毕业论文 超声波测距系统.rar
毕业论文 超声波测距系统,摘要在日常生产生活中，很多场合如汽车倒车、机器人避障、工业测井、水库液位测量等需要自动进行非接触测距。超声波是指频率大于20 khz的在弹性介质中产生的机械震荡波，其具有指向性强、能量消耗缓慢、传播距离相对较远等特点，因此常被用于非接触测距。由于超声波对光线、色彩和电磁场不敏感，因此超声波测距对环境有较好的适应能力，此...
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摘 要
在日常生产生活中，很多场合如汽车倒车、机器人避障、工业测井、水库液位测量等需要自动进行非接触测距。超声波是指频率大于20 kHz的在弹性介质中产生的机械震荡波，其具有指向性强、能量消耗缓慢、传播距离相对较远等特点，因此常被用于非接触测距。由于超声波对光线、色彩和电磁场不敏感，因此超声波测距对环境有较好的适应能力，此外超声波测量在实时、精度、价格也能得到很好的折衷。
为此，尝试以单片机AT89S51为核心，利用CXA20106A超声波芯片设计一款体积较小、价格低廉、精度较高、具有温度补偿、实时LCD显示和报警的超声波测距仪。
关键词：单片机；超声波；C语言
Ultrasonic ranging systemAbstract
Abstract
In daily life, many occasions such as car backing up, robot obstacle avoidance, industrial logging, reservoir level measurement and need to be automatic no contact ranging. Ultrasonic is to point to more than 20 kHz frequency in the elastic medium produced in mechanical shock waves, it has the directionality of strong, energy consumption is relatively slow, the transmission distance far and other characteristics, so is often used to non-contact ranging. Due to the light, colour and ultrasonic not sensitive electromagnetic field, so the ultrasonic ranging to environment has good adaptability, in addition the ultrasonic measure in real time, the precision and the price to also can get a good compromise.
Therefore, this paper try to monolithic integrated circuit AT89S52 as the core, use CXA20106A ultrasound sensor design a small size, low cost, high accuracy, temperature compensation, with real-time LCD display and alarm of ultrasonic ranger.
Key Words：LCD; Single-chip microcomputer ; Ultrasonic ranging systemAbstract; C Language
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
1 超声波简介..................................................................................................................2
2 系统功能设计.............................................................................................................3
2.1 超声波测距系统的基本原理...............................................................................3
2.2 AT89S51芯片超声波简介...................................................................................4
2.3 AT89S51芯片的引脚结构...................................................................................4
3 硬件设计.....................................................................................................................5
3.1 硬件电路主控...........................................................................................................5
3.2 复位电路....................................................................................................................5
3.3显示电路......................................................................................................................6
3.4驱动电路.......................................................................................................................7
3.5接口电路.......................................................................................................................8
3.6 时钟模块......................................................................................................................8
4 软件设计........................................................................................................................11
4.1 程序流程设计............................................................................................................11
4.2 延时程序.....................................................................................................................14
4.3 中断系统......................................................................................................................14
4.4 完整程序设计.........................................................................................................16
5 系统仿真、制作、调试.......................................................................................32
5.1 系统总体仿真.........................................................................................................32
5.2 硬件电路制作.........................................................................................................34
结 论 35
参 考 文 献 36
致 谢 37
在日常生产生活中，很多场合如汽车倒车、机器人避障、工业测井、水库液位测量等需要自动进行非接触测距。超声波是指频率大于20 kHz的在弹性介质中产生的机械震荡波，其具有指向性强、能量消耗缓慢、传播距离相对较远等特点，因此常被用于非接触测距。由于超声波对光线、色彩和电磁场不敏感，因此超声波测距对环境有较好的适应能力，此外超声波测量在实时、精度、价格也能得到很好的折衷。
为此，尝试以单片机AT89S51为核心，利用CXA20106A超声波芯片设计一款体积较小、价格低廉、精度较高、具有温度补偿、实时LCD显示和报警的超声波测距仪。
关键词：单片机；超声波；C语言
Ultrasonic ranging systemAbstract
Abstract
In daily life, many occasions such as car backing up, robot obstacle avoidance, industrial logging, reservoir level measurement and need to be automatic no contact ranging. Ultrasonic is to point to more than 20 kHz frequency in the elastic medium produced in mechanical shock waves, it has the directionality of strong, energy consumption is relatively slow, the transmission distance far and other characteristics, so is often used to non-contact ranging. Due to the light, colour and ultrasonic not sensitive electromagnetic field, so the ultrasonic ranging to environment has good adaptability, in addition the ultrasonic measure in real time, the precision and the price to also can get a good compromise.
Therefore, this paper try to monolithic integrated circuit AT89S52 as the core, use CXA20106A ultrasound sensor design a small size, low cost, high accuracy, temperature compensation, with real-time LCD display and alarm of ultrasonic ranger.
Key Words：LCD; Single-chip microcomputer ; Ultrasonic ranging systemAbstract; C Language
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
1 超声波简介..................................................................................................................2
2 系统功能设计.............................................................................................................3
2.1 超声波测距系统的基本原理...............................................................................3
2.2 AT89S51芯片超声波简介...................................................................................4
2.3 AT89S51芯片的引脚结构...................................................................................4
3 硬件设计.....................................................................................................................5
3.1 硬件电路主控...........................................................................................................5
3.2 复位电路....................................................................................................................5
3.3显示电路......................................................................................................................6
3.4驱动电路.......................................................................................................................7
3.5接口电路.......................................................................................................................8
3.6 时钟模块......................................................................................................................8
4 软件设计........................................................................................................................11
4.1 程序流程设计............................................................................................................11
4.2 延时程序.....................................................................................................................14
4.3 中断系统......................................................................................................................14
4.4 完整程序设计.........................................................................................................16
5 系统仿真、制作、调试.......................................................................................32
5.1 系统总体仿真.........................................................................................................32
5.2 硬件电路制作.........................................................................................................34
结 论 35
参 考 文 献 36
致 谢 37
