毕业设计 两轴微机伺服工作台的设计.rar
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Õª Òª I
ABSTRACT II
µÚ1Õ Ð÷ÂÛ 1
1.1 Ç°ÑÔ 1
1.2 »úµçÒ»Ì廯ϵͳ×ÛÊö 1
1.2.1 »úµçÒ»Ì廯ϵͳµÄ»ù±¾¹¹³É 1
1.2.2 »úµçÒ»Ì廯ϵͳµÄºËÐļ¼Êõ 3
1.2.3 »úµçÒ»Ì廯µÄ·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ 3
µÚ2Õ ×ÜÌå·½°¸Éè¼Æ 5
2.1 È·¶¨Ö÷Òª²ÎÊý 5
2.2 »úе´«¶¯²¿¼þµÄÑ¡Ôñ 5
2.2.1 µ¼¹ì¸±µÄÑ¡Óà 5
2.2.2 Ë¿¸ÜÂÝĸ¸±µÄÑ¡Óà 5
2.2.3 ¼õËÙ×°ÖõÄÑ¡Óà 6
2.2.4 ËÅ·þµç¶¯»úµÄÑ¡Óà 6
2.2.5 ¿ØÖÆϵͳµÄÑ¡Óà 6
2.3 ¿ØÖÆϵͳµÄÉè¼Æ 6
2.4 ϵͳ×ÜÌå¿òͼ 6
µÚ3Õ »úеÉè¼Æ²¿·Ö 8
3.1 ¹¤×÷̨µÄÍâÐγߴ缰ÖØÁ¿³õ²½¹ÀËã 8
3.2 ×êÏ÷Á¦ºÍϳÏ÷Á¦µÄ¼ÆËã 9
3.2.1 ×êÏ÷Á¦£¨ÖáÏò£©µÄ¼ÆËã 9
3.2.2 ϳÏ÷Á¦µÄ¼ÆËã 9
3.3 ¹ö¶¯µ¼¹ìµÄÑ¡Óà 10
3.3.1 µ¼¹ì¹¤×÷¸ºÔؼÆËã 10
3.3.2 ¿é³ÐÊܹ¤×÷ÔØºÉ µÄ¼ÆËã 11
3.3.3 ¾àÀë¶î¶¨ÊÙÃüLµÄ¼ÆËã 11
3.4 ¹öÖéË¿¸ÜµÄ¼ÆËãºÍÑ¡Ôñ 12
3.4.1 ×î´ó¹¤×÷ÔغÉFmµÄ¼ÆËã 12
3.4.2 ×î´ó¶¯¹¤×÷ÔغÉFQµÄ¼ÆËã 12
3.5 ÐͺŵÄÑ¡ÔñÓëУºË 12
3.5.1 ¹æ¸ñÐͺŵijõÑ¡ 12
3.5.2 ´«¶¯Ð§ÂʦǵļÆËã 13
3.5.3 ¸Õ¶ÈµÄÑéËã 13
3.5.4 ѹ¸ËÎȶ¨ÐÔУºË 14
3.6 ²½½øµç¶¯»ú¼õËÙÏäµÄÑ¡Óà 14
3.7 ²½½øµç¶¯»úµÄ¼ÆËãÓëÑ¡ÐÍ 15
3.7.1 ¼ÆËã¼ÓÔÚ²½½øµç¶¯»úתÖáÉϵÄ×Üת¶¯¹ßÁ¿Jeq 15
3.7.2 ¼ÆËã¼ÓÔÚ²½½øµç¶¯»úתÖáÉϵĵÈЧ¸ºÔØת¾ØTeq 16
3.7.3 ²½½øµç¶¯»ú×î´ó¾²×ª¾ØµÄÑ¡¶¨ 17
3.7.4 ²½½øµç¶¯»úµÄÐÔÄÜУºË 18
µÚ4Õ ¿ØÖÆϵͳӲ¼þÉè¼Æ 20
4.1 Ö÷¿ØÖÆÆ÷CPUµÄÑ¡Ôñ 20
4.2 ¿É±à³ÌRAM/IOоƬ8155H 22
4.3 ¼üÅÌÓëÏÔʾµç·Éè¼Æ 22
4.4 I/O¿ÚµÄ·ÖÅä 23
4.5 Çý¶¯ÏµÍ³Éè¼Æ 23
4.6 ´«¸ÐÆ÷ºÍ¿ØÖÆÃæ°åÉè¼Æ 25
µÚ5Õ ¿ØÖÆϵͳÈí¼þÉè¼Æ 27
5.1 Ö÷Á÷³Ìͼ 27
5.2 ²½½øµç¶¯»úλÖÿØÖÆ 27
5.3 ²½½øµç¶¯»úµÄ¼Ó¼õËÙ¿ØÖÆ 28
5.4 »æÖÆͼ»¡³ÌÐòÁ÷³Ìͼ 29
µÚ6Õ ϵͳÎó²î·ÖÎö 31
6.1 Îó²îµÄÀ´Ô´ 31
6.2 ¿ØÖÆϵͳÎó²î 31
6.2.1 ²½½øµç»úʧ²½ÔÒòºÍ½â¾ö°ì·¨ 31
6.2.2 ²½½øµç»úÔ½²½ÔÒòºÍ½â¾ö°ì·¨ 32
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6.3 ½ø¸øϵͳµÄÎó²î 32
