75th循环硫化床锅炉除尘装置规划与设计.doc

75th循环硫化床锅炉除尘装置规划与设计

摘  要
英国竖起无数冒着黑烟的烟囱标志着工业革命的到来，当时人们还沉浸在征服自然和创造财富的喜悦当中，工业革命发展的一百年中所创造出的价值比自从人类开始劳动到工业革命前所创造出的多的多。但那时人们并没有意识到除了财富之外从那些烟囱冒出的黑烟带来了什么。当时少数先进的资本主义国家意识到的时候他们又开始花巨大的代价开始治理这些污染所造成的环境问题，从能源的高效利用到废气、废水、废渣的净化等。我国作为一个发展中国家借鉴了历史经验避免走先污染后治理的老路，制定了相关的法律法规开始治理环境问题。“废水、废气、废渣”及噪声对人类的健康和生活都有着不良的影响。
而对于一台位于市区的75t/h的循环流化床锅炉，应选择合适的高效除尘系统，选择怎样的除尘系统，以及合适的设备型号，才能保证高效与经济性兼顾，将是本文研究的重点。由于循环流化床锅炉的燃烧特性，它的未燃尽细粒的排放量很大，参考各种除尘装置的除尘特性与效率，本文采用了静电除尘作为本锅炉的主要除尘系统，将旋风除尘装置作为前置除尘设备，此外，合理布置锅炉房及管道，并对有关可改进的地方加以改进，以保证经济与高效兼顾，本文也将加以尝试。（适当补充 循环流花床锅炉选择静电除尘的原因）

关键词:  锅炉  环境  除尘器  烟气量  电除尘设计

Abstract
Britain put up countless chimneys black smoke marks the arrival of the Industrial Revolution, when it was still immersed in the conquest of nature and the joy of creation of wealth among a hundred years the development of the industrial revolution to create value in the ratio of labor to the industry since the beginning of mankind before the revolution to create a multi-multi. But then people do not realize that in addition to wealth than the smoke from those chimneys brought about. At that time a small number of advanced capitalist countries began to realize that when they began to take control of these huge costs caused by pollution, environmental problems, from efficient use of energy to waste gas, waste water, waste purification and so on. Being a developing country learn from the experience of history to avoid taking the old path of pollution first, treatment later, formulated relevant laws and regulations began to control environmental problems. "Waste water, waste gas, waste residue," and noise on human.
And in the urban area for a 75t / h coal-fired boilers, should select the appropriate and efficient dust removal system, choose what kind of dust removal system, and the appropriate device models in order to ensure both efficiency and economy, will be the focus of this study .Will be the focus of this study. Since the combustion characteristics of circulating fluidized bed boiler, it does not burn very fine emissions, reference all kinds of dust removal device characteristics and efficiency, we use the electrostatic dust as the main boiler dust removal system, In addition, the rational arrangement of boiler room and piping, and related areas of improvement to be improved in order to ensure economy and efficiency into account, this paper will try it out.

Key word: Boiler  Environment  Dust collector  Smoke  ESP Design

 
目录
1 前言 1
2 燃煤锅炉与环境保护的关系 1
2.1燃煤锅炉 1
2.2 燃煤锅炉对环境的影响 2
2.3 环境保护 3
3 循环流化床锅炉与除尘装置的确定 3
3.1 循环流化床锅炉 4
3.2旋风分离器 5
3.3 布袋除尘技术 6
3.4水膜除尘器 7
3.5 静电除尘 8
3.6 袋式除尘器与电除尘器比较和存在的问题 10
3.6.1 经济比较 10
3.6.2  电除尘器与袋除尘器存在的问题 11
3.7除尘装置的选择与设置 12
4 相关数据的确定 12
4.1  q3的选取 13
4.2  q4的选取 14
4.3  烟尘容许排放浓度的确定 15
4.3.1  主题内容与适用范围 15
4.3.2  引用标准： 15
4.3.3  定义 15
        4.3.3.1 标准状态： 15
        4.3.3.2 烟尘初始排放浓度： 15
        4.3.3.3 烟尘排放浓度： 16
        4.3.3.4 自然通风锅炉： 16
        4.3.3.5 收到基灰分： 16
        4.3.3.6 过量空气系数： 16
4.4  技术内容 16
    4.4.1 适用区域划分类别 16
    4.4.2 年限划分 16
    4.4.4 锅炉二氧化硫和氮氧化物最高允许排放浓度 16
    4.4.5 燃煤锅炉烟尘初始排放浓度和烟气黑度限值 17
    4.4.6 其他规定 17
4.5  监测 17
5 计算空气量和烟气量 20
5.1 空气量的计算 20
5.2 烟气量的计算 21
6 对静电除尘装置进行初步设计 22
6.1电除尘器的结构 22
6.2确定比集尘表面积，确定内部结构 22
6.2．1  比集尘表面积的计算 22
6.2．2  确定内部结构 24
6.3  确定外形尺寸，确定气流速度，计算或核算流动阻力 27
6.3.1 确定长高比，计算外形尺寸 27
6.3．2电除尘器的流动阻力 30
6.4 核算静电除尘装置漏风率及主要支撑件的强度 30
6.5 整流装置、保温等辅助设计 31
6.5.1 整流装置设计 31
6.5.2 保温装置的设计 32
7 本系统的改进与展望 33
7.1 加装阴极防风板， 33
7.2截流墙 34
7.3 电晕极 34
8 总结 34
致    谢 35
参考文献 36