狭水道安全航行方法探讨.doc

船舶在狭水道安全航行方法探讨

[摘要] 狭水道是指水深和水道宽度受到限制，而给通过该水域的船舶操纵带来影响的水域，如港区、江河、运河、锚地、岛礁区、狭窄海峡和其他限制航道等。狭水道内航道狭窄而且弯曲，水流和水深变化较大，航海危险物较多，来往船只密集，航行比较困难，许多海事是由于在狭水道中的航行和操纵措施不当而引起的，因此，狭水道航行要求驾驶员必须了解狭水道的航行特点，掌握狭水道内各种导航、转向、避险和过浅滩方法 ，以及各种注意事项和应急措施，正确合理的运用避碰规则中狭水道航行条款。在此，结合COSCO ANTWERP在哥伦比亚河和长江口水道中的航行事例，针对船舶在狭水道航行的具体情况，提出在操船过程中的一些方法和注意事项，从而确保船舶在狭水道中的航行安全。
 
[关键词] 船舶  狭水道  航行方法  操纵方法 

Navigate in the narrow channel

[Abstract] Narrow channel means that the depth and width of the water are restricted, and takes some trouble to the vessel which navigate in this water. Such as harbor area, river, canal, anchorage, island-reef area, narrow straits and other restriction channel etc. The narrow channel inside the waterway is narrow and bendt, water current and water depth change frequently and greatly, there so many navigation dangerous objects and so many ships sailing in the area. Many maritime accidents are caused by unappropriately manoeuvring when  navigate in the narrow channel. Therefore, navigating in the narrow channel request the officer to understand the navigation characters of narrow channel and can use various measures to pilot,alter course,avoid dangerous objects,and pass the shallow. Besides, the officer should understand the notice and all of the emergency procedures, and use the rules of avoiding collision properly and correctly in narrow channels. Hereon, combine the facts of MV COSCO ANTWERP navigating in Columbia river and the intrance of Changjiang river to expatiate some manoeuvring methods and
emergency procedures about the vessel sailing in the narrow channel.So,we can make sure the safety of ship navigating in the narrow channel.

[Key words] vessel  narrow channel  navigating  manoeuvringmethod

 
目录

引 言 .............................................................1
第1章  狭水道特点 ................................................2
1．1 航道 水深 ................................................2
1．2 潮流湍急 流向多变 ........................................2
1．3 航区复杂 障碍物多 ........................................2
1．4 通航船舶 .................................................3
1．5 船舶定线制 ...............................................4
第2章  狭水道中操船方法 ..........................................5
2．1 过浅滩方法 ...............................................5
2．2 导航方法 .................................................7
2．3 转向方法 ................................................11
2．4 避险方法 ................................................12
2．5 避让要领 ................................................13
2. 6航海仪器的正确使用 .......................................14
第3章  航行方法的应用 ...........................................16
3 .1 哥伦比亚河航行 ..........................................16
3. 2 长江口航行 ..............................................18
第4章  狭水道中操船的注意事项及应急措施  ........................20
4. 1 狭水道航行的注意事项 ....................................20
4. 2 狭水道航行的应急措施 ....................................22
结论 .............................................................24
致谢信 ...........................................................25
参考文献 .........................................................26