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Á½ÖáÊý¿Ø¹¤×÷̨»úµçϵͳÉè¼ÆÊÇÒ»¸ö¿ª»·¿ØÖÆϵͳ,Æä½á¹¹¼òµ¥£¬ÊµÏÖ·½±ã¶øÇÒÄܹ»±£Ö¤Ò»¶¨µÄ¾«¶È£¬½µµÍ³É±¾,ÊÇ΢»ú¿ØÖƼ¼ÊõµÄ×î¼òµ¥µÄÓ¦Ó᣿ª»·¿ØÖÆÄ@@ä·ÖµÄÀûÓÃ΢»úµÄÈí¼þ¡¢Ó²¼þ¹¦ÄÜÒÔʵÏÖ¶Ô»ú´²µÄ¿ØÖÆ£¬Ê¹»ú´²µÄ¼Ó¹¤·¶Î§À©´ó, ½øÒ»²½Ìá¸ß»ú´²µÄ¾«¶ÈºÍ¿É¿¿ÐÔ¡£±¾ÎÄ»úе²¿·Ö²ÉÓò½½øµç¶¯»úͨ¹ý³ÝÂÖ¼õËÙÆ÷´ø¶¯¹öÖéË¿¸ÜÍ϶¯¹¤×÷̨ÔÚÖ±Ïß¹ö¶¯µ¼¹ì¸±ÉÏÔ˶¯£¬ÆäÖУ¬²½½øµç¶¯»úÑ¡ÓÃ90BYG22602Ðͺš£¹¤×÷̨¿ØÖƲ¿·ÖÒÔAT89C51µ¥Æ¬»úΪºËÐÄ£¬×÷ΪÖ÷¿ØÆ÷£»ÀûÓÃ8155HоƬʵÏÖÓë¼üÅÌ/ÏÔʾÆ÷µÄÁ¬½Ó£»Ñ¡Ôñ²½½øµç»úÅäÌ×Çý¶¯Æ÷BD28Nb Çý¶¯²½½øµç¶¯»úʵÏÖ¼Ó¡¢ ¼õËÙ¡¢¼±Í£µÈ²Ù×÷£¬´Ó¶øʵÏÖ¶Ô¹¤×÷̨µÄ¿ØÖÆ¡£
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ABSTRACT
Summary two-axis CNC Workbench is an open-loop control system for mechanical and electrical systems design, its structure is simple, easy and can guarantee a certain degree of accuracy, reduce costs, is the simplest application of microcomputer control technology. Open-loop control can make full use of computer software and hardware capabilities for control of the machine tool, machine tool machining range of expanded, further improve the accuracy and reliability of machine tools. Machinery section of this article adopts stepping motor by dragging the table in gear-driven ball screw linear rolling guide on movement, of which, step motor selection 90BYG22602 model. Table control section AT89C51 microcontroller as the core, as master; leverage 8,155H chip for connection to the keyboard/monitor; select stepping motor drive BD28Nb-drive stepper motors for operations such as addition, deceleration and emergency stop, enabling control over the table.
