隧道式洗衣机关键部件结构.doc

摘要
由于隧道式洗衣机具有洗涤单机无法比拟的优势，已经在洗涤工业中得到广泛运用，但遗憾的是中国尚未实现隧道式洗衣机的国产化，市场上的隧道式洗衣机全部从国外进口。面临严峻的市场竞争压力，如何在最短的时间内以最低成本制造出隧道式洗衣机，是赢得市场的关键。在当今全球CAD/CAE技术的蓬勃发展形式下，本课题正是采用CAD/CAE技术，完成隧道式洗衣机关键部件的设计分析和拓扑优化，提前实现隧道式洗衣机的国产化。
本文首先根据阿基米德螺旋传动原理，设计了新型的基于偏心阿基米德螺旋面传动的隧道式洗衣机内滚筒。然后按照结构静力学分析流程，借助HyperMesh有限元软件对内滚筒进行静力学分析，计算其在静态载荷条件下的应力和变形。为研究洗涤时水对内滚筒的冲击，使用ABAQUS软件建立基于CEL方法的流固耦合计算模型。通过流固耦合分析，发现内滚筒单元上的结点应力有波动，但都远低于材料的许用应力，结点应力的波动说明内滚筒在洗涤时，会有轻微的振动。
在内滚筒静力学分析的基础上，为了找到对内滚筒刚度和强度影响最大的因素，选取了包括：螺旋板厚、偏心距，小基圆半径，滚筒壁厚和洗涤筋厚等5个因素4个水平。采用正交试验的方法，通过方差分析，确定了螺旋板厚和滚筒壁厚是影响内滚筒刚度和强度最大的2个因素。为内滚筒的设计提供了理论依据。
为了改变传统零件设计模式，将拓扑优化理论引入内滚筒支架的设计中，借助Hyperworks软件中的Optistruct模块，对支架的初始设计空间进行拓扑优化分析。由于拓扑优化的结构并不具有可生产性，本文结合拓扑设计的支架结构毛坯和实际加工工艺要求，设计出全新的内滚筒支架，与原支架对比，在工程许可范围以内，重量降低了39.27%，因此对支架实际设计是有参考意义的。

关键词：隧道式洗衣机； 流固耦合； 正交试验； 拓扑优化；






Abstract
The tunnel washer has been used widely in washing industry, for it has incomparable advantage over single washer. Unfortunately, the tunnel washers in Chinese market are all imported from abroad. Facing severe market competition, how to produce the tunnel washer is the key that can win the market in the possible shortest time using lowest cost. In the global CAD/CAE technology booming development, we complete design analysis and topological optimization of the key part of tunnel washer adopting CAD/CAE technology, which can make it localization.
Firstly，according the Archimides spiral transmission principle, design the new tunnel washer based on eccentric Archimedes spiral face transmission. Secondly, according the structure of static anslysis process, use finite element software HyperMesh to calculate the statics stress and deformation of the internal drum. In order to research the catharsis of internal drum by water, use ABAQUS software founding fluid-structure coupling based on CEL method. Through the fluid-structure compling analysis, found the stress fluctuation of the nodes of drum unit, but the stress is far below the allowable stress of materials. And the fluctuation of the nodes stress explains that there is a slight vibration in the washer drum.
Based on the roller statics analysis, we selects spiral palate thickness, eccentricity, small base circle radius, roller drum wall thickness, washer reinforcement thickness as factors in order to finding the biggest influence factor about the stiffness and strength of internal drum. Using the orthogonal experiment method, we determine the spiral plate thickness and roller drum wall thickness are biggest two factors in the stiffness and strength of internal drum through variance analysis, which can provide theory basis for internal drum design.
In order to change traditional design model of parts, the topological optimization theory was applied in the design of the internal drum bractket. With the help of the Hyperworks software Optistruct module, analysis the initial design space of internal drum bractket using topology optimization. Due to the topology optimization of structure doesn’t have the productive, combining with the blank structure of topological design and actual processing process requirement, design a brand new bracket. Comparing the original design bracket, the bending rigidity has slightly lower, and weight reduced 39.27%, so there is significant reference for actual bracket design.
Keywords: Tunnel washer; Fluid-structure; orthogonal design; topology optimization;
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第1章 概述 1
1.1选题的来源、背景和意义 1
1.2隧道式洗衣机国内外研究现状 2
1.3课题所用方法的研究概况 3
1.3.1流固耦合的国内外研究概况 3
1.3.2拓扑优化国内外研究概况 5
1.4本论文的主要研究内容 6
1.5本章小结 7
第2章 隧道式洗衣机结构及工作原理 8
2.1隧道洗衣机结构设计 8
2.1.1Solidworks 3D CAD设计软件介绍 8
2.1.2隧道式洗衣机内滚筒结构设计 9
2.1.3隧道式洗衣机支撑系统结构设计 12
2.2隧道式洗衣机工作原理 12
2.3本章小结 14
第3章 内滚筒静力与流固耦合分析 15
3.1静力分析的基本概念及流程 15
3.2内滚筒整体结构静力分析 16
3.2.1建模准备 16
3.2.2前后处理软件HyperMesh 17
3.2.3单元的选择和网格的划分 17
3.2.4载荷与约束的施加 19
3.2.5内滚筒静力有限元分析结果 20
3.3流固耦合的有限元数值分析相关理论 23
3.3.1结构动力方程和非线性有限元控制方程 23
3.3.2流体方程的有限元数值解法 23..