xx县农村医疗保险制度现状及存在的问题及完善农村医疗保险制度的途径.doc

中文摘要
“三农”问题始终是关系国家发展、稳定的一项重要议题，“没有农业的发展.就没有国家的发展，没有农村的稳定就没有国家的稳定”。农村医疗保障制度一直.是社会保障体系中的重要组成部分，对于农村的稳定和持续发展尤其具有重要的现.实意义和长远意义。建立和完善农村医疗保险制度，不仅可以实现农民生存和就医.的平等权利，而且可以改善农民卫生条件，提高卫生服务效率，提高农村生活质量、.推动农村经济和人力资源的持续发展。然而，现行的农村医疗保险制度还很不健全，还存在着一些问题.对农村医疗保险制度的问题的研究是必须的和迫切的。
本文除绪论外，主要分五个部分进行阐述:
第一部分，首先来界定我国农村医疗保险的性质，一方面农村医.疗保险同时具有社会医疗保障和社会保险的性质;另一方面从农村医疗保险制度具.有公共产品的性质阐述，体现在五个特征上:非竞争性、非排他性、外在经济性、.公共消费的效益性以及功能的不可分割性。其次介绍了农村医疗保险的特征，主要.包括三大特征:一是突出了以大病统筹为主;二是以农民自愿参加为原则;三是建.立了农村医疗救助制度。再次从四个不同的角度阐述了农村医疗保险的形式。之后提出了建立农村医疗保险立法的必要性，主要从四个方面进行阐述，一是明确农村.医疗保险法律地位的需要;二是保障农村医疗保险关系各方权利义务实现的需要;.三是规范农村医疗保险资金的筹集、管理和使用;四是规范政府行为，合理利用医.疗资源的需要。最后提出医疗保险的对象及形式。
第二部分，主要是对我国农村医疗保险制度的实证分析。首先对我国农村医.疗保险制度的历史现状进行全面、细致的介绍，具体分为四个时期的发展历程:农.村合作医疗制度的出现、农村合作医疗制度的普及、农村合作医疗制度的衰退、新.时期农村医疗保险制度的建立。从而认识到我国农村医疗保险有一定程度的恢复与.发展，但进展较为缓慢，还有很多艰巨的问题需要解决。接着本部分分析了我国农.村医疗保险制度存在的主要问题，有三个方面的障碍:认识上的障碍、资金上的障.碍以及法律上的障碍。最后指出了我国农村医疗保险制度缺失的四大原因:第一，.农村经济发展水平因素制约;第二，政府缺乏对农村医疗保险制度实施的监管力度;.第三，政府农村卫生政策缺失;第四，医疗体制缺陷。
第三部分，在以上两大部分的基础上，对国内外医疗保险制度的经验介绍分析。从两方面介绍，首先提出我国农村医疗保险制度的历史及现状。然后提出国外的医疗保险模式，制度的比较及对我国的启示。
第四部分，提出xx县农村医疗保险制度的现状及存在的问题。首先解读农村医疗保险制度，分别从农村医疗制度的特点：农村医疗保险的筹资模式、合作形式、支付模式、运作模式及保障形式方面进行介绍。其次，提出xx县推行的农村医疗保险制度的效果及局限性进行分析。最后，从xx县农村医疗保险的意见分析。
第五部分，从完善农村医疗保险制度的途径方面进行分析，首先是完善农村医疗保险制度的原则，其次是完善农村医疗保险制度的框架，最后从完善农村医疗保险制度的配套改革方面进行分析。

关键词:农村医疗保险;合作医疗;医疗保障
Abstract

Chinese abstract "three agricultures " problem is concern the country developing , stable important one topic for discussion all the time ", does not have development of agriculture. Do not have development of the country right away , do not have the rural area stability not having country's stability right away". Rural area medical security system all the time. Important component in being social security system, has important cash to rural area stability and sustained development especially. Reality significance and long-term significance. Build and perfect rural area medical insurance system, not only being able to realize a peasant existing and going to a doctor. Equal rights, and can improve peasant hygiene condition , improve hygiene serving efficiency, improve rural area quality of life. Drive rural economy and the human resources sustained development. Rural area medical insurance system currently in effect is fairly extremely not perfect but, is having a few problem. The go into to rural area medical insurance system problem is necessary and urgent. Besides the main body of a book is commented on except the beginning, mainly, mark of five parts go along expounds: Come the boundary to book our country rural area medical insurance character , rural area to cure on one hand Part I , the primo. Cure the character being sure having society medical security and social insurance at the same time; From rural area medical insurance, system has on the other hand. Character having common product expounding , embody in five characteristics: Be not competitiveness , be not exclusiveness , external economy. Common the beneficial result consuming and functional forbidden division. The characteristic having introduced rural area medical insurance's secondly, is main. Include three big characteristics: Have been outstanding first giving first place to health insurance covering major cases of illness; Two is to take that the peasant participates in voluntarily as principle; Three be build. Have set up rural area medical treatment succour system. The angle once again different from four has set forth rural area medical insurance form. Have brought forward building-up rural area medical insurance legislation necessity afterwards , have expounded mainly from four aspect go along, one being to make rural area clear. Medical insurance legal status need; Two is to ensure rural area medical insuran..