【毕业设计论文】温度测量及显示仿真.doc
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【毕业设计论文】温度测量及显示仿真,温度测量及显示仿真实现摘 要:近年来随着计算机在社会领域的渗透，单片机的应用正在不断地走向深入，同时带动传统控制检测日新月异更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片机往往是作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构，以及具体应用对象特点的软件结合，...
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【毕业设计论文】温度测量及显示仿真
温度测量及显示仿真实现
摘 要:近年来随着计算机在社会领域的渗透，单片机的应用正在不断地走向深入，同时带动传统控制检测日新月异更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片机往往是作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构，以及具体应用对象特点的软件结合，以作完善。
本文从硬件和软件两方面来讲述温度测量过程，在控制过程中主要应用单片机AT89C51、数字温度传感器DS18B20、液晶显示器LCD1602和存储器24C04A，而主要是通过DS18B20数字温度传感器采集温度，以单片机为核心控制部件，并通过存储器进行存储、液晶显示器显示实时温度的一种数字温度计。软件方面采用C语言来进行程序设计，使指令执行速度快，节省存储空间。为了便于扩展和更改，软件的设计采用模块化结构，使程序设计的逻辑关系更加简洁明了，使硬件在软件的控制下协调运作。
本设计主要做了如下几方面的工作：一是确定系统的总体设计方案，包括其功能设计、组成与工作原理、设计说明；二是进行硬件电路设计，包括硬件电路构成及测量原理、温度传感器的选择、单片机的选择；三是进行了调试和仿真，包括硬件仿真和软件仿真。
经实验测试表明，该系统测量精度高、抗干扰能力强，具体一定的参考价值。该系统设计和布线简单、结构紧凑、体积小、重量轻、抗干扰能力强、性价比高、扩展方便，在大型仓库、工厂、智能化建筑等领域的温度检测中有广阔的应用前景。
关键词：温度测量；数字温度传感器DS18B20；AT89C51单片机；液晶显示器
The simulation of temperature measuring and showing
Abstract: In recent years,with the computer penetration in the social field, the application of SCM is to keep at the same time, traditional control testing update on crescent benefits. In real-time detection and automatic control system of single-chip applications, often as a single-chip core component to use only single-chip is not enough knowledge,but also the specific hardware structure and the specific features of application software objects combine to make perfect.
In this paper, both hardware and software for automatic control of temperature measure on the process,in the control of the main application of the process of single-chip microcomputer AT89C51、digital temperature sensor DS18B20、LED screen, but mainly through the digital temperature sensor DS18B20 collecting ambient temperature to single-chip microcomputer as the core control components, and through LED screen of a digital thermometer temperature.Software using C language for programming, so that the implementation of Directive speed, to save storage space. In order to facilitate the expansion and changes to the design of modular software structure, so that the logic of the relationship between program design more concise, Hardware software co-operation under the control of it.
The design made the following main aspects: First, the overall design of the system, including its functional design、design principles、the composition and working principle; second, a sensor hardware circuit design,including hardware and measurement circuit principle、the choice of temperature sensor、SCM choice; Third, we carried out the testing and simulation, including hardware simulation and software simulation.
The experimental tests show that this high accuracy, strong anti-interference ability,with a certain reference value. The system design and layout simple and compact structure, small size, light weight, anti-jamming capability, cost-effective to expand convenience, in large warehouses, factories,construction and other areas of temperature measurement in a wide range of application prospects.
