石墨烯mose2纳米复合材料的制备及其摩擦性能研究.doc

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摘要：层状结构的过渡金属硫、硒化物作为固体润滑剂一直备受人们关注。近年来，对该类纳米材料的研究逐渐兴起。据研究，二硒化钼具有具有很好的摩擦性能,随着对纳米硒化物的研究的开展和深入,发现纳米硒化物及其复合材料具有更好的摩擦性能。而且石墨烯具有与二硒化钼类似的结构，具有良好的摩擦性能。以石墨烯为基体,将二硒化钼沉积在石墨烯上，从而实现软质材料与硬质材料的结合，增加材料的使用寿命。

   本文主要对石墨烯/MoSe2纳米复合材料的制备工艺和摩擦学性能等问题进行初步探索。主要内容包括:

(1)采用水热法合成二硒化钼，通过对于硒钼比、反应温度、表面活性剂及后续处理的调整，从而实现对于二硒化钼微观形貌的优化，合成了纳米花状片层结构的二硒化钼。对所合成的纳米材料分别用TEM、SEM等方法进行了结构、形貌和成分的测试和表征。

(2)将制备二硒化钼的钼源、硒源及还原剂加入用PVP修饰的分散均匀的氧化石墨溶液中，通过水热法一步合成石墨烯/二硒化钼复合材料。所制备的二硒化钼实现了软质材料二硒化钼与硬质材料石墨烯之间的复合，二硒化钼均匀沉积在石墨烯片层上。并对所合成的纳米复合材料采用扫描电镜对其结构、形貌及成分进行测试和表征。

(3)将所制备的二硒化钼及其复合材料作为润滑油添加剂，在在UMT-2多功能摩擦试验机上进行了不同条件的摩擦学试验,研究了载荷、转速对摩擦系数的影响,并对比了其摩擦性能的不同，并且对摩擦机理进行了探究。

关键词：MoSe2；石墨烯；纳米复合材料；摩擦性能

Abstract

Transitional metal dichalcogenides MX2 have lamellar close-packed hexagonal structures, which was used as solid lubricants extensively.According to the recent research ,molybdenum selenide has good friction properties ,besides,with the further researches have been done,It is clear that nano selenium compounds and composites have better friction properties.

In addition,graphene,Which has a similar structure with molybdenum selenide ,has good frictional properties.In order to length materials’service life,the molybdenum selenide is deposited on graphene substrate,which combine a soft material with a hard material.

In this article,experimental investigation and theoretical analysis were carried out on the preparation process and tribology properties of graphite/MoSe2 nano composites.

Firstly, MoSe2 is prepared by the hydrothermal method .By adjusting the ratio of Selenium and molybdenum ,reaction temperature,Surfactant and subsequent processing ,the optimization of MoSe2 has been achieved. Then nano-flower-like lamellar MoSe2 was synthesized.The products’ component and microstructure of MoSe2 nanostructure were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM).

Secondly, the molybdenum source, selenium source and reducing agent are added into PVP-modified graphite oxide solution,graphite/MoSe2 composite is synthesized by hydrothermal method.The composites’component and microstructure of composite nanostructure were investigated by means of  scanning electronic microscope (SEM).

 At last,the tribological properties of products added as additives in 150bn base oil were investigated by UMT-2 multi-specimen tributester under determinate condition. 

Researches have done to test the influence of load and rotating speed have on the friction coefficient and comparisons were made between these additibes.In addition, friction mechanism was explored.

Keywords: MoSe2 ;graphene ; nanocomposites; friction performance

 

第一章 绪论

1.1 摩擦学的研究背景和意义

摩擦学是上个世纪印年代中期在英国创立的一门主要研究相对运动的表面上摩擦、磨损与润滑现象的产生、变化与发展的规律及其控制与应用的科学与技术。摩擦学研究的主要内容是摩擦、磨损和润滑，其主要任务就是要控制摩擦和磨损，改善润滑，以达到节能、节材、降耗和减排的目的。生活中摩擦现象无处不在，如果世上没有摩擦现象，那么将会寸步难行。

摩擦、磨损和润滑问题已成为许多技术部门日常遇到的最普遍、最重要的问题。有人估计，世界上使用的能源大约有功~班消耗于摩擦，