管件焊接柔性夹具及其装夹方案.doc
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管件焊接柔性夹具及其装夹方案,摘要夹具作为机械制造业的一种重要工艺装备，它的设计与制造会直接影响到产品的研发周期和质量。缩短夹具设计周期，是计算机辅助夹具设计研究的重要领域，也是提高企业快速反应能力的一个重要环节。随着船舶工业和制造业的发展，市场对各类管件的需求量不断增加。目前，针对众多空间走向多样化的管件焊接，一般都采用专用焊接夹具，虽然其能保证...
内容介绍
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摘要
夹具作为机械制造业的一种重要工艺装备，它的设计与制造会直接影响到产品的研发周期和质量。缩短夹具设计周期，是计算机辅助夹具设计研究的重要领域，也是提高企业快速反应能力的一个重要环节。随着船舶工业和制造业的发展，市场对各类管件的需求量不断增加。目前，针对众多空间走向多样化的管件焊接，一般都采用专用焊接夹具，虽然其能保证定位精度，但同时也将导致诸如夹具制作周期长、资金重复投入，夹具使用后的存放占用空间大，使用范围小，功能单一化和工装管理难度增加等问题。因此亟需设计一套行之有效的管件焊接柔性夹具，同时，由于管件焊接夹具存在一定的柔性，因此有必要对如何能快速有效地确定装夹方案进行深入研究，进一步扩大管件焊接夹具的使用范围。
针对上述现实问题，本文在已有管件焊接夹具设计工作的基础上提出了管件焊接夹具装夹方案智能CAD系统体系，开发了夹具装夹方案智能CAD系统，论文的主要研究工作包括以下几个方面：
(1) 在分析某企业管件特征的基础上，利用柔性化思想，设计了能够满足大多数管件焊接所需要的夹具平台，实现了夹具的柔性化；
(2) 对已有管件焊接夹具及管件对象的信息进行分析、归纳、总结，构建了管件焊接夹具实例库，实现了包括对实例的检索、修改、添加、删除等功能的实例库管理；
(3) 在构建管件焊接夹具实例库的基础上，提出将知识推理技术运用于装夹方案设计过程中，通过两层相似度计算算法，检索新管件焊接夹具的最相似实例。首先计算管件对象及夹具结构上的相似及夹具布局局部相似度，其次利用线性Hamming复合算法计算整体相似度，保证了检索出的实例与新对象夹具相似程度最高。在检索出相似度最高的实例中，利用机械设计规则选用元件规格及空间坐标转换技术计算定位件的夹紧区域，并结合SolidEdge的二次开发技术，实现了对实例的自动修改，完成对夹具及夹具装夹方案的调整。根据相似实例的装夹方案，来设计待求管件的装夹方案；
(4) 针对焊接管件摆放空间位置不确定而存在的装夹不合理，本文引入旋转法来求解焊接管件的空间位置，编程实现了管件在夹具中空间摆放的最优位置；
(5) 通过需求分析，利用VisualBasic语言和SolidEdge软件混合编程技术实现了夹具装夹方案智能CAD系统的开发。
关键字 柔性夹具；管件焊接；实例推理；夹具CAD系统；装夹方案
Abstract
As an important process equipment in mechanical manufacturing, fixture directly effect product quality and design cycle. Shorten fixture design cycle is very important research field in the computer-aided fixture design, as well as a key link in enhancing enterprise rapid reaction capability.
With development of shipbuilding industry and manufacturing, the market is in increasing demand for various types of tube. In present enterprise, special welding fixtures are used generally to locate a lot of welding tube with the variety space tendency. The special welding fixture ensure the location accuracy but it brings a series of problems such as long fixture production cycle、repeat investment funds、a large storage space、limited usage、simplification function、more difficult fixture management and so on. Therefore a set of effective tube welding fixture should be imperative. Owing to tube welding fixture being certain flexibility, it is necessary to study how to determine fixture plan rapidly and effectively in order to expand further the use of tube welding fixture.
Aiming at those problems, the intelligent system of tube welding fixture clamping plan was advanced and developed, based on the abundant experience of designing welding fixture. The main job of the thesis includes in the following aspects:
(1) A set of tube welding fixture which meets most of the tube welding and realize the fixture flexible is explored on the basis of analyzing feature of tube parts and using flexible thinking;
(2) The tube welding fixture case library was constructed based on clearing up a mass of tube welding fixture we have had. The system realizes case library management, including searching of existing welding fixture、modifying the case、adding or deleting the case of welding fixture;
(3) The method of fixture plan design using knowledge reasoning technology is put forward base on the construction of the case library of the tube welding fixture. The most similar case is searched by using two-layer similarity algorithm. First，the local similarity which contains the similarity on the tube object and fixture structure and the similarity on fixture layout is calculated; Second, global similarity is calculated by using linear Hamming complex algorithm. This index way ensures to retrieve the case with the highest similarity to the new tube fixture. The design rule which choose components and coordinate transforming technique which calculates positioning parts clamping area ,with the secondary development technology base on SolidEdge are used to modify the case which is of the highest similarity in order to assemble automatically and complete the fixture clamping program adjustment Fixture plan of new problem would be designed based on this one;
(4) In this thesis, aiming at the problem that the spatial location of tube in welding is not reasonable enough, the rotation rule has been adopted for solving the tube welding spatial location. The arithmetic has been implemented in the system module;
(5) On the basis of analyzing re..