KEY WORDS: Stepper motors, Microcontroller, 8155H chips, Workbenc
Õª Òª I
ABSTRACT II
µÚ1Õ Ð÷ÂÛ 1
1.1 Ç°ÑÔ 1
1.2 »úµçÒ»Ì廯ϵͳ×ÛÊö 1
1.2.1 »úµçÒ»Ì廯ϵͳµÄ»ù±¾¹¹³É 1
1.2.2 »úµçÒ»Ì廯ϵͳµÄºËÐļ¼Êõ 3
1.2.3 »úµçÒ»Ì廯µÄ·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ 3
µÚ2Õ ×ÜÌå·½°¸Éè¼Æ 5
2.1 È·¶¨Ö÷Òª²ÎÊý 5
2.2 »úе´«¶¯²¿¼þµÄÑ¡Ôñ 5
2.2.1 µ¼¹ì¸±µÄÑ¡Óà 5
2.2.2 Ë¿¸ÜÂÝĸ¸±µÄÑ¡Óà 5
2.2.3 ¼õËÙ×°ÖõÄÑ¡Óà 6
2.2.4 ËÅ·þµç¶¯»úµÄÑ¡Óà 6
2.2.5 ¿ØÖÆϵͳµÄÑ¡Óà 6
2.3 ¿ØÖÆϵͳµÄÉè¼Æ 6
2.4 ϵͳ×ÜÌå¿òͼ 6
µÚ3Õ »úеÉè¼Æ²¿·Ö 8
3.1 ¹¤×÷̨µÄÍâÐγߴ缰ÖØÁ¿³õ²½¹ÀËã 8
3.2 ×êÏ÷Á¦ºÍϳÏ÷Á¦µÄ¼ÆËã 9
3.2.1 ×êÏ÷Á¦£¨ÖáÏò£©µÄ¼ÆËã 9
3.2.2 ϳÏ÷Á¦µÄ¼ÆËã 9
3.3 ¹ö¶¯µ¼¹ìµÄÑ¡Óà 10
3.3.1 µ¼¹ì¹¤×÷¸ºÔؼÆËã 10
3.3.2 ¿é³ÐÊܹ¤×÷ÔØºÉ µÄ¼ÆËã 11
3.3.3 ¾àÀë¶î¶¨ÊÙÃüLµÄ¼ÆËã 11
3.4 ¹öÖéË¿¸ÜµÄ¼ÆËãºÍÑ¡Ôñ 12
3.4.1 ×î´ó¹¤×÷ÔغÉFmµÄ¼ÆËã 12
3.4.2 ×î´ó¶¯¹¤×÷ÔغÉFQµÄ¼ÆËã 12
3.5 ÐͺŵÄÑ¡ÔñÓëУºË 12
3.5.1 ¹æ¸ñÐͺŵijõÑ¡ 12
3.5.2 ´«¶¯Ð§ÂʦǵļÆËã 13
3.5.3 ¸Õ¶ÈµÄÑéËã 13
3.5.4 ѹ¸ËÎȶ¨ÐÔУºË 14
3.6 ²½½øµç¶¯»ú¼õËÙÏäµÄÑ¡Óà 14
3.7 ²½½øµç¶¯»úµÄ¼ÆËãÓëÑ¡ÐÍ 15
3.7.1 ¼ÆËã¼ÓÔÚ²½½øµç¶¯»úתÖáÉϵÄ×Üת¶¯¹ßÁ¿Jeq 15
3.7.2 ¼ÆËã¼ÓÔÚ²½½øµç¶¯»úתÖáÉϵĵÈЧ¸ºÔØת¾ØTeq 16
3.7.3 ²½½øµç¶¯»ú×î´ó¾²×ª¾ØµÄÑ¡¶¨ 17
3.7.4 ²½½øµç¶¯»úµÄÐÔÄÜУºË 18
µÚ4Õ ¿ØÖÆϵͳӲ¼þÉè¼Æ 20
4.1 Ö÷¿ØÖÆÆ÷CPUµÄÑ¡Ôñ 20
4.2 ¿É±à³ÌRAM/IOоƬ8155H 22
4.3 ¼üÅÌÓëÏÔʾµç·Éè¼Æ 22
4.4 I/O¿ÚµÄ·ÖÅä 23
4.5 Çý¶¯ÏµÍ³Éè¼Æ 23
4.6 ´«¸ÐÆ÷ºÍ¿ØÖÆÃæ°åÉè¼Æ 25
µÚ5Õ ¿ØÖÆϵͳÈí¼þÉè¼Æ 27
5.1 Ö÷Á÷³Ìͼ 27
5.2 ²½½øµç¶¯»úλÖÿØÖÆ 27
5.3 ²½½øµç¶¯»úµÄ¼Ó¼õËÙ¿ØÖÆ 28
5.4 »æÖÆͼ»¡³ÌÐòÁ÷³Ìͼ 29
µÚ6Õ ϵͳÎó²î·ÖÎö 31
6.1 Îó²îµÄÀ´Ô´ 31
6.2 ¿ØÖÆϵͳÎó²î 31
6.2.1 ²½½øµç»úʧ²½ÔÒòºÍ½â¾ö°ì·¨ 31
6.2.2 ²½½øµç»úÔ½²½ÔÒòºÍ½â¾ö°ì·¨ 32
6.2.3 ±¾Éè¼ÆÖвÉÓõķ½·¨ 32
6.3 ½ø¸øϵͳµÄÎó²î 32
6.3.1 ³ÝÂÖ´«¶¯¼ä϶ 32
6.3.2 ¹öÖùË¿¸ÜÖáÏò¼ä϶µÄÏû³ý 33
È«ÎÄ×ܽá 35
Ö л 36
