非圆活塞数控车床设计.doc
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非圆活塞数控车床设计,摘要活塞是内燃机的关键零件之一，其质量直接决定着内燃机的工作性能。中凸变椭圆活塞属于非圆截面零件，其型面特殊，加工相对困难，成为活塞研究领域的一个重要课题。根据我国活塞加工的现状，本文改变传统车床结构，设计一种新的活塞车床布局结构，床身为倒“t”字型结构，根据中凸变椭圆活塞的加工要求，设计了数控机床的整体结构，运用pr...
内容介绍
此文档由会员 违规屏蔽12 发布
摘要
活塞是内燃机的关键零件之一，其质量直接决定着内燃机的工作性能。中凸变椭圆活塞属于非圆截面零件，其型面特殊，加工相对困难，成为活塞研究领域的一个重要课题。
根据我国活塞加工的现状，本文改变传统车床结构，设计一种新的活塞车床布局结构，床身为倒“T”字型结构，根据中凸变椭圆活塞的加工要求，设计了数控机床的整体结构，运用Pro/E软件建立了三维模型。同时用HyperWorks对平台与刀架进行了有限元分析。使直线电机驱动的刀座结构设计轻量化，以降低在高速往复运动过程中产生的惯量，减少跟随误差。
设计了基于TURBO PMAC+PC的双CPU开放式数控系统结构。X轴进给机构采用伺服电机加直线电机双层驱动结构，通过光栅反馈形成全闭环控制；Z轴进给运动采用伺服电机加滚珠丝杠驱动；主轴采用伺服电机驱动，通过TUBRO PMAC实时控制主轴转过的角度和X轴径向位移成联动关系，实现活塞椭圆截面的加工，控制X轴和Z轴的联动实现活塞中凸形面加工。这种加工方法与传统的靠模仿形加工相比具有柔性好、加工精度高等特点。
开发了基于WINDOWS平台的开放式数控系统。应用TURBO PMAC运动控制卡提供的动态链接库(PCOMM32)在WINDOWS利用VC++6.0平台上开发了上位机软件，完成了开放式非圆活塞数控系统管理软件模块的设计。PMAC完成实时控制部分任务，软件开发主要完成上位机非实时控制部分任务，实现了数控系统的基本功能。
根据中凸变椭圆活塞车削特点，选用基于TURBO PMAC卡的各运动轴联动的活塞车削方式，通过厂家提供的活塞数据，进行活塞车削实验，最终的实验证明远远优于传统的旋转电动机+滚珠丝杠，能够满足活塞加工的精度要求，试验结果表明系统达到了预期的设计要求。
以上研究只是针对中凸变椭圆活塞的加工而提出的，对于我国活塞加工具有一定的理论意义和重要应用价值。对于其它非圆截面零件的加工也具有一定的指导意义。
关键词：中凸变椭圆活塞；数控车床；直线电机；刀架；TURBO PMAC
Abstract
Piston is one of the key parts of internal combustion engines, which directly determines the work performance of internal combustion engines. Middle-convex and varying ellipse piston turning is a special noncircular cross section, and its special molding surface brings difficulty for its design and processing. This becomes an important task in the researching domain of the piston.
According to China's processing status of the piston，diffent from tradition，this paper presents a design of the piston CNC lathe adopting inversion T-shape structure and using Pro/E to establish machine’s solid model. Make analysis of mechanical properties on tool holder and work platform by HyperWorks. In order to make the designed knife block structure of liner motor lightweight. In order to reduce inertia producing in the process of motor’s high speed reciprocating motion and follow error.
Designed open CNC system structure based on TUBRO PMAC+PC. X-axis feed movement using servo motor and linear motor double-driven mechanism, realizing loop control through raster feedback; Z-axis feed motion with servo motor and ball screw drive; Adopting servo control, Spindle coordinates the turn of the spindle shaft angle and X-axis radial displacement by TUBRO PMAC controller; The linkage of X-axis and Z-axis can realize the piston convex surface processing. In contrast with the traditional hard profiling method, the method has the advantages of good flexibility, high processing efficiency and high degree of accuracy.
The Open CNC system and softwae has been developed based on WINDOWS platform. Non-circular Pistons open CNC system software designed by the dynamic link library (PCOMM32) PMAC motion control card provided in the WINDOWS platform. The real-time control tasks were completed by PMAC. Software developments by visual c++ on PC focused on major some tasks of non-real-time control and achieve the NC system's basic functions.
According to the middle-convex and varying ellipse piston turning’s processing characteristics, we choose the TURBO PMAC‘s movements control of the turning axis. We make the piston turning experiments by date which is provided from piston manufacturer.It is far superior to the traditional aspects of the rotary motor + ball screw will be able to meet the requirements of the Pistons processing. Testing results show that the system has achieved the expected results of the design requirements.
The conclusions studied is specially present for middle-convex and varying ellipse piston turning. Research has certain theoretical significance and an important value in the piston of China's processing. what's more, it also can be referenced for other noncircular cross section works.
Key Words: Middle-convex and varying ellipse piston, CNC lathe, Linear motor, Knife rest, Turbo PMAC
目 录
摘要 I
目 录 I
CONTENTS III
第一章 绪论 - 1 -
1.1本课题的来源及背景 - 1 -
1.2非圆截面零件常规的成型技术 - 1 -
1.3中凸变椭圆活塞型面的传统加工方法 - 2 -
1.4国内外现状 - 4 -
1.4.1活塞异型面车削数控车床的研究发展现状 - 4 -
1.4.2活塞异型面车削数控系统的研究发展现状 - 5 -
1.5本课题研究的目的和主要内容 - 5 -
1.5.1本课题研究的目的 - 5 -
1.5.2本课题的主要内容 - 6 -
第二章 中凸变椭圆活塞型线加工原理及机床总体设计 - 7 -
2.1中凸变椭圆活塞型线车削加工原理 - 7 -
2.2中凸变椭圆..
