卧式端面铣床主轴箱设计说明书.doc

卧式端面铣床主轴箱设计

摘要
在机械制造工业中，由于被加工零件形状和表面以及精度要求的不同而发展、产生了种类繁多的金属切削机床。在生产实际中大量使用铣床、磨床、钻床、镗床以及直线运动机床等。
数控机床是装备制造业的工作母机，是实现制造技术和装备现代化的基石，是保证高新技术产业发展和国防军工现代化的战略装备。在全球倡导绿色制造的大环境下，机床数控化改造成为了热点。
课程设计是在学生学完相应课程及先行课程之后进行的实习性教学环节，是大学生的必修环节，其目的在于通过机床运动机械变速传动系统的结构设计，使学生在拟定传动和变速的结构方案过程中，得到设计构思，方案分析，结构工艺性，机械制图，零件计算，编写技术文件和查阅技术资料等方面的综合训练，树立正确的设计思想，掌握基本的设计方法，并培养学生具有初步的结构分析，结构设计和计算能力。
本次设计是对端面铣床主轴箱做了全面设计，对主轴箱内部各部件（包括传动轴、主轴、齿轮、轴承等）做了详细的设计与校核，使其满足实际生产工作的需要。

关键词：铣床   构思    制图    主轴箱   设计  校核
                

Abstract
In machine manufacture industry，because is processed the components shape and surface as well as the precision request different develops、has produced the type many metal cutting engine bed. Is producing actual massive uses the milling machine、the grinder、the drilling machine、the boring lathe as well as the translation engine bed and so on.
NC(numerical control) machine tools is the Machine Tools and equipment manufacturing, is to achieve manufacturing technology and the cornerstone of modern equipment is to ensure that high-tech industry development and national defense modernization of the military strategy and equipment. Green Manufacturing in the global advocacy of the environment, transformation of CNC machine tools to become a hot spot.
The curriculum design is the practice teaching link which carries on afterwards in the student study corresponding curriculum and the advance curriculum, is university student's compulsory link, its goal lies in through the engine bed movement power shifting transmission system structural design, causes the student in to draw up the transmission and in the speed change structure plan process, obtains the design idea, the plan analysis, the structure technology capability, the mechanical drawing, the components computation, the compilation technology document and aspect and so on consult technical data integrated trainings, set up the correct design concept, grasps the basic design method, and trains the student to have the preliminary structure analysis, the structural design and computation ability.
This design is an end milling machine main axle box for a comprehensive design.Within the various parts of the spindle box (including shaft,gear,shaft,bearing)made a detailed design and proofread,to meet the needs of the actual production work.

Key words: Milling machine     Idea            Charting   
           Main axle box       Design          Proofread
                   

                       目   录

 摘  要 .....................................................................................................................I
      
第一章 绪论.......................................................................................................2
   1.1机床的发展况...............................................................................................2
    1.2设计任务简介...............................................................................................3 1.3铣床的基本组成及其工作原理....................................................................3
第二章 机床总体方案设计
   2.1原有铣床现状分析......................................................................................4
    2.2组成和工作原绍..........................................................................................4
   2.3传动方案的分析与比较..............................................................................5
   2.4铣床主要技术参数的确定..........................................................................6
   2.5主轴箱进给运动系统改进..........................................................................7
    2.6压紧减速器的组成......................................................................................8
    2.7铣床的总体布局..........................................................................................8
第三章  主传动设计
   3.1  主传动系统组成.........................................................................................8
   3.2  主传动方案拟定.........................................................................................9
    3.2.1  确定传动组及各传动组中的传动副的数目.......................................9
    3.2.2  传动式的拟定.......................................................................................9
    3.2.3  确定各变速齿轮传动副的齿数..........................................................10
    3.2.4 机床主要传动件的计算转速确定........................................................11
  3.3  传动齿轮副的设计计算..............................................................................12
    3.3.1  第一对齿轮副的选择校核..................................................................12
    3.3.2第二队齿轮副的选择与校核.................................................................15
    3.3.3第三对齿轮副计算、第四对齿轮副计算.............................................18
    3.3.4第五对齿轮.............................................................................................19
    3.3.5第六对齿轮参数.....................................................................................22
  3.4传动轴的设计及计算.....................................................................................23
    3.4.1 轴的设计及计算 ..................................................................................23      
    3.4.2 轴的设计及验算...................................................................................27
    3.4.3III轴的设计及计算................................................................................35
    3.4.4IV轴的设计及计算...................................................................................36
  3.5轴承的计算......................................................................................................37
  3.6主轴及其组件设计..........................................................................................38
   3.6.1主轴直径的确定........................................................................................38
   3.6.2主轴内孔直径的确定................................................................................38
   3.6.3主轴的合理跨距........................................................................................38
   3.6.4主轴轴承的选择及配置.............................................................................39
     3.6.5主轴的刚度校核....................................................................................39第四章操纵机构和润滑系统    
  4.1操作机构..........................................................................................................43
  4.2润滑系统..........................................................................................................43
  4.2.1润滑系统要求..............................................................................................44
  4.2.2润滑剂的选择..............................................................................................44
  4.3主轴箱的装配..................................................................................................44
致谢...........................................................................................................................44
参考文献............................................................................................................... 44