基于汽车can总线节点及lin节点研究.doc

目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
0 绪论 1
1 车载网络介绍 2
1.1 车载网络分类 2
1.1.1 A类网络标准 2
1.1.2 B类网络标准 3
1.1.3 C类网络标准 4
1.1.4 诊断系统总线标准 5
1.1.5 多媒体信息系统总线标准 5
1.1.6 安全总线和标准 6
1.2 汽车总线的发展趋势 7
2 CAN总线协议分析 8
2.1 CAN总线基础知识 8
2.1.1 CAN的独特性能 8
2.1.2 CAN的基本概念 9
2.2 CAN协议规范 10
2.2.1 CAN 的帧结构 10
2.2.2 CAN 的分层结构 17
2.2.3 CAN 总线的错误类型 17
2.2.4振荡器容差 18
2.2.5 位定时与位同步 18
2.2.6 CAN 通信规则 21
2.2.7 差错控制 22
2.3小结 22
3 CAN总线节点设计 23
3.1 CAN总线常用器件 23
3.1.1 CAN控制器SJA1000介绍 23
3.1.2 CAN收发器TJA1050介绍 27
3.2 CAN总线节点硬件设计 28
3.3 CAN总线节点软件设计 29
3.3.1 CAN初始化子程序 29
3.3.2 CAN接收、发送子程序 30
3.4 小结 31
4 CAN总线的辅助网络 32
4.1辅助网络的选择 32
4.1.1 LIN网络介绍 32
4.1.2 低速容错CAN 33
4.2辅助网络的节点设计 33
4.2.1 LIN总线节点的设计 33
4.2.2 LIN总线通讯软件的设计 34
4.3 CAN与辅助网络的网关设计 35
4.3.1 器件选择 35
4.3.2 CAN网关的硬件电路设计 35
4.3.3 CAN网络网关系统软件设计 36
4.4 小结 37
5 结论及展望 38
致谢 39
参考文献 40
附录1 CAN节点原理图 41
附录2 LIN节点原理图 42
附录3 实物图片 43

 
摘要
CAN作为一种新兴的并广泛应用于汽车领域的一种局域网，得到了越来越多的关注和应用，因此，很有必要对CAN总线的汽车局域网技术方面做一个比较深入的研究。本文从研究汽车局域网入手，主要研究了国内外汽车控制器局域网的发展与现状，对当今国际汽车行业中应用最广的CAN总线原理和应用进行了深入研究与吸收。并在此基础上提出结合主干网CAN与辅助网络，为汽车网络提供更完善的通讯服务的数据共享模型。此外，还设计了CAN节点、辅助网络节点以及总线网关。本文的研究，可以作为CAN总线在汽车上应用的有益探索，对实现汽车信息化具有一定的指导意义。
本文重点研究CAN主干网结合辅助网络的技术可行性、可靠性等方面内容；不同网络之间的数据共享方案也是重点关注的技术问题。论文首先从汽车网络入手，分析当前汽车网络的各种分类，比较各种网络的优缺点；然后深入分析Bosch CAN 2.0规范的要点及CAN总线的工作原理，为后面的节点设计打下理论基础；接着设计CAN节点的硬件和软件；最后就辅助网络的选择、辅助网络的职能分配、节点管理以及网关的研究设计等内容作了一个全面分析研究，采取有效的方法来降低主干网的总线负荷和总线堵塞的风险。最终目的就是提出一个适合我国汽车工业应用的汽车网络通讯模型，为我国的汽车网络发展尽一份微薄之力。

关键词：汽车电子控制器局域网，CAN现场总线，LIN总线，辅助网络，网关设计

Abstract
As a new local area network and being expand applied in Auto manufacturing area, CAN has being got more and more attract and application. Hence, it is necessary to have a study on the Auto LAN based on CAN bus technology in depth. This paper starts with normal Auto LAN, mainly emphasizes on the development and present status of Auto LAN study both in civil and abroad. Then a view is come up with combining with main frame network and assistant network, and thus a more complete communication service and data sharing model is supplied for Auto LAN. Beside above, a suit of a CAN node, an assistant network node and bus gateway is designed. The study in this paper, can be supposed to be as a signally explore during the application of CAN bus in Auto industry, and has a meaningful instruction to Auto-information.
Thesis priority studies the CAN main network and assists network aspect content such as technical feasibility, reliability being tied in integration.The data share scheme between different network is also the technology problem that priority shows solicitude for. The thesis complies with the automobile network first starting, analyse current network various automobile classification, the network comparatively various excellent shortcoming. Then analyse Bosch CAN 2.0 specification in depth and study CAN bus operating principle, establish a theory basis for following nodes design. And then, design CAN nodes hardware and software.Finally the paper will study roundly about the choise of the assistant network, assistant network’s function assignment, nodes management and bus gateway. Take effective method to reduce the risk of bus load and bus jam. Ultimate purpose is to suggest that one is suitable to the automobile network communication model that our country auto industry applies, contribute my little strength to our country network develops.

Keywords: Auto Electronics Controllers’ local area network, CAN field bus, LIN bus, assistant network, gateway design