x7132数控铣床进给传动系统设计.rar

X7132数控铣床进给传动系统设计


摘要
   
数控铣床进给传动系统的作用是接受数控系统发出的进给速度和位移指令信号，由伺服驱动电路作转换和放大后，经伺服驱动装置（直流或交流伺服电动机、功率步进电动机、电液脉冲马达等）和机械传动机构，驱动机床的工作台、主轴头架等执行部件实现工作进给和快速运动。所以，机械传动部件的设计好坏对进给伺服单元的伺服性能影响很大。
目前，大多数传统X7132数控铣床采用步进电机通过与一对齿轮副（减速机构）连接带动丝杠旋转的传动结构方案（即齿轮传动方案），但这种方案增加了系统结构的复杂性以及生产成本，同时工作的传动精度和平稳性较低。所以，此处选择让步进电机同联轴器相连接进而带动丝杠旋转的传动方案（即联轴器传动方案），同齿轮传动方案相比，这不仅能减少产生误差的环节，简化系统结构和降低生产成本，同时能提高运动精度和动作灵敏度。
由于所要设计的铣床的进给速度较高及对铣床的运动精度、平稳性要求较高，所以此处选用滚珠丝杠传动。同螺纹传动相比，在高速情况下它更能满足设计要求，效率高、寿命长。
同时，根据设计要求选取了伺服电机、联轴器、导轨等，进而确定了床身、工作台、基座、滑座等的基本尺寸，并用Pro/E软件绘制了铣床进给机构的三维立体图形。

关键词　X7132数控铣床；联轴器传动；滚珠丝杠；伺服电机；Pro/E；

CNC Milling Machine X7132 feed drive system design          
Abstract

CNC milling machine feed drive system is accepted into the NC system issued instructions to the velocity and displacement signals, by the servo drive circuit for the conversion and amplification, by the servo drive system (DC or AC servo motor, stepper motor power, electro-hydraulic pulse motor, etc.) and mechanical transmission，The table-driven machine tool, spindle, such as the implementation of the first two components of work-feed and rapid movement. So, The design of mechanical transmission components of the mixed feed servo unit a great influence on the servo performance.
At present, most of the traditional CNC milling machine X7132 using stepper motor with a gear pair (deceleration institutions) to connect the drive rotary screw driven structure of the program (that is, programs Gear). However, this program has increased the complexity of system architecture, as well as the cost of production and transmission at the same time the work of lower accuracy and stability. So, here the same choice of concessions into the motor drive coupling is connected to the drive screw rotation program (that is, transmission coupling)，compared with the gear, which can not only reduce errors and simplification of system structure and lower production costs, while enhancing accuracy and sensitivity of action.
Due to the design of the milling machine to the higher feed rate and the movement of the milling machine precision, high stability requirements, the choice of ball screw drive here. Compared with the screw drive in the high-speed cases it can meet the design requirements, high efficiency, long life.
At the same time, in accordance with design requirements is selected servo motor, coupling, rail, etc. and then set the bed, table, pedestal, slide, etc. The basic size, And mapping Pro/E software into a milling machine to the body three-dimensional graphics.

Keywords　 CNC Milling Machine X7132；Transmission Couplings； Ball Screw； Servo motor；Pro/E；
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II

第1章 数控机床的发展趋势及国内现状 1
1.1 数控机床的发展趋势 1
1.2. 我国数控机床发展现状 5
第2章 X7132数控铣床的进给传动系统设计 6
2.1 进给传动系统的基本要求和主要参数 6
2.2进给传动系统的结构设计 7
2.3 滚珠丝杠及其螺母副的选择与校核 9
2.4 丝杠支承方式及支承轴承的选择 14
2.5 伺服电机和联轴器的选择 16
2.6 导轨的选择 21
2.7床身的设计 23
第3章 X7132数控铣床进给系统主要零件三维建模 25
3.1 Pro/E软件简介 25
3.2 主要零件的三维建模 25
结论 28
致谢 29
参考文献 30
附录A 31
附录B 37