技术性贸易壁垒对xx公司机电产品出口的影响及对策.doc
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技术性贸易壁垒对xx公司机电产品出口的影响及对策,摘 要随着经济全球化和贸易自由化进程的加快，技术性贸易措施得到越来越广泛的运用，已成为当前各国保护产业和促进对外贸易的重要手段。由于技术性贸易壁垒有其名义上的合理性、提法巧妙、形式复杂、加上其隐蔽性等特点，它既有合理合法的一面，又有容易导致贸易保护主义滥用的一面。技术贸易壁的主要形式有技术法规、标准和合格评定程序，包装...
内容介绍
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摘 要
随着经济全球化和贸易自由化进程的加快，技术性贸易措施得到越来越广泛的运用，已成为当前各国保护产业和促进对外贸易的重要手段。由于技术性贸易壁垒有其名义上的合理性、提法巧妙、形式复杂、加上其隐蔽性等特点，它既有合理合法的一面，又有容易导致贸易保护主义滥用的一面。技术贸易壁的主要形式有技术法规、标准和合格评定程序，包装和标签的要求以及技术性贸易壁垒的特殊形式—知识产权壁垒。技术贸易壁对中国机电出口的积极影响是推动机电企业技术创新和机电产业结构升级，消极影响是增加了出口成本，削弱了竞争优势，给行业带来了巨大损失。中国机电出口频遭国外技术性贸易壁垒的原因，从宏观层面来看，其实质是发达国家和发展中国家在政治、经济利益上的争夺;从微观层面来看，技术壁垒门槛越来越高、发展中国家科技水平的劣势和出口产业的弱质性等因素，也是发展中国家的产品出口频遭国外技术壁垒的原因。本文从理论和实践的角度对技术性贸易壁垒理论进行了阐述，并结合实际工作中遇到的问题，对xx公司在机电产品出口中遭遇技术性贸易壁垒的原因进行了较为透彻的分析，并就今后在应对机电产品出口中受技术性贸易壁垒影响的对策思路方面提出了建设性和针对性的建议和意见。使xx公司的机电出口能有效地跨越国际贸易中的技术壁垒，实现对外贸易稳定、可持续的发展。
关键词 技术性贸易壁垒 机电产品 出口 对策
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of the economic globalization and the trade liberalization, technical trade measures are used more widely, and they have become important methods of the current countries' industry protection and the promotion of foreign trade. As Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) has nominal rationality, clever references, complex forms, together with the characteristics of its hidden nature, it easily leads to the abuse of trade protectionism while it is legitimate. The main forms of TBT are technical regulations, standards, qualified assessment procedures, packaging and labeling requirements and the special form of TBT-intellectual property barriers. The positive impact of TBT's acting on China electromechanical export is to propel technical innovation of enterprises and upgrading of the industrial structure of China's electromechanical industry. And the negative effect is the increasing of export costs, the weakening of competitive advantage, and huge losses to the industry. From a macro perspective, the reason that China electromechanical exports often encounter foreign TBT is the contention of developed and developing countries in the political and economic interests; from a micro perspective, the reason that developing countries’ exports often encounter foreign TBT is the improvement of technical thresholds, the inferior level of science and technology, and the weakness of the export industries. From perspective of the TBTs’ theory and practice, this paper does in-depth analysis on constructive and purposeful recommendations and responses of Yuandong Company to deal with TBT of electromechanical export, meantime encounters the actual works and problems of Yuandong Company. Thus Yuandong's electromechanical export can get across foreign TBT effectively and foreign trade can achieve stable and sustained development .
Key words TBT electromechanical industry export countermeasures
目 录
摘要.............................................................I
Abstract........................................................ I I
1．绪论.......................................................... 1
1.1 选题背景................................................. 1
1.2 研究目的及意义............................................2
1.2.1研究目的............................................2
1.2.2研究意义............................................3
1.3 国内外研究状..............................................3
1.3.1.国外研究现状........................................4
1.3.2.国内研究现状........................................4
2. 技术性贸易壁垒概述........................................... 5
2.1 技术性贸易壁垒的概念、种类、及特点........................5
2.1.1 技术性贸易壁垒的概念................................5
2.1.2 技术性贸易壁垒的主要种类............................6
2.1.3 技术性贸易壁垒的特点................................6
2.2 技术性贸易壁垒的经济学分析................................7
2.2.1技术性贸易壁垒的作用机理分析.........................8
2.2.2技术性贸易壁垒的经济效应分析.........................9
3. 技术性贸易壁垒对xx公司机电产品出口的影响.....................10
3.1 技术性贸易壁垒对中国机电行业出口的总体影响................
3.2 xx公司简介...............................................
3.2.1单位简介............................................
3.2.2地理位置............................................
3.2.3公司文化.............................................
3.3 技术性贸易壁垒对xx公司机电产品出口的影响................
