毕业论文 点阵字符显示器的设计与制作.doc
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毕业论文 点阵字符显示器的设计与制作,摘要：本系统设计思路是：利用单片机对整个系统进行总体控制，使8*8点阵led字符显示器能显示“志存高远”4个文字。显示方式分为三种：逐字显示、上滚显示、左滚显示，其中显示字模数据由单片机输入显存，点阵的点亮过程有程序控制，由驱动电路完成，点阵采用单色显示，该显示器电路的特点是：点阵的动态显示过程占用时间比较短，亮度比较...
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摘要：本系统设计思路是：利用单片机对整个系统进行总体控制，使8*8点阵LED字符显示器能显示“志存高远”4个文字。显示方式分为三种：逐字显示、上滚显示、左滚显示，其中显示字模数据由单片机输入显存，点阵的点亮过程有程序控制，由驱动电路完成，点阵采用单色显示，该显示器电路的特点是：点阵的动态显示过程占用时间比较短，亮度比较高，而且亮度可以通过改变电阻进行调节。本方案最大的特点在于核心控制芯片的选择，采用AT89C51单片机，利用AT89C51的掉电工作方式，构成高可靠、低功耗系统方法。AT89C51的采用有很多方面的优势。应用AT89C51作为控制核心的设计大多在性能上要求很高。 AT89C51单片机内部的振荡电路是一个高增益反向放大器，引线XTAL1和XTAL2分别是放大器的输入端和输出端。单片机内部虽然有振荡电路，但要形成时钟，外部还需附加电路。AT89C51的时钟产生方式有两种：内部时钟电方式和外部时钟方式。由于外部时钟方式用于多片单片机组成的系统中，所以此处选用内部时钟方式。本设计中AT89C51是采用上电自动复位和按键复位两种方式。上电瞬间，RC电路充电，RST引线端出现正脉冲，只要RST端保持10ms以上的高电平，就能使单片机有效地复位。其中R1和R2分别选择200Ω和1KΩ的电阻，电容器一般选择22μF。采用8×8点阵LED显示器，简称LED点阵板或LED矩阵板。它是以发光二极管为像素，按照行与列的顺序排列起来，用集成工艺制成的显示器件。有单色和双色之分，这种显示器有共阳极接法和共阴极接法两种，设计中用到的是共阳极的显示器。
关键词：LED点阵、单片机、显存、低功耗、发光二极管
Dot matrix characters display the design and manufacture
Abstract：This design intent to take 80521single chip to control entire system generally. The display word-module data is input by single chip to display memory. The lightening process is accomplished by other circuit ( programme and drive) automatically. Dynamic display process engross a little of the time . The lighting is able to be adjusted by changing the resistance . The lighting ways: single , rolling from down , rolling from right. The biggest feature of this program lies in the choice of the core control chip AT89C51 microcontroller AT89C51 power-down work, constitute a highly reliable, low-power consumption systems approach. Of AT89C51 use a lot of advantages. Application AT89C51 as the design of the control core, most demanding performance. AT89C51 microcontroller internal oscillator circuit is a high-gain inverting amplifier lead XTAL1 and XTAL2 are input and output of the amplifier. Single-chip internal oscillator circuit, but the formation of the clock, the external need additional circuit. The AT89C51 clock method of electric way of two kinds: internal clock and external clock modes. This design, the AT89C51 is automatically reset button power on reset in two ways. The most simple reset circuit shown in Figure 1-2. On the electric moment, the RC circuit charging end of the RST leads to positive pulse, as long as the RST side more than 10ms high, you can make the MCU reset. Where R1 and R2 were selected 200Ω and to 1KΩ the resistor, capacitor generally choose recommended to be 22μF. 8 × 8 dot matrix LED display, referred to as the LED dot matrix board or LED matrix board. It is based on light-emitting diode pixels in accordance with the order of rows and columns line up, made with the integration process display. Monochrome and color, this display has a common anode connection and common cathode connected in two, used in the design is a common anode display.
