步进电机毕业论文.doc

步进电机毕业论文

摘要

步进电机是将电脉冲信号转变为角位移或线位移的开环控制元件。在非超载的情况下，电机的转速、停止的位置只取决于脉冲信号的频率和脉冲数，而不受负载变化的影响，即给电机加一个脉冲信号，电机则转过一个步距角。这一线性关系的存在，加上步进电机只有周期性的误差而无累积误差等特点，使得在速度、位置等控制领域用步进电机来控制变得非常的简单。步进电机的调速一般是改变输入步进电机的脉冲的频率来实现的。因为每给一个脉冲步进电机就转动一个固定的角度，这样就可以通过控制步进电机的一个脉冲到下一个脉冲的时间间隔来改变脉冲的频率，以延时的长短来具体控制步进角来改变电机的转速，从而实现步进电机的调速。在本设计方案中采用STC12C5A32AD型单片机内部的定时器改变CP脉冲的频率实现对步进电机的转速进行控制，同时通过编程决定脉冲发生个数来实现位置的精确定位。

关键词：步进电机、单片机、调速、功率驱动、细分

Designed of Stepping Motor Controller for the Terminals Connecting System

ABSTRACT

Stepping motor is the open loop control component which transforms electrical signals to angular or line displacement. In the none overload of circumstances,the speed of stepping motor only depends on the frequency of the pulse signal,while the stop position depends on the pulse count,but not the load.It is to say that the stepping motor turns a step angle when given a pulse signal.The existence of linear relationship between  the pulse count and the displacement, and a step-motor only periodically Error while no accumulated error,that make it easy to use stepper motor to control in the speed and position control Field.The stepping motor Speed is generally change with the frequency of the input pulse signal.For each pulse signal,the stepping motor will turn a fixed angel. we can control the legth of time between two pulses to change the frequency of the pulses, so as to realize the stepper motor speed.In This design the internal timer of the STC12C5A32AD type of single-chip was adoptted to generate a series of changable frequency pulses to speed the stepper motor. While the number of pulses generating decided by programming to accurately position.

KEY WORDS：Stepping Motor, Microcontroller
Speed , Power Drive, Subdivide

目录
前　言                                                     
第1章 序论 
§1.1 目前国内外端子压线机发展现状 
§1.2 瑞子压线机的系统组成 
§1.3 研究的目的和任务 
第2章 步进电机概述 
§2.1步进电机的特点 
§2.2步进电机控制原理 
§2.2.1步进电机控制基本原理 
§2.2.2 步进电机的起停控制 
§2.2.3 步进电机的加减速控制                                  
§2.2.4 步进电机的换向控制                                    
§2.3 步进电机的技术参数 
§2.3.1 步进电机的基本参数 
§2.3.2  步进电机的动态指示及术语                             
§2.4 步进电机的分类 
§2.5 步进电机的驱动                                       
§2.5.1单电压功率驱动                                 
§2.5.2 双电压驱动                                    
§2.5.3 高低压驱动                                    
§2.5.4 斩波恒流驱动                                  
§2.5.5 升频升压功率驱动                              
§2.5.6 集成功率驱动                                  
§2.5.7 细分驱动                                      
第3章 方案的论证 
§3.1 控制方式的确定 
§3.2 驱动方式的确定 
§3.3 驱动电路的选择                                             
§3.4 基本方案的确定                                             
第4章 硬件电路的设计 
§4.1 单片机的选择 
§4.1.1 单片机的引脚功能                                      
§4.1.2 单片机主要特性                                        
§4.2 显示电路的选择 
§4.2.1 LCD1602液晶模块特点 
§4.2.2 LCD1602接口信号说明 
§4.2.3 LCD1602外型尺寸                                
§4.2.4 LCD1602 RAM映射图                             
§4.2.5 LCD1602字符发生存储器                          
§4.2.6 LCD1602 指令说明                               
§4.2.7 LCD1602 接口时序                               
§4.3人机交互式键盘设计 
§4.4 控制电路总原理图                                      
§4.5 步进电机驱动电路设计                                  
§4.5.1 THB6016H 特性                                  
§4.5.2 THB6016H 管脚说明                              
§4.5.3 THB6016H 原理框图                              
§4.5.4 驱动电路总原理图                                
§4.6 电源电路设计                                          
§4.7 抗干扰设计                                            
结　论 
参考文献 
致　谢 
附　录