智能转速测量系统的软件设计.doc

智能转速测量系统的软件设计
摘 要
转速是工程中应用非常广泛的一个参数，其测量方法较多，随着单片机对脉冲数字信号的处理能力越来越强大，使得全数字量系统越来越普及，并且使转速测量系统也可以用全数字化处理。
本文在对了解转速测量理论与掌握单片机原理的基础上，根据硬件设计，提出系统程序设计方案，构建软件系统，以实现智能转速测量与显示的功能。
本设计根据基于AT89C51单片机的测速测量电路，设计出转速测量软件系统，此系统包含系统初始化程序的设计、键盘扫描程序的设计、数据接收和处理程序的设计、显示程序的设计四个模块。对所设计的软件系统通过μVision3软件对其进行程序调试。最后，对构建的系统利用设计的电路进行调试，对测量指标进行了分析、比较并提出改进方案。在设计中测量方法采用M法进行测量，编译语言采用C语言进行编译。
    本课题完成了软件系统的设计，实现了智能转速系统的转速计算、显示功能，同时实现键盘的开始/停止功能，完成了设计的要求。
关键词：单片机 转速测量 软件设计
Intelligent rotational speed measurement system of software design
Abstract
Rotational speed is the engineering of a very wide range of parameters, its measurement more, with the SCM digital signal on the pulse of more and more powerful processing capability, making the volume of all-digital system is becoming increasingly popular, and so rotational speed measurement system can be used to deal with all-digital.
In this paper, the understanding of the theory and master rotational speed measurement based on the principle of SCM, the system program design, to build software systems, compiler, in order to achieve intelligent Rotational speed measurement and display functions.      In this paper, accroding to the tachometric survey system based on the SCM of AT89C51, I designed the software part of it. This system includes four module: the initializer code design, the keyboard scanning code design, the data receiving and processing code design and the displaying code design. I set up them using the software ofμVision3. At last, the builded system is setted up through circuit. The measured index were analysed and compared and the improved programmes were proposed. M method was adopt in the measuring and the language of C was adopt to comple.
The design of software system of this project is completed. The function of   calculating and displaying the speed of rotation and the beginning and stoping of keyboard are finished. Finally I achevie the requirment of design.

Key words: SCM  tachometric survey  Software Design
 
目录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
1  绪论 1
1．1课题研究目的和意义 1
1．2转速测量在国内外研究情况 1
1．3主要内容和存在的问题 2
1．3．1研究的主要内容 2
1．3．2需解决的问题 2
2  基于单片机的转速测量方法及原理 3
2.1单片机测量转速的方法 3
2.2转速测量原理 4
2.2.1测周期法“T法” 4
2.2.2测频法“M法” 4
2.2.3测频测周法M/T法 5
3  智能转速测量系统的硬件结构 7
3.1系统的硬件结构 7
3.2硬件电路中主要部件的介绍 9
4  智能转速测量系统的软件设计 11
4.1单片机C51的介绍 11
4.1.1单片机C语言与汇编语言 11
4.1.2 C51对标准C语言的扩展 12
4.2程序设计 12
4.2.1工作方式及控制字设置 12
4.2.2变量分配及程序的初始化 14
4.2.3显示功能的实现 15
4.2.4键盘的功能的实现与设计 17
4.3系统流程 17
5  程序调试及固化 18
5．1单片机开发平台简介 18
5．2本系统开发平台 18
5.2.1keil C51软件集成开发环境 18
5.2.2程序调试 18
6  结论 22
6.1主要研究结论 22
6.2研究展望 23
参考文献 24
致  谢 26
附录 1 电路图 29
附录 2 源程序 30