毕业论文 齿轮减速器的优化设计.docx
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毕业论文 齿轮减速器的优化设计,摘要 齿轮传动是现代机械中应用最广的一种传动形式。它的主要优点是：① 瞬时传动比恒定、工作平稳、传动准确可靠可传递空间任意两轴之间的运动和动力；② 适用的功率和速度范围广；③ 传动效率高，η=0.92-0.98；④ 工作可靠、使用寿命长；⑤ 外轮廓尺寸小、结构紧凑。由齿轮、轴、轴承及箱体组成的齿轮减速器,用于原动机和工...
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摘 要
齿轮传动是现代机械中应用最广的一种传动形式。它的主要优点是：
① 瞬时传动比恒定、工作平稳、传动准确可靠可传递空间任意两轴之间的运动和动力；
② 适用的功率和速度范围广；
③ 传动效率高，η=0.92-0.98；
④ 工作可靠、使用寿命长；
⑤ 外轮廓尺寸小、结构紧凑。由齿轮、轴、轴承及箱体组成的齿轮减速器,用于原动机和工作机或执行机构之间,起匹配转速和传递转矩的作用,在现代机械中应用极为广泛。
国内的减速器多以齿轮传动、蜗杆传动为主，但普遍存在着功率与重量比小，或者传动比大而机械效率过低的问题。另外，材料品质和工艺水平上还有许多弱点，特别是大型的减速器问题更突出，使用寿命不长。国外的减速器，以德国、丹麦和日本处于领先地位，特别在材料和制造工艺方面占据优势，减速器工作可靠性好，使用寿命长。但其传动形式仍以定轴齿轮传动为主，体积和重量问题，也未解决好。
当今的减速器是向着大功率、大传动比、小体积、高机械效率以及使用寿命长的方向发展。减速器与电动机的连体结构，也是大力开拓的形式，并已生产多种结构形式和多种功率型号的产品。近十几年来,由于近代计算机技术与数控技术的发展，使得机械加工精度，加工效率大大提高，从而推动了机械传动产品的多样化，整机配套的模块化，标准化，以及造型设计艺术化，使产品更加精致，美观化。
针对减速器存在的问题，本课题采用优化设计的方法，力求使减速器的体积达到最小，建立数学模型，并通过matlab语言编辑后，得到一组优化数据，到达预期目标，使减速器的体积比传统的经验设计结果减小20%--30%。并对输出轴做了机械加工工艺分析。
关键字：减速器 优化设计 齿轮 机械传动
Abstract
Wheel gear's spreading to move is a the most wide kind of the application spreads to move a form in the modern machine.Its main advantage BE:The
① spreads to move to settle, work than in a moment steady, spread to move accurate credibility, can deliver space arbitrarily sport and the motive of the of two stalks;Power and speed scope
② applies are wide;
③ spreads to move an efficiency high, η =0.92-0.98;
④ work is dependable, service life long;
⑤ Outline size outside the is small, structure tightly packed.The wheel gear constituted to°from wheel gear, stalk, bearings and box body decelerates a machine, useding for prime mover and work machine or performance organization of, have already matched to turn soon and deliver a function of turning , the application is extremely extensive in the modern machine.
⑥ Local deceleration machine much with the wheel gear spread to move, the pole spread to move for lord, but widespread exist power and weight ratio small, or spread to move ratio big but the machine efficiency lead a low problem.There are also many weaknesses on material quality and craft level moreover, the especially large deceleration machine's problem is more outstanding, the service life isn't long.The deceleration machine of abroad, with Germany, Denmark and Japan be placed in to lead a position, occupying advantage in the material and the manufacturing craft specially, decelerating the machine work credibility like, service life long.But it spreads to move a form to still take settling stalk wheel gear to spread to move as lord, physical volume and weight problem, don't also resolve like
The direction which decelerates a machine to is the facing big power and spread to move ratio, small physical volume, high machine efficiency and service life to grow greatly nowadays develops.Decelerating the connecting of machine and electric motor body structure is also the form which expands strongly, and have already produced various structure forms and various products of power model numbers.Be close to ten several in the last yearses, control a technical development because of the modern calculator technique and the number, make the machine process accuracy, process an efficiency to raise consumedly, pushed a machine to spread the diversification of movable property article thus, the mold piece of the whole machine kit turns, standardizing, and shape design the art turn, making product more fine, the beauty turns.
For the reducer problem, the issue of optimal design approach in effort to minimize the size reducer, made the mathematical model, and edited by matlab language, get a set of optimal data to reach the target, so that the volume reducer experience than the traditional design results was reduced by 20%-30%. And the output shaft of the machining process of doing .
Key words：Reduction gear、 Optimal design、gear 、mechanical drive
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
绪论 2
1 优化设计 3
1.1原始数据及优化目标 3
1.2优化方案的选择 3
1.3数学模型的建立 4
1.4算法的选取与建立 7
1.5 matlab语言程序编辑 9
2 轴承和传动轴的设计 13
2.1.轴的结构设计 13
2.2 轴的强度校核 15
3 键、联轴器和电动机的选择计算 20
3.1 键的选择计算 20
3.2 联轴器设计 20
3.3 电动机的选择 21
4 箱体结构及其附件的设计 22
4.1 箱体结构的设计 22
4.2 附件设计 22
4.3 润滑密封设计 24
5 减速箱输出轴的工艺性分析 25
5.1 输出轴整体工艺分析 25
5.2 选择..
