数字化测图.doc
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数字化测图,摘 要是近几年随着计算机、地面测量仪器、软件的应用而迅速发展起来的全新内容，广泛用于测绘生产、水利水电工程、土地管理、城市规划、环境保护和军事工程等部门。作为一种全解析机助测图技术,与模拟测图相比具有显著优势和发展前景，是测绘发展的技术前言。目前许多测绘部门已经形成了数字图的规模生产。作为...
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摘 要
数字化测图是近几年随着计算机、地面测量仪器、数字化测图软件的应用而迅速发展起来的全新内容，广泛用于测绘生产、水利水电工程、土地管理、城市规划、环境保护和军事工程等部门。数字化测图作为一种全解析机助测图技术,与模拟测图相比具有显著优势和发展前景，是测绘发展的技术前言。目前许多测绘部门已经形成了数字图的规模生产。作为反映测绘技术现代化水平的标志之一，数字测图技术将逐步取代人工模拟测图，成为地形测图的主流。数字测图技术的应用发展,极大的促进了测绘行业的自动化和现代化进程。使测量的成果不仅有绘在纸上的地形图，还有方便传输、处理、共享的基础信息，即数字地图。是GIS的子系统。它将为信息时代地理信息的应用发展提供最可靠的保障。简要阐述了数字化测图的概念及所引起的变革，介绍了野外数据的采集及全站仪在其中的运用与注意事项。概述了1:10000地形图在内业数字化生产中的流程及各部分的工作内容。从结构功能上分析了地理信息系统的概念及主要研究内容，并且对当前地理信息系统研究中的几个热点研究领域，如面向对象技术、三维技术、图像处理和人工智能技术等作了简要介绍。
ABSTRACT
The digitized mapping is in recent years along with the computer, the ground survey instrument, the brand-new content which but the digitized mapping software application develops rapidly, widely uses in surveying and drawing departments and so on production, water conservation water and electricity project, land management, urban planning, environmental protection and military engineering. The digitized mapping took one kind of entire analytical engine helps the mapping technology, compares with the simulation mapping has the remarkable superiority and the prospects for development, is surveys and draws the development the technical foreword. At present many mapping departments already have formed the digital chart scale production. One of as reflection mapping technological modernity level symbols, the digital mapping technology gradually will substitute for the manual simulation mapping, will become the terrain mapping the mainstream. The application and development of digital mapping technology promote mapping profession automation and modernized advancement. Not only enable the survey the achievement to have draws on the paper the topographic diagram, but also has the convenience transmission, processing, the sharing foundation information, namely digital map. Is the GIS subsystem? It will provide the most reliable safeguard for the information age geography information application development. Elaborated briefly the digitized mapping concept and causes the transformation, introduced field data gathering and the entire station meter among utilization and the matters needing attention. Has outlined 1:10000 topographic diagrams in office work digitization production flow and various part of work content. Has analyzed the geographic information system concept and the main research content from the structure function, and to in current geographic information system research several hot spot research area, as if talking to you face to face to the object technology, the three dimensional technology, the imagery processing and the artificial intelligence technology and so on has made the brief introduction.
目 录
1 地理信息 1
1.1 地理信息的定义 1
1.2 地理信息的研究内容 2
1.3 地理信息系统的发展动态 4
2 系统的数字测图 5
2.1 数字测图的概念 5
2.2 数字测图的基本思想 5
2.3 数字测图的作业过程 5
3 数字测图系统 7
3.1 数字化的方法 7
3.2 数据编码 7
4 全站仪的检验和校正 9
4.1 经纬仪在水平观测时应满足的条件 9
4.2 野外数据采集 10
5 准备工作 11
6 Cass3.0系统简码输入 13
7 精密测角的误差影响 14
7.1 外界条件的影响 14
7.2 水平度盘位移的影响 14
7.3 照准部旋转不正确的影响 14
7.4 照准部水平微动螺旋作用不正确的影响 14
7.5 垂直微动螺旋作用不正确的影响。 15
8 精密测角的一般原则 16
结 论 17
致 谢 18
参考文献 19
数字化测图是近几年随着计算机、地面测量仪器、数字化测图软件的应用而迅速发展起来的全新内容，广泛用于测绘生产、水利水电工程、土地管理、城市规划、环境保护和军事工程等部门。数字化测图作为一种全解析机助测图技术,与模拟测图相比具有显著优势和发展前景，是测绘发展的技术前言。目前许多测绘部门已经形成了数字图的规模生产。作为反映测绘技术现代化水平的标志之一，数字测图技术将逐步取代人工模拟测图，成为地形测图的主流。数字测图技术的应用发展,极大的促进了测绘行业的自动化和现代化进程。使测量的成果不仅有绘在纸上的地形图，还有方便传输、处理、共享的基础信息，即数字地图。是GIS的子系统。它将为信息时代地理信息的应用发展提供最可靠的保障。简要阐述了数字化测图的概念及所引起的变革，介绍了野外数据的采集及全站仪在其中的运用与注意事项。概述了1:10000地形图在内业数字化生产中的流程及各部分的工作内容。从结构功能上分析了地理信息系统的概念及主要研究内容，并且对当前地理信息系统研究中的几个热点研究领域，如面向对象技术、三维技术、图像处理和人工智能技术等作了简要介绍。
ABSTRACT
The digitized mapping is in recent years along with the computer, the ground survey instrument, the brand-new content which but the digitized mapping software application develops rapidly, widely uses in surveying and drawing departments and so on production, water conservation water and electricity project, land management, urban planning, environmental protection and military engineering. The digitized mapping took one kind of entire analytical engine helps the mapping technology, compares with the simulation mapping has the remarkable superiority and the prospects for development, is surveys and draws the development the technical foreword. At present many mapping departments already have formed the digital chart scale production. One of as reflection mapping technological modernity level symbols, the digital mapping technology gradually will substitute for the manual simulation mapping, will become the terrain mapping the mainstream. The application and development of digital mapping technology promote mapping profession automation and modernized advancement. Not only enable the survey the achievement to have draws on the paper the topographic diagram, but also has the convenience transmission, processing, the sharing foundation information, namely digital map. Is the GIS subsystem? It will provide the most reliable safeguard for the information age geography information application development. Elaborated briefly the digitized mapping concept and causes the transformation, introduced field data gathering and the entire station meter among utilization and the matters needing attention. Has outlined 1:10000 topographic diagrams in office work digitization production flow and various part of work content. Has analyzed the geographic information system concept and the main research content from the structure function, and to in current geographic information system research several hot spot research area, as if talking to you face to face to the object technology, the three dimensional technology, the imagery processing and the artificial intelligence technology and so on has made the brief introduction.
目 录
1 地理信息 1
1.1 地理信息的定义 1
1.2 地理信息的研究内容 2
1.3 地理信息系统的发展动态 4
2 系统的数字测图 5
2.1 数字测图的概念 5
2.2 数字测图的基本思想 5
2.3 数字测图的作业过程 5
3 数字测图系统 7
3.1 数字化的方法 7
3.2 数据编码 7
4 全站仪的检验和校正 9
4.1 经纬仪在水平观测时应满足的条件 9
4.2 野外数据采集 10
5 准备工作 11
6 Cass3.0系统简码输入 13
7 精密测角的误差影响 14
7.1 外界条件的影响 14
7.2 水平度盘位移的影响 14
7.3 照准部旋转不正确的影响 14
7.4 照准部水平微动螺旋作用不正确的影响 14
7.5 垂直微动螺旋作用不正确的影响。 15
8 精密测角的一般原则 16
结 论 17
致 谢 18
参考文献 19
