-enantiomer was preferentially degraded over the (R)-enantiomer. Ibuprofen also
showed the most significant decrease in enantiomeric fraction. This indicates that there
is high enantioselective preference in the biodegradation of ibuprofen which suggests
that ibuprofen may be most suitable as an environmental indicator of biodegradative
processes.
手性药物（chiral drug），是指药物分子结构中引入手性中心后，得到的一对互为实物与镜像的对映异构体。这些对映异构体的理化性质基本相似，仅仅是旋光性有所差别，分别被命名为R-型（右旋）或S-型（左旋）、外消旋。本文章是根据实验室规格对手性药物的生物降解进行分析与剖析， 融合了前人专业的相关知识 后人对其的进一步研究与讨论 是一个比较精华的环境工程论文。
全文72页
语种： 英文
摘要：
Chiral chemicals have isomers that share the same molecular formula but have different
spatial arrangements making the isomers mirror images of each other. These isomers,
called (R)- and (S)- enantiomers, have identical physical and chemical properties.
However, enantiomers behave differently in biological processes such as biodegradation
where one enantiomer may be preferentially degraded compared to the other. By
observing changes to the enantiomeric fraction (EF), it may be possible to use chiral
pharmaceuticals as an environmental indicator to distinguish between biologically
treated and untreated wastewater contamination in surface waters. In this thesis, a
laboratory-scale biodegradation experiment of three chiral pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen,
naproxen and ketoprofen) was undertaken to investigate the changes in EF.
The experiment was carried out using 300 ml biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)
bottles filled with aerated water and 10 ml of synthetic mixed liquor suspended solids
(MLSS). The samples were spiked with racemic ibuprofen, (S)-naproxen and racemic
ketoprofen. Two control experiments were also carried out. All samples were incubated
at a temperature of 25±0.5°C. Samples were extracted and analysed using an analytical
method capable of distinguishing between the (R)- and (S)- isomers of each
pharmaceutical. Using this method, samples were extracted using solid phase extraction
and derivatised prior to analysis by tandem gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
(GC/MSMS).
All three pharmaceuticals were biodegraded and a decrease in the concentrations was
observed. (S)-ibuprofen degraded the most followed by (S)-naproxen and (S)-
ketoprofen. Ibuprofen and ketoprofen showed a decrease in their EF values where the
(S)-enantiomer was preferentially degraded over the (R)-enantiomer. Ibuprofen also
showed the most significant decrease in enantiomeric fraction. This indicates that there
is high enantioselective preference in the biodegradation of ibuprofen which suggests
that ibuprofen may be most suitable as an environmental indicator of biodegradative
processes.
手性药物（chiral drug），是指药物分子结构中引入手性中心后，得到的一对互为实物与镜像的对映异构体。这些对映异构体的理化性质基本相似，仅仅是旋光性有所差别，分别被命名为R-型（右旋）或S-型（左旋）、外消旋。本文章是根据实验室规格对手性药物的生物降解进行分析与剖析， 融合了前人专业的相关知识 后人对其的进一步研究与讨论 是一个比较精华的环境工程论文。