活塞是内燃机的关键零件之一，其质量直接决定着内燃机的工作性能。中凸变椭圆活塞属于非圆截面零件，其型面特殊，加工相对困难，成为活塞研究领域的一个重要课题。
根据我国活塞加工的现状，本文改变传统车床结构，设计一种新的活塞车床布局结构，床身为倒“T”字型结构，根据中凸变椭圆活塞的加工要求，设计了数控机床的整体结构，运用Pro/E软件建立了三维模型。同时用HyperWorks对平台与刀架进行了有限元分析。使直线电机驱动的刀座结构设计轻量化，以降低在高速往复运动过程中产生的惯量，减少跟随误差。
设计了基于TURBO PMAC+PC的双CPU开放式数控系统结构。X轴进给机构采用伺服电机加直线电机双层驱动结构，通过光栅反馈形成全闭环控制；Z轴进给运动采用伺服电机加滚珠丝杠驱动；主轴采用伺服电机驱动，通过TUBRO PMAC实时控制主轴转过的角度和X轴径向位移成联动关系，实现活塞椭圆截面的加工，控制X轴和Z轴的联动实现活塞中凸形面加工。这种加工方法与传统的靠模仿形加工相比具有柔性好、加工精度高等特点。
开发了基于WINDOWS平台的开放式数控系统。应用TURBO PMAC运动控制卡提供的动态链接库(PCOMM32)在WINDOWS利用VC++6.0平台上开发了上位机软件，完成了开放式非圆活塞数控系统管理软件模块的设计。PMAC完成实时控制部分任务，软件开发主要完成上位机非实时控制部分任务，实现了数控系统的基本功能。
根据中凸变椭圆活塞车削特点，选用基于TURBO PMAC卡的各运动轴联动的活塞车削方式，通过厂家提供的活塞数据，进行活塞车削实验，最终的实验证明远远优于传统的旋转电动机+滚珠丝杠，能够满足活塞加工的精度要求，试验结果表明系统达到了预期的设计要求。
以上研究只是针对中凸变椭圆活塞的加工而提出的，对于我国活塞加工具有一定的理论意义和重要应用价值。对于其它非圆截面零件的加工也具有一定的指导意义。
关键词：中凸变椭圆活塞；数控车床；直线电机；刀架；TURBO PMAC
Abstract
Piston is one of the key parts of internal combustion engines, which directly determines the work performance of internal combustion engines. Middle-convex and varying ellipse piston turning is a special noncircular cross section, and its special molding surface brings difficulty for its design and processing. This becomes an important task in the researching domain of the piston.
According to China's processing status of the piston，diffent from tradition，this paper presents a design of the piston CNC lathe adopting inversion T-shape structure and using Pro/E to establish machine’s solid model. Make analysis of mechanical properties on tool holder and work platform by HyperWorks. In order to make the designed knife block structure of liner motor lightweight. In order to reduce inertia producing in the process of motor’s high speed reciprocating motion and follow error.
Designed open CNC system structure based on TUBRO PMAC+PC. X-axis feed movement using servo motor and linear motor double-driven mechanism, realizing loop control through raster feedback; Z-axis feed motion with servo motor and ball screw drive; Adopting servo control, Spindle coordinates the turn of the spindle shaft angle and X-axis radial displacement by TUBRO PMAC controller; The linkage of X-axis and Z-axis can realize the piston convex surface processing. In contrast with the traditional hard profiling method, the method has the advantages of good flexibility, high processing efficiency and high degree of accuracy.
The Open CNC system and softwae has been developed based on WINDOWS platform. Non-circular Pistons open CNC system software designed by the dynamic link library (PCOMM32) PMAC motion control card provided in the WINDOWS platform. The real-time control tasks were completed by PMAC. Software developments by visual c++ on PC focused on major some tasks of non-real-time control and achieve the NC system's basic functions.
According to the middle-convex and varying ellipse piston turning’s processing characteristics, we choose the TURBO PMAC‘s movements control of the turning axis. We make the piston turning experiments by date which is provided from piston manufacturer.It is far superior to the traditional aspects of the rotary motor + ball screw will be able to meet the requirements of the Pistons processing. Testing results show that the system has achieved the expected results of the design requirements.
The conclusions studied is specially present for middle-convex and varying ellipse piston turning. Research has certain theoretical significance and an important value in the piston of China's processing. what's more, it also can be referenced for other noncircular cross section works.
Key Words: Middle-convex and varying ellipse piston, CNC lathe, Linear motor, Knife rest, Turbo PMAC
目 录
摘要 I
目 录 I
CONTENTS III
第一章 绪论 - 1 -
1.1本课题的来源及背景 - 1 -
1.2非圆截面零件常规的成型技术 - 1 -
1.3中凸变椭圆活塞型面的传统加工方法 - 2 -
1.4国内外现状 - 4 -
1.4.1活塞异型面车削数控车床的研究发展现状 - 4 -
1.4.2活塞异型面车削数控系统的研究发展现状 - 5 -
1.5本课题研究的目的和主要内容 - 5 -
1.5.1本课题研究的目的 - 5 -
1.5.2本课题的主要内容 - 6 -
第二章 中凸变椭圆活塞型线加工原理及机床总体设计 - 7 -
2.1中凸变椭圆活塞型线车削加工原理 - 7 -
2.2中凸变椭圆..