Key Words: temperature measure; digital temperature sensor DS18B20; single-chip microcomputer AT89C51;LED scre
目 录
1 概述……………………………………………………………………….................1
1.1 课题研究的背景………………………………………………………………..1
1.2 课题研究的意义………………………………………………………………..1
1.3 课题研究的目的………………………………………………………………..2
1.4 课题研究的任务及要求………………………………………………………..2
2 系统总体设计方案.....................................................................................................3
2.1 系统的功能设计................................................................................................3
2.2 系统的组成与工作原理....................................................................................3
2.2 系统的设计说明................................................................................................3
3 系统硬件电路的设计.................................................................................................4
3.1 系统硬件电路构成及测量原理........................................................................4
3.1.1 系统硬件电路构成.................................................................................4
3.1.2 系统测量原理.........................................................................................5
3.2 单片机AT89C51…………………………………………………………........5
3.2.1 AT89C51的主要性能参数…………………………………………...5
3.2.2 功能特性概述………………………………………………………...6
3.2.3 引脚功能说明………………………………………………………...6
3.2.4 时钟振荡器…………………………………………………………...8
3.2.5 AT89C51软件编程模式……………………………………………...8
3.2.6 单片机最小系统设计………………………………………………....9
3.2.7 关于单片机上拉和阻值选择的问题..................................................11
3.3 数字温度传感器DS18B20……………………………………………..........12
3.3.1 DS18B20技术性能描述 …………………………………………...12
3.3.2 数字温度传感器DS18B20的简单介绍……………………………12
3.3.3 AT89C51单片机与DS18B20的接口……………………………....16
3.3.4 DS18B20使用中注意事项……………………………………….....18
3.4 液晶显示器LCD1602……………………………………………………......19
3.4.1 LCD1602简介……………………………………….........................19
3.4.2 指令集………………………………..................................................20
3.4.3 LCD1602使用方法…………………………………………….........24
3.4.4 LCD1602的典型电路……………………………………………….26
3.5 存储器芯片24C04A………………………………………………………….27
3.5.1 24C04A的特点……………………………………………………....27
3.5.2 24C04A的一般说明………………………………………………....28
3.5.3 24C04A的总线特性………………………………………………....28
4 系统的软件设计…………………………………………………………………….31
4.1 系统的总体设计思路………………………………………………………...31
4.2 系统的程序设计……………………………………………………………...31
4.2.1 主程序………………………………………………………………....31
4.2.2 读出温度子程序……………………………………………………....31
4.2.3 温度转化命令子程序…………………………………………………32
4.2.4 计算温度子程序………………………………………………………32
4.2.5 显示数据刷新子程序 ………………………………………………..33
5 PROTEUS软件仿真…………………………………………………………….....33
5.1 PROTEUS 仿真器与集成开发环境KEIL.....................................................33
5.1.1 PROTEUS 仿真器............................................................................... 33
5.1.2 集成开发环境KEIL..............................................................................34
5.2 绘制温度测量系统仿真电路图.......................................................................34
5.3 实现温度测量系统的仿真…………………………………………………...35
6 结束语…………………………………………………………………………........38
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………......39
致谢……………………………………………………………………………………..40
附录1：程序清单………………………………………………………………...........41
附录2：设计图纸………………………………………………………………...........48
温度测量及显示仿真实现
摘 要:近年来随着计算机在社会领域的渗透，单片机的应用正在不断地走向深入，同时带动传统控制检测日新月异更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片机往往是作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构，以及具体应用对象特点的软件结合，以作完善。
本文从硬件和软件两方面来讲述温度测量过程，在控制过程中主要应用单片机AT89C51、数字温度传感器DS18B20、液晶显示器LCD1602和存储器24C04A，而主要是通过DS18B20数字温度传感器采集温度，以单片机为核心控制部件，并通过存储器进行存储、液晶显示器显示实时温度的一种数字温度计。软件方面采用C语言来进行程序设计，使指令执行速度快，节省存储空间。为了便于扩展和更改，软件的设计采用模块化结构，使程序设计的逻辑关系更加简洁明了，使硬件在软件的控制下协调运作。
本设计主要做了如下几方面的工作：一是确定系统的总体设计方案，包括其功能设计、组成与工作原理、设计说明；二是进行硬件电路设计，包括硬件电路构成及测量原理、温度传感器的选择、单片机的选择；三是进行了调试和仿真，包括硬件仿真和软件仿真。
经实验测试表明，该系统测量精度高、抗干扰能力强，具体一定的参考价值。该系统设计和布线简单、结构紧凑、体积小、重量轻、抗干扰能力强、性价比高、扩展方便，在大型仓库、工厂、智能化建筑等领域的温度检测中有广阔的应用前景。
关键词：温度测量；数字温度传感器DS18B20；AT89C51单片机；液晶显示器
The simulation of temperature measuring and showing
Abstract: In recent years,with the computer penetration in the social field, the application of SCM is to keep at the same time, traditional control testing update on crescent benefits. In real-time detection and automatic control system of single-chip applications, often as a single-chip core component to use only single-chip is not enough knowledge,but also the specific hardware structure and the specific features of application software objects combine to make perfect.