夹具作为机械制造业的一种重要工艺装备，它的设计与制造会直接影响到产品的研发周期和质量。缩短夹具设计周期，是计算机辅助夹具设计研究的重要领域，也是提高企业快速反应能力的一个重要环节。随着船舶工业和制造业的发展，市场对各类管件的需求量不断增加。目前，针对众多空间走向多样化的管件焊接，一般都采用专用焊接夹具，虽然其能保证定位精度，但同时也将导致诸如夹具制作周期长、资金重复投入，夹具使用后的存放占用空间大，使用范围小，功能单一化和工装管理难度增加等问题。因此亟需设计一套行之有效的管件焊接柔性夹具，同时，由于管件焊接夹具存在一定的柔性，因此有必要对如何能快速有效地确定装夹方案进行深入研究，进一步扩大管件焊接夹具的使用范围。
针对上述现实问题，本文在已有管件焊接夹具设计工作的基础上提出了管件焊接夹具装夹方案智能CAD系统体系，开发了夹具装夹方案智能CAD系统，论文的主要研究工作包括以下几个方面：
(1) 在分析某企业管件特征的基础上，利用柔性化思想，设计了能够满足大多数管件焊接所需要的夹具平台，实现了夹具的柔性化；
(2) 对已有管件焊接夹具及管件对象的信息进行分析、归纳、总结，构建了管件焊接夹具实例库，实现了包括对实例的检索、修改、添加、删除等功能的实例库管理；
(3) 在构建管件焊接夹具实例库的基础上，提出将知识推理技术运用于装夹方案设计过程中，通过两层相似度计算算法，检索新管件焊接夹具的最相似实例。首先计算管件对象及夹具结构上的相似及夹具布局局部相似度，其次利用线性Hamming复合算法计算整体相似度，保证了检索出的实例与新对象夹具相似程度最高。在检索出相似度最高的实例中，利用机械设计规则选用元件规格及空间坐标转换技术计算定位件的夹紧区域，并结合SolidEdge的二次开发技术，实现了对实例的自动修改，完成对夹具及夹具装夹方案的调整。根据相似实例的装夹方案，来设计待求管件的装夹方案；
(4) 针对焊接管件摆放空间位置不确定而存在的装夹不合理，本文引入旋转法来求解焊接管件的空间位置，编程实现了管件在夹具中空间摆放的最优位置；
(5) 通过需求分析，利用VisualBasic语言和SolidEdge软件混合编程技术实现了夹具装夹方案智能CAD系统的开发。
关键字 柔性夹具；管件焊接；实例推理；夹具CAD系统；装夹方案
Abstract
As an important process equipment in mechanical manufacturing, fixture directly effect product quality and design cycle. Shorten fixture design cycle is very important research field in the computer-aided fixture design, as well as a key link in enhancing enterprise rapid reaction capability.
With development of shipbuilding industry and manufacturing, the market is in increasing demand for various types of tube. In present enterprise, special welding fixtures are used generally to locate a lot of welding tube with the variety space tendency. The special welding fixture ensure the location accuracy but it brings a series of problems such as long fixture production cycle、repeat investment funds、a large storage space、limited usage、simplification function、more difficult fixture management and so on. Therefore a set of effective tube welding fixture should be imperative. Owing to tube welding fixture being certain flexibility, it is necessary to study how to determine fixture plan rapidly and effectively in order to expand further the use of tube welding fixture.
Aiming at those problems, the intelligent system of tube welding fixture clamping plan was advanced and developed, based on the abundant experience of designing welding fixture. The main job of the thesis includes in the following aspects:
(1) A set of tube welding fixture which meets most of the tube welding and realize the fixture flexible is explored on the basis of analyzing feature of tube parts and using flexible thinking;
(2) The tube welding fixture case library was constructed based on clearing up a mass of tube welding fixture we have had. The system realizes case library management, including searching of existing welding fixture、modifying the case、adding or deleting the case of welding fixture;
(3) The method of fixture plan design using knowledge reasoning technology is put forward base on the construction of the case library of the tube welding fixture. The most similar case is searched by using two-layer similarity algorithm. First，the local similarity which contains the similarity on the tube object and fixture structure and the similarity on fixture layout is calculated; Second, global similarity is calculated by using linear Hamming complex algorithm. This index way ensures to retrieve the case with the highest similarity to the new tube fixture. The design rule which choose components and coordinate transforming technique which calculates positioning parts clamping area ,with the secondary development technology base on SolidEdge are used to modify the case which is of the highest similarity in order to assemble automatically and complete the fixture clamping program adjustment Fixture plan of new problem would be designed based on this one;
(4) In this thesis, aiming at the problem that the spatial location of tube in welding is not reasonable enough, the rotation rule has been adopted for solving the tube welding spatial location. The arithmetic has been implemented in the system module;
(5) On the basis of analyzing re..
