船用雷达定位方法实践与定位精度评价.doc

台湾海峡及附近海难事故的分析

[摘要]：台湾海峡是船舶最重要的导航仪器之一，无论航行、抛锚、靠泊等都要用到雷达，要使雷达定位准确，必须正确的识别和辨认物标回波，选择合适的定位物标，采用最佳的定位方法及正确的海图作业，充分了解雷达各定位方法的误差。本文论述了船用雷达的定位方法种类，通过实测数据分析各种雷达定位方法的精度误差及其影响因素，以及如何提高雷达定位精度。通过对雷达定位精度的评估，充分认识雷达，了解雷达定位误差的种类，消除或避免部分误差，对船舶在海上、内河及狭水道的安全航行起着很大的作用。使驾驶人员做到心中有数，减少并在一定程度上避免海难的发生。

[关键词]：船舶  雷达定位  定位误差  精度

Shipping radar positioning method and practice of positioning accuracy assessment

[Abstract]: Radar is the most important of the ship's navigation equipment. regardless of proceeding, anchoring and berthing, and so on, deck officer has to use radar to make accurate positioning. To make accurate positioning,we must correctly konw and identify object echo. And choose a suitable positioning object. Use the best method of positioning .And correctly operate charts.Additionally,fully acknowledge the kinds of positioning errors. This article discusses the positioning kinds of the ship radar, through a variety of radar measuring data,analyse accuracies of kinds of radar positioning and error factors, as well as how to improve the accuracy of radar positioning.Through the assessment of the radar positioning accuracy, fully aware of the radar, the kinds of errors, to eliminate or avoid some of the errors. These are very important for shipping at sea, river and the narrow channel. So it can make deck officers having a pretty good idea to reduce and avoid the marine disaster occurred to some extent.

 [Key words]: ship  radar positioning  positioning error  accuracy

目录

引言……………………………………………………………………………………1
第一章 雷达定位……………………………………………………………………..2
  1.1回波识别和目标辨认…………………………………………………………..2
  1.2雷达的使用性能及测距、测方位原理………………………………………..2
     1.2.1雷达的使用性能………………………………………………………….2
     1.2.2雷达测距、测方位原理………………………………………………….3
  1.3雷达定位方法种类……………………………………………………..............4
第二章 雷达定位精度分析…………………………………………………………..6
  2.1雷达各种定位方法实例分析…………………………………………………..6
     2.1.1雷达定位与GPS定位的比较………………………………………........6
     2.1.2单物标定位方法、双物标定位方法和三物标定位方法比较…………..6
     2.1.3利用方位、距离时的注意事项…………………………………………14
  2.2雷达定位误差的种类及其性质特点…………………………………………15
2.3雷达各种定位方法的影响因素………………………………………………16
第三章 提高雷达定位精度的方法………………………………………………....19
  3.1雷达测量精度………………………………………………………………....19
     3.1.1雷达测距精度…………………………………………………………...19
     3.1.2雷达测方位精度………………………………………………………...19
  3.2提高雷达定位精度的方法…………………………………………………....20
结论…………………………………………………………………………………..23
致谢辞………………………………………………………………………………..24
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………..25