In this paper, both hardware and software for automatic control of temperature measure on the process,in the control of the main application of the process of single-chip microcomputer AT89C51、digital temperature sensor DS18B20、LED screen, but mainly through the digital temperature sensor DS18B20 collecting ambient temperature to single-chip microcomputer as the core control components, and through LED screen of a digital thermometer temperature.Software using C language for programming, so that the implementation of Directive speed, to save storage space. In order to facilitate the expansion and changes to the design of modular software structure, so that the logic of the relationship between program design more concise, Hardware software co-operation under the control of it.
The design made the following main aspects: First, the overall design of the system, including its functional design、design principles、the composition and working principle; second, a sensor hardware circuit design,including hardware and measurement circuit principle、the choice of temperature sensor、SCM choice; Third, we carried out the testing and simulation, including hardware simulation and software simulation.
The experimental tests show that this high accuracy, strong anti-interference ability,with a certain reference value. The system design and layout simple and compact structure, small size, light weight, anti-jamming capability, cost-effective to expand convenience, in large warehouses, factories,construction and other areas of temperature measurement in a wide range of application prospects.
Key Words: temperature measure; digital temperature sensor DS18B20; single-chip microcomputer AT89C51;LED scre
目 录
1 概述……………………………………………………………………….................1
1.1 课题研究的背景………………………………………………………………..1
1.2 课题研究的意义………………………………………………………………..1
1.3 课题研究的目的………………………………………………………………..2
1.4 课题研究的任务及要求………………………………………………………..2
2 系统总体设计方案.....................................................................................................3
2.1 系统的功能设计................................................................................................3
2.2 系统的组成与工作原理....................................................................................3
2.2 系统的设计说明................................................................................................3
3 系统硬件电路的设计.................................................................................................4
3.1 系统硬件电路构成及测量原理........................................................................4
3.1.1 系统硬件电路构成.................................................................................4
3.1.2 系统测量原理.........................................................................................5
3.2 单片机AT89C51…………………………………………………………........5
3.2.1 AT89C51的主要性能参数…………………………………………...5
3.2.2 功能特性概述………………………………………………………...6
3.2.3 引脚功能说明………………………………………………………...6
3.2.4 时钟振荡器…………………………………………………………...8
3.2.5 AT89C51软件编程模式……………………………………………...8
3.2.6 单片机最小系统设计………………………………………………....9
3.2.7 关于单片机上拉和阻值选择的问题..................................................11
3.3 数字温度传感器DS18B20……………………………………………..........12
3.3.1 DS18B20技术性能描述 …………………………………………...12
3.3.2 数字温度传感器DS18B20的简单介绍……………………………12
3.3.3 AT89C51单片机与DS18B20的接口……………………………....16
3.3.4 DS18B20使用中注意事项……………………………………….....18
3.4 液晶显示器LCD1602……………………………………………………......19
3.4.1 LCD1602简介……………………………………….........................19
3.4.2 指令集………………………………..................................................20
3.4.3 LCD1602使用方法…………………………………………….........24
3.4.4 LCD1602的典型电路……………………………………………….26
3.5 存储器芯片24C04A………………………………………………………….27
3.5.1 24C04A的特点……………………………………………………....27
3.5.2 24C04A的一般说明………………………………………………....28
3.5.3 24C04A的总线特性………………………………………………....28
4 系统的软件设计…………………………………………………………………….31
4.1 系统的总体设计思路………………………………………………………...31
4.2 系统的程序设计……………………………………………………………...31
4.2.1 主程序………………………………………………………………....31
4.2.2 读出温度子程序……………………………………………………....31
4.2.3 温度转化命令子程序…………………………………………………32
4.2.4 计算温度子程序………………………………………………………32
4.2.5 显示数据刷新子程序 ………………………………………………..33
5 PROTEUS软件仿真…………………………………………………………….....33
5.1 PROTEUS 仿真器与集成开发环境KEIL.....................................................33
5.1.1 PROTEUS 仿真器............................................................................... 33
5.1.2 集成开发环境KEIL..............................................................................34
5.2 绘制温度测量系统仿真电路图.......................................................................34
5.3 实现温度测量系统的仿真…………………………………………………...35
6 结束语…………………………………………………………………………........38
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………......39
致谢……………………………………………………………………………………..40
附录1：程序清单………………………………………………………………...........41
附录2：设计图纸………………………………………………………………...........48
