【原创】基于单片机的电子软起动器的设计.doc
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【原创】基于单片机的电子软起动器的设计,摘 要：随着交流电动机软启动技术的快速发展，实际对其要求越来越高，三相异步电动机的起动电流高达额定电流的5～8倍，对电网造成较大干扰，尤其在工业领域中的重载起动，有时可能对设备安全构成严重威胁，所以软起动技术被广泛应用。本文主要通过单片机atmega16的控制，对晶闸管的导通角进行控制，串接电源与被控电机之间的三相反并...
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摘 要：随着交流电动机软启动技术的快速发展，实际对其要求越来越高，三相异步电动机的起动电流高达额定电流的5～8倍，对电网造成较大干扰，尤其在工业领域中的重载起动，有时可能对设备安全构成严重威胁，所以软起动技术被广泛应用。
本文主要通过单片机ATmega16的控制，对晶闸管的导通角进行控制，串接电源与被控电机之间的三相反并联晶闸管及其电路控制回路控制三相晶闸管的导通角使被控电机的输入电压、电流按不同的要求而变化，可以实现电压以及电流的要求，基于交流电动机的原理、软启动器的原理，实现外围电路的控制工作。通过单片机对六路触发脉冲控制，模数、数模转换通过A/D、D/A，通过相位移动控制电流以及电压。
关键词：异步电动机 软启动器 晶闸管 模数转换
Abstract：AC motor soft start technology with the rapid development of，Increasing demands of its actual,Three-phase asynchronous motor currents up to rated current of 5 to 8 times，Cause greater interference on the power grid，Especially in the industrial field of heavy-duty starting，May sometimes pose a serious threat to the safety equipment，So soft start technology is widely used，In this paper, the control by microcontroller AT89S52，Conduction angle of thyristor control。
Electrical power supply and charged in series of three contrast between the thyristor and the parallel three-phase thyristor circuit control loop control of the motor conduction angle of the accused input voltage and current changes according to different requirements，Can achieve the required voltage and current，AC motors based on the principle of the principle of the soft starter，To achieve control of the external circuit，Microcontroller on the six-way through the trigger pulse control module, digital to analog conversion through the A / D, D / A，By phase shift control of current and voltage
Key words ： Asynchronous motor Soft starter SCR ADC
目 录
摘 要 ..........................................................................................I
Abstract......................................................................................II
第1章 绪论................................................................................. 1
1.1概述......................................................................................1
1.2异步电动机的启动问题..............................................................1
1.3国内外发展状况.......................................................................2
1.3.1国内发展状况.......................................................................2
1.3.2国外发展状况.......................................................................3
1.4电力电子软启动方法 ................................................................3
1.5本课题研究目的.......................................................................5
第2章 软启动器的基础理论.............................................................6
2.1软起动器的启动过程分析...........................................................6
2.2常用的启动方式.......................................................................6
2.3软起动器常用的几种停车方式.....................................................9
2.4本章小结................................................................................9
第3章 硬件电路设计.....................................................................10
3.1 系统总体框图 ........................................................................10
3.2电力电子软启动器的主电路........................................................11
3.3单片机的选择..........................................................................12
3.4同步电压检测电路.....................................................................13
3.5电流检测电路...........................................................................14
3.6电压检测电路...........................................................................14
3.7键盘与显示电路........................................................................15
3.8触发电路.................................................................................16
3.9通信电路.................................................................................16
3.10继电器驱动电路......................................................................17
3.11电源电路的设计......................................................................18
3.12本章小结...............................................................................19
第4章 系统软件设计.......................................................................20
4.1主程序设计..............................................................................20
4.2定时显示中断服务程序设计.........................................................21
4.3外中断服务程序设计 .................................................................21
4.4 A/D转换中断服务程序设计........................................................22
4.5定时触发脉冲算角计和控制命令程序设计....................................
本文主要通过单片机ATmega16的控制，对晶闸管的导通角进行控制，串接电源与被控电机之间的三相反并联晶闸管及其电路控制回路控制三相晶闸管的导通角使被控电机的输入电压、电流按不同的要求而变化，可以实现电压以及电流的要求，基于交流电动机的原理、软启动器的原理，实现外围电路的控制工作。通过单片机对六路触发脉冲控制，模数、数模转换通过A/D、D/A，通过相位移动控制电流以及电压。
关键词：异步电动机 软启动器 晶闸管 模数转换
Abstract：AC motor soft start technology with the rapid development of，Increasing demands of its actual,Three-phase asynchronous motor currents up to rated current of 5 to 8 times，Cause greater interference on the power grid，Especially in the industrial field of heavy-duty starting，May sometimes pose a serious threat to the safety equipment，So soft start technology is widely used，In this paper, the control by microcontroller AT89S52，Conduction angle of thyristor control。
Electrical power supply and charged in series of three contrast between the thyristor and the parallel three-phase thyristor circuit control loop control of the motor conduction angle of the accused input voltage and current changes according to different requirements，Can achieve the required voltage and current，AC motors based on the principle of the principle of the soft starter，To achieve control of the external circuit，Microcontroller on the six-way through the trigger pulse control module, digital to analog conversion through the A / D, D / A，By phase shift control of current and voltage
Key words ： Asynchronous motor Soft starter SCR ADC
目 录
摘 要 ..........................................................................................I
Abstract......................................................................................II
第1章 绪论................................................................................. 1
1.1概述......................................................................................1
1.2异步电动机的启动问题..............................................................1
1.3国内外发展状况.......................................................................2
1.3.1国内发展状况.......................................................................2
1.3.2国外发展状况.......................................................................3
1.4电力电子软启动方法 ................................................................3
1.5本课题研究目的.......................................................................5
第2章 软启动器的基础理论.............................................................6
2.1软起动器的启动过程分析...........................................................6
2.2常用的启动方式.......................................................................6
2.3软起动器常用的几种停车方式.....................................................9
2.4本章小结................................................................................9
第3章 硬件电路设计.....................................................................10
3.1 系统总体框图 ........................................................................10
3.2电力电子软启动器的主电路........................................................11
3.3单片机的选择..........................................................................12
3.4同步电压检测电路.....................................................................13
3.5电流检测电路...........................................................................14
3.6电压检测电路...........................................................................14
3.7键盘与显示电路........................................................................15
3.8触发电路.................................................................................16
3.9通信电路.................................................................................16
3.10继电器驱动电路......................................................................17
3.11电源电路的设计......................................................................18
3.12本章小结...............................................................................19
第4章 系统软件设计.......................................................................20
4.1主程序设计..............................................................................20
4.2定时显示中断服务程序设计.........................................................21
4.3外中断服务程序设计 .................................................................21
4.4 A/D转换中断服务程序设计........................................................22
4.5定时触发脉冲算角计和控制命令程序设计....................................
