全吸式干湿两用扫路车.doc
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全吸式干湿两用扫路车,摘要是一种集负压吸尘、重力沉降和垃圾运输为一体的环卫装备，广泛应用于干线公路、机场、城市住宅区和公园等的道路清扫。按除尘方式一般可分为湿式和干式两种除尘方式。干式除尘方式不需要使用喷雾系统，不受环境温度的限制。湿式除尘方式可有效防止微尘排向大气，环保性能好。气...
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摘 要
全吸式干湿两用扫路车是一种集负压吸尘、重力沉降和垃圾运输为一体的环卫装备，广泛应用于干线公路、机场、城市住宅区和公园等的道路清扫。全吸式干湿两用扫路车按除尘方式一般可分为湿式和干式两种除尘方式。干式除尘方式不需要使用喷雾系统，不受环境温度的限制。湿式除尘方式可有效防止微尘排向大气，环保性能好。
全吸式干湿两用扫路车气路系统的主要工作介质是空气，工作对象是地面上的尘土垃圾。其工作原理为：离心式风机在组合式吸嘴的吸尘口处产生负压，同时组合式吸嘴的回吹风腔体通过条缝状喷口喷出封闭气幕，在两者的共同作用下，地面上的灰尘颗粒被吸尘口吸起，并通过排气管道输送到重力沉降室和旋风分离器中进行除尘过滤，过滤后的洁净空气则直接排入大气，完成全吸式干湿两用扫路车的主要功能。
组合式吸嘴的结构形式决定了组合式吸嘴内部的流场分布情况，从而对组合式吸嘴的吸尘效率产生影响。组合式吸嘴的设计主要涉及起尘动力学、封闭气幕的设计计算和空气汇流这三方面的理论。本文以相关理论为基础，结合组合式吸嘴的结构设计原则，分析了吸尘口的面积 、组合式吸嘴的长度 、组合式吸嘴的宽度 、组合式吸嘴的高度 、组合式吸嘴的收缩角 、排气管倾斜角 这六个结构参数对组合式吸嘴吸尘性能的影响，并以组合式吸嘴吸尘部分的局部压力损失最小为目标，对组合式吸嘴的相关结构参数进行了优化设计。在建立组合式吸嘴和普通纯吸式吸嘴物理模型的基础上，利用流体仿真分析软件Fluent对其分别进行了数值模拟和性能分析，得出结论：具有条缝状气幕喷口的组合式吸嘴对地面上的灰尘颗粒有更好的吸尘效果，并且吸尘的距离更远，范围更大。
重力沉降除尘一般被全吸式干湿两用扫路车用作第一级除尘方式。通过对重力沉降室除尘机理的分析，得到了重力沉降室结构设计的基本原则和性能指标。在重力沉降室内部的挡板，可以起到延长灰尘颗粒通行路程和改变气流流向的作用。因此，挡板形式对重力沉降室除尘效率的高低有很大的影响。为了更好地研究不同挡板形式对除尘性能的影响，本文运用计算流体力学技术（CFD），对重力沉降室内部两种不同挡板形式下的流场进行了仿真分析，从而得到了最佳的重力沉降室结构设计方案。
关键词 全吸式干湿两用扫路车；组合式吸嘴；重力沉降室；CFD
Abstract
Wet and dry suction sweeper is a sanitational equipment of negative pressure vacuum, gravity sedimentational separation and garbage transport, widely used in the sweeping of trunk roads, airports, urban residential areas, parks and roads. Wet and dry suction sweeper can be divided into wet dust removal method and dry dust removal method. Dry dust removal method doesn’t need water system and regardless of the weather temperature limits. Wet dust removal method has good environmental performance and can prevent the dust into the atmosphere.
The main working medium of pneumatic system is air and work object is dust waste on the ground in wet and dry suction sweeper. The working principle is: centrifugal fan generates negative pressure in the mouth of combined nozzle, while the back chamber of combined nozzle exhausts closed air curtain through slit vents. With the joint action on the ground, the dust particles are sucked from the suction port and piped into gravity settling chamber and cyclone separators through the exhaust for dust filter. Clean air is discharged directly into the atmosphere, completing the function of wet and dry suction sweepers.
Structure of the combined nozzle determines the form of flow field inside the suction, and impacts on cleaning efficiency of the combined nozzle. The design theory of combined nozzle mainly related to dust dynamics, design calculations of closed air curtain and air convergence. On the basis of related theory and design principles of combined nozzle, the paper analyzes structural parameters of the exhaust port area S, nozzle length L, nozzle width B, nozzle height H, nozzle contraction angle α, tilt angle β of the dust tube and with the objective of local pressure loss minimization in suction of combined nozzle, optimizes the related design structural parameters of suction in combined nozzle. In the establishment of combined nozzle and ordinary pure suction nozzle, based on the use of fluid simulation software Fluent to their respective numerical simulation and performance analysis, the paper concludes that: a slit air curtain nozzle has a better effect on dust particles on the ground and also farther control range.
Gravity settling is generally used as the first stage of dust removal for wet and dry suction sweeper. With the analysis of dust remove mechanism of gravity settling chamber, the paper gets the basic principles of structural design and performance indicators. Internal baffle style in gravity settling chamber can extend the air traffic of dust particles in gravity settling chamber and change the direction. Therefore, the form of baffle has great impact on gravity settling chamber removal efficiency. Based on computational fluid dynamics CFD, the paper analyses internal flow field of gravity settling chamber under two different physical models of baffle forms to get the best gravity settling chamber design programs.
