城市空间扩展趋势分析—以xx市为例.doc

3.3万字                  75页           包括外文翻译原文和中文译文

中文摘要

    随着我国经济的发展，城市的空间也在迅速扩展之中。城市空间的扩张是在众多因素作用下呈现数量越来越大、速度越来越快的趋势。城市规模不断的扩大对城市的可持续发展和城市环境产生了较大的影响，也是当前的研究热点之一。

    本文在对国内外同类研究成果收集和总结的基础上，以xx市为研究区域，采用1988年-2013年7个年份的遥感影像数据作为主要数据源，对城市建成区边界进行提取，对xx市城市扩展的动态情况和推动城市扩张的因素作了研究和分析。本文主要对以下内容进行了研究：

（1）对提取城市扩展信息的方法进行研究。本文选取了监督分类法、非监督分类法和面向对象三种方法，选择分类结果较好的分类方法进行城市信息提取。

（2）对xx城市空间扩展特征进行研究。本文从定量和定性两个角度，通过扩展强度指数、紧凑度、分维形数等指标衡量城市扩展，定量角度采用等扇分析法、缓冲带分析法和行政区划法研究xx城市空间扩展方向和速度。定性角度在城市轮廓特征和城市质心移动两个方面研究城市空间扩展特征。

（3）对xx城市空间扩展的驱动力进行研究。xx市城市扩展的驱动因素主要有：自然地理环境、社会经济因素（人口和经济因素）、城市交通系统建设和政府规划政策引导。

    经过研究得出主要结论如下：（1）根据获得的分类结果，认为面向对象分类方法效果较好，其分类结果与事先勾画的城市轮廓拟合度最佳。（2）扩展方向方面，xx市主要沿长江向东北和西南向两翼扩展，南北沿着宁连--宁高高速公路走廊向两侧发展。扩展速度方面，xx市1988年-2013年前期扩展速度快，后期扩展速度明显减缓。从市区内各个区扩展情况上看，前期扩展依赖于主城，后期则以新城区扩展为主导，尤以江宁区扩展幅度最大。（3）自然地理环境方面，长江和紫金山阻碍xx市向北和东发展，构成了xx市沿长江向东北和西南向两翼发展的模式。社会经济方面，xx市的城市扩张对于人口增长不是十分敏感，但是经济的发展却很大程度影响了xx城市空间扩展。城市交通系统建设方面，城市交通网勾勒出了城市框架，其对于城市空间扩展影响显著。政府规划政策方面，政府规划政策一直调控着整个城市的发展变化，即“城市发展，规划先行”。

关键词：xx；城市扩展；驱动力；遥感

 

ABSTRACT

 Along with the development of our country economy, the space of the city is rapidly expanding. The urban expansion under many factors in the quantity is more and more, faster and faster trend.  The expansion of the city scale has a greater impact on the sustainable development of the city and the city environment. It is also one of the hot spots in the research.

on the basis of collection and summary of domestic and foreign similar research results , this paper researched the dynamics of urban spatial expansion of Nanjing city and analyzed its promoting factors of urban expansion on extracting the construction of the city boundary by 1988-2013 seven years of  remote sensing image data as the main data source.

  This paper mainly studies the following contents

(1) study of methods of extracting city extension information.This paper selects the supervised classification, unsupervised classification and object-oriented classification method .By comparing and analyzing the results of three classifications,we choose the better classification results of classification method for urban construction with the information extraction.

(2) the research of Nanjing city spatial expansion characteristics . Proceeding from the angle of both quantitative and qualitative, we take expansion intensity index, compactness and divided as fractal dimension number of indicators to measure the city expansion. And quantitatively we use equal fan analysis, buffer analysis method and law of administrative divisions of Nanjing to study urban spatial expansion direction and speed characteristics.Then we study city spatial expansion characteristi-

cs from two aspects of city contour characteristics and city center moving.

(3) the study of the driving forces of Nanjing city spatial expansion. The main driving factors of Nanjing city urban spatial expansion are natural geographical environment, social and economic factors (demographic and economic factors), urban traffic system construction and government planning policy guidance.

  The main conclusions are as follows: (1) we considered object-oriented classification method is better according to the obtained classification results , and its construction area classification results have the quasi optimal degree with prior outline of urban construction. (2) On the extended  oriention, Nanjing city expands mainly along the Yangtze River to the northeast and southwest to the wings extended, secondly in the south-north oriention it expands along two sides of Expressway from Nanjing to Lianyungang and from Nanjing to Gaochun.On the expansion speed, the expansion of Nanjing city in early stage is fast and expansion slowed down in later stage.  On expanded situation of each district in the urban area ,in early stage, the urban area expansion is main part of the expansion, in latter stage, the expansion of the new city is dominant.Especially in Jiangning District, extended range is the biggest. (3) On natural geographical environment, the Yangtze River and the purple mountain hindered Nanjing city developing towards the north and east , it constitutes Nanjing to develop along two wings of the Yangtze River to the northeast and southwest . On social and economic aspects, Nanjing urban expansion is not very sensitive to population growth , but economic development greatly affected the urban spatial expansion in Nanjing.On construction of urban traffic system, the framework of urban traffic outlines the external contour of urban morphology and its influence on urban spatial expansion is significant. On government planning policy ,government planning policy regulation has directed the changes of the entire city, as the saying goes,"urban development ,planning in advance."

Key words: Nanjing; city expansion; driving force; remote sensing