4.xx公司机电产品遭遇技术性贸易壁垒的原因剖析.....................
4.1xx公司机电产品遭遇技术性壁垒的外因剖析....................
4.1.1中国对外贸易的快速增长引发他国的贸易保护意识........
4.1.2行业标准水平低，标准体系..
随着经济全球化和贸易自由化进程的加快，技术性贸易措施得到越来越广泛的运用，已成为当前各国保护产业和促进对外贸易的重要手段。由于技术性贸易壁垒有其名义上的合理性、提法巧妙、形式复杂、加上其隐蔽性等特点，它既有合理合法的一面，又有容易导致贸易保护主义滥用的一面。技术贸易壁的主要形式有技术法规、标准和合格评定程序，包装和标签的要求以及技术性贸易壁垒的特殊形式—知识产权壁垒。技术贸易壁对中国机电出口的积极影响是推动机电企业技术创新和机电产业结构升级，消极影响是增加了出口成本，削弱了竞争优势，给行业带来了巨大损失。中国机电出口频遭国外技术性贸易壁垒的原因，从宏观层面来看，其实质是发达国家和发展中国家在政治、经济利益上的争夺;从微观层面来看，技术壁垒门槛越来越高、发展中国家科技水平的劣势和出口产业的弱质性等因素，也是发展中国家的产品出口频遭国外技术壁垒的原因。本文从理论和实践的角度对技术性贸易壁垒理论进行了阐述，并结合实际工作中遇到的问题，对xx公司在机电产品出口中遭遇技术性贸易壁垒的原因进行了较为透彻的分析，并就今后在应对机电产品出口中受技术性贸易壁垒影响的对策思路方面提出了建设性和针对性的建议和意见。使xx公司的机电出口能有效地跨越国际贸易中的技术壁垒，实现对外贸易稳定、可持续的发展。
关键词 技术性贸易壁垒 机电产品 出口 对策
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of the economic globalization and the trade liberalization, technical trade measures are used more widely, and they have become important methods of the current countries' industry protection and the promotion of foreign trade. As Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) has nominal rationality, clever references, complex forms, together with the characteristics of its hidden nature, it easily leads to the abuse of trade protectionism while it is legitimate. The main forms of TBT are technical regulations, standards, qualified assessment procedures, packaging and labeling requirements and the special form of TBT-intellectual property barriers. The positive impact of TBT's acting on China electromechanical export is to propel technical innovation of enterprises and upgrading of the industrial structure of China's electromechanical industry. And the negative effect is the increasing of export costs, the weakening of competitive advantage, and huge losses to the industry. From a macro perspective, the reason that China electromechanical exports often encounter foreign TBT is the contention of developed and developing countries in the political and economic interests; from a micro perspective, the reason that developing countries’ exports often encounter foreign TBT is the improvement of technical thresholds, the inferior level of science and technology, and the weakness of the export industries. From perspective of the TBTs’ theory and practice, this paper does in-depth analysis on constructive and purposeful recommendations and responses of Yuandong Company to deal with TBT of electromechanical export, meantime encounters the actual works and problems of Yuandong Company. Thus Yuandong's electromechanical export can get across foreign TBT effectively and foreign trade can achieve stable and sustained development .
Key words TBT electromechanical industry export countermeasures
目 录
摘要.............................................................I
Abstract........................................................ I I
1．绪论.......................................................... 1
1.1 选题背景................................................. 1
1.2 研究目的及意义............................................2
1.2.1研究目的............................................2
1.2.2研究意义............................................3
1.3 国内外研究状..............................................3
1.3.1.国外研究现状........................................4
1.3.2.国内研究现状........................................4
2. 技术性贸易壁垒概述........................................... 5
2.1 技术性贸易壁垒的概念、种类、及特点........................5
2.1.1 技术性贸易壁垒的概念................................5
2.1.2 技术性贸易壁垒的主要种类............................6
2.1.3 技术性贸易壁垒的特点................................6
2.2 技术性贸易壁垒的经济学分析................................7
2.2.1技术性贸易壁垒的作用机理分析.........................8
2.2.2技术性贸易壁垒的经济效应分析.........................9
3. 技术性贸易壁垒对xx公司机电产品出口的影响.....................10
3.1 技术性贸易壁垒对中国机电行业出口的总体影响................
3.2 xx公司简介...............................................
3.2.1单位简介............................................
3.2.2地理位置............................................
3.2.3公司文化.............................................
3.3 技术性贸易壁垒对xx公司机电产品出口的影响................
4.xx公司机电产品遭遇技术性贸易壁垒的原因剖析.....................
4.1xx公司机电产品遭遇技术性壁垒的外因剖析....................
4.1.1中国对外贸易的快速增长引发他国的贸易保护意识........
4.1.2行业标准水平低，标准体系..