Key words：LED lattice、single chip、Low-power 、display memory 、Light-emitting diodes
目录
前言 1
第一章 系统总体方案的设计 2
1.1 方案选择 2
1.1.1 需要实现的功能 2
1.1.2 设计思路 2
1.1.3 单片机的选择 2
1.2 单片机最小系统设计 2
1.2.1 单片机的时钟电路 2
1.2.2 单片机的复位电路 3
1.2.3 AT89C51的最小应用系统 4
1.3 按键及接口设计 4
1.3.1 独立式按键接口设计 4
1.4 显示器及接口设计 5
1.4.1 8×8点阵LED显示器的组成原理及控制方式 5
1.4.2 8×8点阵LED显示器与单片机的接口 6
1.5 驱动电路的设计 7
1.6 电源电路的设计 8
第二章 系统的硬件设计 9
2.1 硬件系统的总体设计 9
2.2 单片机AT89C51的分析 9
2.2.1 AT89C51单片机芯片的性能及功能 9
2.2.2 性能说明 10
2.2.3 管脚说明 10
2.3 具体电路及功能分析 12
2.3.1按键接口控制电路 12
2.3.2显示电路 12
2.3.3电源电路 12
2.4 电路原理图 12
第三章 系统的软件设计 15
3.1单片机指令集及寄存器介绍 15
3.1.1 MS-51单片机指令集 15
3.1.2 PSW,RAM和ROM 19
3.1.3 8051单片机管脚 20
3.1.4 定时器T0/T1 20
3.2 软件总体设计及功能描述 20
3.2.1 系统主要程序的设计 20
3.2.2主程序及流程图 20
3.2.3初始化程序 21
3.2.4 显示程序及流程图 21
3.3 单片机系统资源的分配 22
3.4 源程序 23
3.4.1 主程序 23
3.4.2初始化程序 23
3.4.3 显示程序 23
第四章 实物制作与调试 24
4.1 原材料的选择与采购 24
4.2 实物的设计与制作 24
4.3 单片机的测试 24
4.4 硬件及软件的调试 24
4.5 整机的调试与测试 25
致谢 26
参考文献 27
附录 28
关键词：LED点阵、单片机、显存、低功耗、发光二极管
Dot matrix characters display the design and manufacture
Abstract：This design intent to take 80521single chip to control entire system generally. The display word-module data is input by single chip to display memory. The lightening process is accomplished by other circuit ( programme and drive) automatically. Dynamic display process engross a little of the time . The lighting is able to be adjusted by changing the resistance . The lighting ways: single , rolling from down , rolling from right. The biggest feature of this program lies in the choice of the core control chip AT89C51 microcontroller AT89C51 power-down work, constitute a highly reliable, low-power consumption systems approach. Of AT89C51 use a lot of advantages. Application AT89C51 as the design of the control core, most demanding performance. AT89C51 microcontroller internal oscillator circuit is a high-gain inverting amplifier lead XTAL1 and XTAL2 are input and output of the amplifier. Single-chip internal oscillator circuit, but the formation of the clock, the external need additional circuit. The AT89C51 clock method of electric way of two kinds: internal clock and external clock modes. This design, the AT89C51 is automatically reset button power on reset in two ways. The most simple reset circuit shown in Figure 1-2. On the electric moment, the RC circuit charging end of the RST leads to positive pulse, as long as the RST side more than 10ms high, you can make the MCU reset. Where R1 and R2 were selected 200Ω and to 1KΩ the resistor, capacitor generally choose recommended to be 22μF. 8 × 8 dot matrix LED display, referred to as the LED dot matrix board or LED matrix board. It is based on light-emitting diode pixels in accordance with the order of rows and columns line up, made with the integration process display. Monochrome and color, this display has a common anode connection and common cathode connected in two, used in the design is a common anode display.
Key words：LED lattice、single chip、Low-power 、display memory 、Light-emitting diodes
目录
前言 1
第一章 系统总体方案的设计 2
1.1 方案选择 2
1.1.1 需要实现的功能 2
1.1.2 设计思路 2
1.1.3 单片机的选择 2
1.2 单片机最小系统设计 2
1.2.1 单片机的时钟电路 2
1.2.2 单片机的复位电路 3
1.2.3 AT89C51的最小应用系统 4
1.3 按键及接口设计 4
1.3.1 独立式按键接口设计 4
1.4 显示器及接口设计 5
1.4.1 8×8点阵LED显示器的组成原理及控制方式 5
1.4.2 8×8点阵LED显示器与单片机的接口 6
1.5 驱动电路的设计 7
1.6 电源电路的设计 8
第二章 系统的硬件设计 9
2.1 硬件系统的总体设计 9
2.2 单片机AT89C51的分析 9
2.2.1 AT89C51单片机芯片的性能及功能 9
2.2.2 性能说明 10
2.2.3 管脚说明 10
2.3 具体电路及功能分析 12
2.3.1按键接口控制电路 12
2.3.2显示电路 12
2.3.3电源电路 12
2.4 电路原理图 12
第三章 系统的软件设计 15
3.1单片机指令集及寄存器介绍 15
3.1.1 MS-51单片机指令集 15
3.1.2 PSW,RAM和ROM 19
3.1.3 8051单片机管脚 20
3.1.4 定时器T0/T1 20
3.2 软件总体设计及功能描述 20
3.2.1 系统主要程序的设计 20
3.2.2主程序及流程图 20
3.2.3初始化程序 21
3.2.4 显示程序及流程图 21
3.3 单片机系统资源的分配 22
3.4 源程序 23
3.4.1 主程序 23
3.4.2初始化程序 23
3.4.3 显示程序 23
第四章 实物制作与调试 24
4.1 原材料的选择与采购 24
4.2 实物的设计与制作 24
4.3 单片机的测试 24
4.4 硬件及软件的调试 24
4.5 整机的调试与测试 25
致谢 26
参考文献 27
附录 28
