基于matlab的fir滤波器的设计与仿真.doc

基于matlab的FIR滤波器的设计与仿真

  摘　　要

FIR滤波器是一种被广泛应用的基本的数字信号处理部件。通过比较FIR和IIR滤波器可以得到IIR滤波器不能实现严格的线性相位，而且阶数较低，所以我们采用FIR滤波器来实现。随着MATLAB软件信号处理工具箱的推出，MATLAB已成为信号处理，特别是数字信号处理DSP应用中的分析、设计、仿真的主要工具。Matlab信号处理中的FIR滤波器设计而言，在很大程度上能快速有效地实现滤波器的分析、设计及仿真，大大节约了设计时间，相对传统设计而言，简化了滤波器设计难度。通过对FIR滤波器的原理及特性的学习与研究，本文采用MATLAB软件中的FDATool工具箱和SPTool工具箱来分别对FIR滤波器进行设计与仿真。本文分别通过三种方法实现FIR滤波器的设计与仿真。首先通过FDATool工具箱结合窗函数法实现FIR低通滤波器的仿真，其次通过SPTool工具箱结合等波纹设计法实现带通滤波器的仿真，最后通过频率抽样法实现FIR高通滤波器的仿真。这些方法能够直观地检验滤波器的设计效果,便于优化设计参数、提高设计效率和成功率。

关键词  FIR数字滤波器；MATLAB；FDATool；SPTool
     

MATLAB-based FIR filter design and simulation
ABSTRACT
FIR filter is a widely used basic digital signal processing components. FIR and IIR filters by comparing the IIR filter can be strictly linear phase can not be achieved, and the lower order, so we use the FIR filter to achieve. MATLAB Signal Processing Toolbox with the launch of the software, MATLAB has become the signal processing, especially digital signal processing DSP applications analysis, design, simulation of the main tools. Matlab Signal Processing FIR filter design is concerned, to a large extent can be achieved quickly and efficiently filter analysis, design and simulation, a significant reduction in design time, compared to the traditional design, the simplified filter design difficult. FIR filter on the principle and characteristics of learning and research, this paper FDATool MATLAB software toolbox and SPTool toolbox respectively FIR filter design and simulation. Three methods were adopted to achieve this FIR filter design and simulation. FDATool toolbox with first through the window function to achieve simulation of FIR low-pass filter, followed by SPTool toolbox with equiripple band-pass filter design method to achieve the simulation, and finally achieved by frequency sampling FIR high-pass filter simulation. These methods can be directly tested effects of filter design, easy to optimize the design parameters to improve the design efficiency and success rate.

Key words  FIR digital filters；MATLAB；FDATool；SPTool

目　　录
　　
　 １引言 1
2　MATLAB软件介绍 3
2.1　FDATool工具箱 5
2.2　SPTool工具箱 6
3　FIR滤波器的原理及特性 8
3.1　FIR滤波器分类 8
3.2　FIR滤波器的原理 9
3.3　FIR滤波器的特性 10
3.3.1　FIR滤波器的相位特性 10
3.3.2　FIR滤波器的幅频特性 12
4　FIR滤波器和IIR滤波器的性能比较 20
4.1　凯撒窗函数 21
4.2　切比雪夫窗函数 21
4.3  FIR滤波器和IIR滤波器的仿真及性能比较 22
5  FIR滤波器的仿真实现 24
5.1　FIR低通滤波器的仿真实现 24
5.1.1　布兰克曼窗函数 24
5.1.2　FIR低通滤波器的仿真 25
5.2　FIR带通滤波器的仿真 28
5.2.1　等波纹设计法 28
5.2.2　FIR带通滤波器的仿真 28
5.3　FIR高通滤波器的仿真 32
5.3.1　频率抽样法 32
5.3.2　FIR高通滤波器的仿真 33
结论 36
致谢 37
参考文献 38