Keywords wet and dry suction sweeper；combined nozzle；gravity settling chamber；CFD
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract Ⅲ
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究的背景和意义 ..
全吸式干湿两用扫路车是一种集负压吸尘、重力沉降和垃圾运输为一体的环卫装备，广泛应用于干线公路、机场、城市住宅区和公园等的道路清扫。全吸式干湿两用扫路车按除尘方式一般可分为湿式和干式两种除尘方式。干式除尘方式不需要使用喷雾系统，不受环境温度的限制。湿式除尘方式可有效防止微尘排向大气，环保性能好。
全吸式干湿两用扫路车气路系统的主要工作介质是空气，工作对象是地面上的尘土垃圾。其工作原理为：离心式风机在组合式吸嘴的吸尘口处产生负压，同时组合式吸嘴的回吹风腔体通过条缝状喷口喷出封闭气幕，在两者的共同作用下，地面上的灰尘颗粒被吸尘口吸起，并通过排气管道输送到重力沉降室和旋风分离器中进行除尘过滤，过滤后的洁净空气则直接排入大气，完成全吸式干湿两用扫路车的主要功能。
组合式吸嘴的结构形式决定了组合式吸嘴内部的流场分布情况，从而对组合式吸嘴的吸尘效率产生影响。组合式吸嘴的设计主要涉及起尘动力学、封闭气幕的设计计算和空气汇流这三方面的理论。本文以相关理论为基础，结合组合式吸嘴的结构设计原则，分析了吸尘口的面积 、组合式吸嘴的长度 、组合式吸嘴的宽度 、组合式吸嘴的高度 、组合式吸嘴的收缩角 、排气管倾斜角 这六个结构参数对组合式吸嘴吸尘性能的影响，并以组合式吸嘴吸尘部分的局部压力损失最小为目标，对组合式吸嘴的相关结构参数进行了优化设计。在建立组合式吸嘴和普通纯吸式吸嘴物理模型的基础上，利用流体仿真分析软件Fluent对其分别进行了数值模拟和性能分析，得出结论：具有条缝状气幕喷口的组合式吸嘴对地面上的灰尘颗粒有更好的吸尘效果，并且吸尘的距离更远，范围更大。
重力沉降除尘一般被全吸式干湿两用扫路车用作第一级除尘方式。通过对重力沉降室除尘机理的分析，得到了重力沉降室结构设计的基本原则和性能指标。在重力沉降室内部的挡板，可以起到延长灰尘颗粒通行路程和改变气流流向的作用。因此，挡板形式对重力沉降室除尘效率的高低有很大的影响。为了更好地研究不同挡板形式对除尘性能的影响，本文运用计算流体力学技术（CFD），对重力沉降室内部两种不同挡板形式下的流场进行了仿真分析，从而得到了最佳的重力沉降室结构设计方案。
关键词 全吸式干湿两用扫路车；组合式吸嘴；重力沉降室；CFD
Abstract
Wet and dry suction sweeper is a sanitational equipment of negative pressure vacuum, gravity sedimentational separation and garbage transport, widely used in the sweeping of trunk roads, airports, urban residential areas, parks and roads. Wet and dry suction sweeper can be divided into wet dust removal method and dry dust removal method. Dry dust removal method doesn’t need water system and regardless of the weather temperature limits. Wet dust removal method has good environmental performance and can prevent the dust into the atmosphere.
The main working medium of pneumatic system is air and work object is dust waste on the ground in wet and dry suction sweeper. The working principle is: centrifugal fan generates negative pressure in the mouth of combined nozzle, while the back chamber of combined nozzle exhausts closed air curtain through slit vents. With the joint action on the ground, the dust particles are sucked from the suction port and piped into gravity settling chamber and cyclone separators through the exhaust for dust filter. Clean air is discharged directly into the atmosphere, completing the function of wet and dry suction sweepers.
Structure of the combined nozzle determines the form of flow field inside the suction, and impacts on cleaning efficiency of the combined nozzle. The design theory of combined nozzle mainly related to dust dynamics, design calculations of closed air curtain and air convergence. On the basis of related theory and design principles of combined nozzle, the paper analyzes structural parameters of the exhaust port area S, nozzle length L, nozzle width B, nozzle height H, nozzle contraction angle α, tilt angle β of the dust tube and with the objective of local pressure loss minimization in suction of combined nozzle, optimizes the related design structural parameters of suction in combined nozzle. In the establishment of combined nozzle and ordinary pure suction nozzle, based on the use of fluid simulation software Fluent to their respective numerical simulation and performance analysis, the paper concludes that: a slit air curtain nozzle has a better effect on dust particles on the ground and also farther control range.
Gravity settling is generally used as the first stage of dust removal for wet and dry suction sweeper. With the analysis of dust remove mechanism of gravity settling chamber, the paper gets the basic principles of structural design and performance indicators. Internal baffle style in gravity settling chamber can extend the air traffic of dust particles in gravity settling chamber and change the direction. Therefore, the form of baffle has great impact on gravity settling chamber removal efficiency. Based on computational fluid dynamics CFD, the paper analyses internal flow field of gravity settling chamber under two different physical models of baffle forms to get the best gravity settling chamber design programs.
Keywords wet and dry suction sweeper；combined nozzle；gravity settling chamber；CFD
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract Ⅲ
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究的背景和意义 ..