齿轮传动是现代机械中应用最广的一种传动形式。它的主要优点是：
① 瞬时传动比恒定、工作平稳、传动准确可靠可传递空间任意两轴之间的运动和动力；
② 适用的功率和速度范围广；
③ 传动效率高，η=0.92-0.98；
④ 工作可靠、使用寿命长；
⑤ 外轮廓尺寸小、结构紧凑。由齿轮、轴、轴承及箱体组成的齿轮减速器,用于原动机和工作机或执行机构之间,起匹配转速和传递转矩的作用,在现代机械中应用极为广泛。
国内的减速器多以齿轮传动、蜗杆传动为主，但普遍存在着功率与重量比小，或者传动比大而机械效率过低的问题。另外，材料品质和工艺水平上还有许多弱点，特别是大型的减速器问题更突出，使用寿命不长。国外的减速器，以德国、丹麦和日本处于领先地位，特别在材料和制造工艺方面占据优势，减速器工作可靠性好，使用寿命长。但其传动形式仍以定轴齿轮传动为主，体积和重量问题，也未解决好。
当今的减速器是向着大功率、大传动比、小体积、高机械效率以及使用寿命长的方向发展。减速器与电动机的连体结构，也是大力开拓的形式，并已生产多种结构形式和多种功率型号的产品。近十几年来,由于近代计算机技术与数控技术的发展，使得机械加工精度，加工效率大大提高，从而推动了机械传动产品的多样化，整机配套的模块化，标准化，以及造型设计艺术化，使产品更加精致，美观化。
针对减速器存在的问题，本课题采用优化设计的方法，力求使减速器的体积达到最小，建立数学模型，并通过matlab语言编辑后，得到一组优化数据，到达预期目标，使减速器的体积比传统的经验设计结果减小20%--30%。并对输出轴做了机械加工工艺分析。
关键字：减速器 优化设计 齿轮 机械传动
Abstract
Wheel gear's spreading to move is a the most wide kind of the application spreads to move a form in the modern machine.Its main advantage BE:The
① spreads to move to settle, work than in a moment steady, spread to move accurate credibility, can deliver space arbitrarily sport and the motive of the of two stalks;Power and speed scope
② applies are wide;
③ spreads to move an efficiency high, η =0.92-0.98;
④ work is dependable, service life long;
⑤ Outline size outside the is small, structure tightly packed.The wheel gear constituted to°from wheel gear, stalk, bearings and box body decelerates a machine, useding for prime mover and work machine or performance organization of, have already matched to turn soon and deliver a function of turning , the application is extremely extensive in the modern machine.
⑥ Local deceleration machine much with the wheel gear spread to move, the pole spread to move for lord, but widespread exist power and weight ratio small, or spread to move ratio big but the machine efficiency lead a low problem.There are also many weaknesses on material quality and craft level moreover, the especially large deceleration machine's problem is more outstanding, the service life isn't long.The deceleration machine of abroad, with Germany, Denmark and Japan be placed in to lead a position, occupying advantage in the material and the manufacturing craft specially, decelerating the machine work credibility like, service life long.But it spreads to move a form to still take settling stalk wheel gear to spread to move as lord, physical volume and weight problem, don't also resolve like
The direction which decelerates a machine to is the facing big power and spread to move ratio, small physical volume, high machine efficiency and service life to grow greatly nowadays develops.Decelerating the connecting of machine and electric motor body structure is also the form which expands strongly, and have already produced various structure forms and various products of power model numbers.Be close to ten several in the last yearses, control a technical development because of the modern calculator technique and the number, make the machine process accuracy, process an efficiency to raise consumedly, pushed a machine to spread the diversification of movable property article thus, the mold piece of the whole machine kit turns, standardizing, and shape design the art turn, making product more fine, the beauty turns.
For the reducer problem, the issue of optimal design approach in effort to minimize the size reducer, made the mathematical model, and edited by matlab language, get a set of optimal data to reach the target, so that the volume reducer experience than the traditional design results was reduced by 20%-30%. And the output shaft of the machining process of doing .
Key words：Reduction gear、 Optimal design、gear 、mechanical drive
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
绪论 2
1 优化设计 3
1.1原始数据及优化目标 3
1.2优化方案的选择 3
1.3数学模型的建立 4
1.4算法的选取与建立 7
1.5 matlab语言程序编辑 9
2 轴承和传动轴的设计 13
2.1.轴的结构设计 13
2.2 轴的强度校核 15
3 键、联轴器和电动机的选择计算 20
3.1 键的选择计算 20
3.2 联轴器设计 20
3.3 电动机的选择 21
4 箱体结构及其附件的设计 22
4.1 箱体结构的设计 22
4.2 附件设计 22
4.3 润滑密封设计 24
5 减速箱输出轴的工艺性分析 25
5.1 输出轴整体工艺分析 25
5.2 选择..
