毕业设计 4u╟1400fd型马铃薯联合收获机分级装袋装置及机架的研究与设计.rar

摘要
我国是全世界马铃薯种植面积最大的国家，但马铃薯收获的机械化水平很低。近年来，马铃薯收获机的研制与推广有了较大发展，但大多属于中小型条铺式挖掘机，需人工捡拾薯块，必要时进行手工分级，生产效率低，劳动强度仍较大，且总体机械化水平很低，严重制约着马铃薯产业的进一步发展。为此，我们研制了一种4U-1400FD型分级装袋式马铃薯联合收获机。该机集薯块挖掘、土薯分离、薯秧分离、薯块分级、装袋于一体，可大幅度减轻人的劳动强度，减少人工耗费和商品薯的处理环节，显著提高生产效率，降低伤薯率。
本文根据该机的功能和马铃薯联合收获及分级技术要求，运用三维建模软件Pro/E建立虚拟样机模型，主要对4U-1400FD型马铃薯联合收获机的分级装袋装置和机架进行系统研究与设计，包括分级装袋装置原理方案设计，分级装袋装置和机架结构方案设计,对主要零部件进行受力分析和强度校核，运用ANSYS有限元分析软件对分级链轮及机架进行受力分析，分析了收获机在以3km/h～4.83km/h速度作业时机架的应力分布、最大应力及其产生部位。分析计算结果与样机试验结果表明，分级装袋装置原理与结构及机架结构设计合理；分级精度较高，工作良好；机架强度储备足够，工作安全可靠。用AutoCAD软件绘制了二维零部件图样。
关键词：马铃薯；联合收获机；分级；装袋；机架；设计；有限元分析



















Summary
China is largest country of growing potato in the world, However, the mechanization of potato harvest is in the low level. In recent years, the development and popularization of potato harvester has made great progress, but the most harvesters belong to section, the potato picked up by men, , graded by handwork when necessary, low productivity, large labor intension, and the overall low level of mechanization, seriously hinder the further development of the potato industry. So the 4U-1400FD potato harvester with a grading device was researched. This machine can complete potato digging, potato and soil separation, potato cleaning, grading and bagging process in one time, the labor intension of human can substantially reduce, labor cost and the processing sectors of commodity potato were reduced, the production efficiency was significantly improved and the ratio of the injured potato was reduced.
According to the function of the machine and the technical requirements of potato harvester and classification, the virtual prototype model was established by using 3D modeling software Pro / E, the device of grading and bagging of 4U-1400FD potato harvester and the frame were mainly researched and designed, including the principle design of grading and bagging device, and the structure design of frame. The main components were analyzed and its intension was checked and the chain wheel and frame were analyzed with software ANSYS, the stress distribution，the maximum stress and the resulting parts were analyzed in the working speed of 3km/h to 4.83km / h. The calculation results and the prototype test results show that the design of the principle and structure of grading and bagging device and the structure of frame are reasonable; the grading accuracy is higher, work well; the strength reserves of the frame is adequate, and it can work safely and reliably. The software of AutoCAD was used to complete the component draft drawings of the machine.
Key words: potato; combine harvester; grading; bagging; frame; design; ANSYS










目录
引言 1
第一章 绪论 2
1.1马铃薯收获概况 2
1.1.1 国外马铃薯收获机的发展概况 2
1.1.2 国内马铃薯收获机的发展概况 3
1.2 本课题研究意义 6
1.3 本课题研究内容 6
1.4 本课题研究方法 7
1.5 技术路线 8
第二章 4U-1400FD型马铃薯联合收获机总体设计 9
2.1 4U-1400FD型马铃薯联合收获机基本结构 9
2.2 4U-1400FD型马铃薯联合收获机工作过程 9
2.3 4U-1400FD型马铃薯联合收获机基本参数确定 10
第三章 4U-1400FD型马铃薯联合收获机分级装袋装置设计 16
3.1 4U-1400FD型马铃薯联合收获机分级装置设计 16
3.1.1 块茎物料分级方法概述 16
3.1.2 马铃薯分级主要技术要求 17
3.1.3 辊轴链板式分级装置工作原理 17
3.1.4 主要参数确定 18
3.2 主要零部件设计 18
3.2.1 主动轴结构设计 18
3.2.2 链及链轮结构设计 21
3.2.3 分级辊轴结构设计 26
3.2.4 从动轴结构设计 26
3.3 辅助装置设计 26
3.4 装袋装置设计 27
第四章 4U-1400FD型马铃薯联合收获机机架有限元分析 28
4.1 机架总体结构分析的意义 28
4.2 机架有限元模型的建立 28
4.2.1 机架结构及模型建立 28
4.2.2 网格化分 29
4.3 加载并求解 29
4.3.1 约束 29
4.3.2 载荷 29
4.3.3 求解 31
4.4 有限元分析结果 31
第五章 Pro/E环境下虚拟模型的建立 32
5.1 Pro/E简介 33
5.2 三维实体建模 34
第六章 样机试验及效益评价 36
6.1 样机初步试验 36
6.2 经济、技术效益评价 36
6.3 推广应用前景 38
第七章 结论和建议 39
7．1 结论 39
7．2 建议 39
致谢 41
参考文献 42
作者简介 47
导师简介 48
独创性声明 49
附录 50