单片机的供暖锅炉系统设计.doc

单片机的供暖锅炉系统设计


摘要

本系统是基于单片机的水暖锅炉控制，在设计中主要有水位检测、温度检测、压力检测、按键控制、水温控制、水位控制、循环控制、压力控制、显示部分、故障报警等几部分组成来实现供暖控制。主要用水位传感器检测水位，用数字温度传感器DS18B20来检测水温，用五个控制按键来实现按健控制，用三位LED显示器来完成显示部分，用变频器来控制循环泵的转速，用压力传感器检测锅炉内部压力。并且通过模数转换把这些信号送入单片机中。把这些信号与单片机中内部设定的值相比，以判断单片机是否需要进行相应的操作，即是否需要打开鼓风机，是否需要开启补水泵，是否需要加快循环泵的转速等操作，从而实现单片机自动控制的目的。本设计用单片机控制易于实现锅炉供暖、而且有造价低、程序易于调试、一部分出现故障不会影响其他部分的工作、维修方便、等优点。

 关键词： 单片机（AT89C51），传感器，水位,温度，循环,自动控制 
Based SCM design of heating boiler controlled syetem
Abstract:The systemic design bases controller of CMS water heating of a boiler , it mostly makes up of measuring water level ,measuring a water temperature ,controlling a keys-press ,controlling a water temperature ,controlling water level ,controlling circulate ,controlling pressure ,showing a part ,giving an alarm order to realize heating controller ,the design adopts Single-Chip Microcomputer to control boiler heating .It mostly uses a temperature sensor DS18B20 to measure water temperature ,uses water level sensor to measure water level , uses a transducer to control cycle pump’s rotate speed ,uses five keys-press to control key-press ,uses three light-emitting diodes display to finish a display parts ,uses a transducer to control rotate speed of cycle pump ,uses a press transducer to measure press in the boiler .It sends those signals to SCM through modulus ,and hold those signals to compare with enactment in the SCM to judge whether SCM need to carry through relevant operation namely ,whether it needs to open a fan ,whether it needs to turn on a water pump ,whether it needs to quicken rotate speed of a cycle pump and so on .Consequently ,it finishes an aim of SCM auto-controller .The design makes use of the SCM to control boiler which is easy to realize boiler heating ,it is cheap to manufacture ,it is easy to debug its procedure .When a part is in trouble ,it does not infect others and it is convenience to mend ,it is widely to use many of areas.

Keywords: Single-Chip Microcomputer, transducer ,water level ,water temperature , Auto-control
目录

1、 绪论 5
2、系统总体方案 5
2.1、系统框图 5
2.2、系统具体实现方案 5
3、系统硬件设计 6
3.1、单片机的配置 6
3.2、温度传感器 6
3.3、显示部分 8
3.4、变频器 8
3.5、水位传感器 8
3.6、A/D转换器 9
4、系统的具体设计与实现 9
4.1、系统的总体原理图 9
4.2、单片机控制系统的流程图 9
4.3、电源电路 10
4.4、温度控制系统 11
4.5、循环泵控制部分 12
4.6、水位控制系统 12
4.7、压力控制系统 13
4.8、键盘部分 13
4.9、驱动部分电路 13
4.10、显示部分电路 14
4.11、自动报警电路 14
4.12、单片机标志及按键功能 15
5、 结束语 15
参考文献 15
附页 16