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Õª Òª
Á½ÖáÊý¿Ø¹¤×÷̨»úµçϵͳÉè¼ÆÊÇÒ»¸ö¿ª»·¿ØÖÆϵͳ,Æä½á¹¹¼òµ¥£¬ÊµÏÖ·½±ã¶øÇÒÄܹ»±£Ö¤Ò»¶¨µÄ¾«¶È£¬½µµÍ³É±¾,ÊÇ΢»ú¿ØÖƼ¼ÊõµÄ×î¼òµ¥µÄÓ¦Ó᣿ª»·¿ØÖÆÄ@@ä·ÖµÄÀûÓÃ΢»úµÄÈí¼þ¡¢Ó²¼þ¹¦ÄÜÒÔʵÏÖ¶Ô»ú´²µÄ¿ØÖÆ£¬Ê¹»ú´²µÄ¼Ó¹¤·¶Î§À©´ó, ½øÒ»²½Ìá¸ß»ú´²µÄ¾«¶ÈºÍ¿É¿¿ÐÔ¡£±¾ÎÄ»úе²¿·Ö²ÉÓò½½øµç¶¯»úͨ¹ý³ÝÂÖ¼õËÙÆ÷´ø¶¯¹öÖéË¿¸ÜÍ϶¯¹¤×÷̨ÔÚÖ±Ïß¹ö¶¯µ¼¹ì¸±ÉÏÔ˶¯£¬ÆäÖУ¬²½½øµç¶¯»úÑ¡ÓÃ90BYG22602Ðͺš£¹¤×÷̨¿ØÖƲ¿·ÖÒÔAT89C51µ¥Æ¬»úΪºËÐÄ£¬×÷ΪÖ÷¿ØÆ÷£»ÀûÓÃ8155HоƬʵÏÖÓë¼üÅÌ/ÏÔʾÆ÷µÄÁ¬½Ó£»Ñ¡Ôñ²½½øµç»úÅäÌ×Çý¶¯Æ÷BD28Nb Çý¶¯²½½øµç¶¯»úʵÏÖ¼Ó¡¢ ¼õËÙ¡¢¼±Í£µÈ²Ù×÷£¬´Ó¶øʵÏÖ¶Ô¹¤×÷̨µÄ¿ØÖÆ¡£
¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º²½½øµç¶¯»ú£¬µ¥Æ¬»ú£¬8155HоƬ£¬¹¤×÷̨
ABSTRACT
Summary two-axis CNC Workbench is an open-loop control system for mechanical and electrical systems design, its structure is simple, easy and can guarantee a certain degree of accuracy, reduce costs, is the simplest application of microcomputer control technology. Open-loop control can make full use of computer software and hardware capabilities for control of the machine tool, machine tool machining range of expanded, further improve the accuracy and reliability of machine tools. Machinery section of this article adopts stepping motor by dragging the table in gear-driven ball screw linear rolling guide on movement, of which, step motor selection 90BYG22602 model. Table control section AT89C51 microcontroller as the core, as master; leverage 8,155H chip for connection to the keyboard/monitor; select stepping motor drive BD28Nb-drive stepper motors for operations such as addition, deceleration and emergency stop, enabling control over the table.
KEY WORDS: Stepper motors, Microcontroller, 8155H chips, Workbenc
