一种清洁的铸造粘结剂工艺性研究.doc

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摘要 铸造是机械制造业的重要组成部分，但是铸造生产过程中的环境污染问题非常严重，其中大量使用粘结剂造成的毒气、废气、废渣和废砂问题不容忽视。为了保护环境，实现绿色铸造，必须对铸造用粘结剂加紧改进研究。

常用有机合成树脂粘结剂虽然铸件质量好、强度高，但是其环境污染及其严重。而无机水玻璃粘结剂虽然不污染环境，但是其溃散性不佳和旧砂再生问题不好解决。因此，这两种粘结剂都算不上是绿色铸造粘结剂。另一种无机粘结剂——基于磷酸盐的粘结剂经研究表现出良好的溃散性和高温性能，所以是很有发展潜力的新型绿色铸造粘结剂。

影响磷酸盐粘结剂用于铸造生产的最大难题是它的抗吸湿性差。前期研究表明加入PVA可以有效改善铝磷酸盐的抗吸湿性，并制备出此种改性粘结剂。本课题于明志科技公司的装备现场对这种改性粘结剂进行生产工艺性研究，观察它在铸造车间制芯时表现出的工艺性能。

结果表明改变混砂顺序能够改变流动性和抗吸湿性，也会使得强度有所改变。由于射砂模具、加热方法的不足以及射砂、吹气参数的不同，砂芯出现一些疏松、裂纹及未固化现象，说明改进模具设备、优化固化工艺也是提高粘结剂抗吸湿性的有效途径。

关键词 铸造粘结剂 磷酸盐 流动性 抗吸湿性 热固化

 

Process Research of a Clean Foundry Binder

Abstract Foundry is an important part of the machinery manufacturing, however, the environmental pollution problem during the foundry production process is very serious, of which the poison gas, waste gas, waste residue and waste sand problems resulting from the extensive use of casting binders cannot be ignored. In order to protect the environment, to realize green casting, foundry binder must be stepped up efforts to improve research.

Although common organic synthetic resin binder castings are of good quality, high strength, environmental pollution is really serious. Although inorganic sodium silicate binder does not pollute the environment, but its collapsibility and sand reclamation problem is hard to solve. Therefore, both of them are no green casting binder. Another inorganic binder, based on phosphate binder studies showed good collapsibility and high temperature performance, so is of great potential for development of new green casting binder.

One of the biggest hurdles that affect phosphate binder used for casting production is its poor resistance to moisture absorption. Early research suggested that adding PVA can effectively improve the moisture resistance of aluminum phosphate, and this modified binder were prepared. In this paper, production technology for this modified binder was tried in workshop of MingZhi Company, to observe its process properties in core making.

Experimental results showed that the sand preparation process changed flowability, moisture resistance and strength. Due to the shortage of core-box and the heating method as well as the difference of core shooting and blowing parameters, some loose, crack and no curing phenomenon were appeared, which meant that improvement of mold equipment, optimization of solidification process would be effective ways to improve the adhesive resistance to moisture absorption.

Key words  foundry binder  phosphate  fluidity  moisture resistance  heat curing