双重介质中高速滑行艇的流体动力性能.doc
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双重介质中高速滑行艇的流体动力性能,摘要水面高速滑行艇具有速度快、机动性好、造价低等优点，作为未来海上无人艇常用艇型，被广泛应用于海洋环境观测，海上情报侦察、海上防护、目标攻击以及反潜等海洋军事领域。开展双重介质中高速滑行艇的流体动力性能与运动响应特性研究，对于探明滑行艇在水气交界面处高速航行的运动机理具有十分重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。本文运用cfd...
内容介绍
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摘要
水面高速滑行艇具有速度快、机动性好、造价低等优点，作为未来海上无人艇常用艇型，被广泛应用于海洋环境观测，海上情报侦察、海上防护、目标攻击以及反潜等海洋军事领域。开展双重介质中高速滑行艇的流体动力性能与运动响应特性研究，对于探明滑行艇在水气交界面处高速航行的运动机理具有十分重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。
本文运用CFD软件FLUENT开展了二维滑行艇模型在攻角 ， 下水动力/气动力耦合特性研究，重点分析了计入空气影响后的流体动力变化规律，给出了是否计入空气影响下的阻力、力矩的变化曲线，得出 ， 时计入空气后阻力增幅高达15.87%，力矩增幅达48.5%，空气动力的影响在计算中必须予以考虑，并探讨了攻角一定不同傅汝得数下艇底动压力的分布变化及滑行艇体艏部喷溅现象，得出了不同风压下滑行艇阻力变化与空气增阻的比例。研究了滑行艇响应运动下的水动力与空气动力，通过编写3自由度运动方程数学模型实时预报了滑行艇在推进速度给定条件下的升沉、纵摇耦合运动，并通过程序修正运动方程加速结果的收敛性与精度，分析了不同傅汝得数时阻力、升力及力矩的变化规律与升沉量、纵摇角的变化，从而得出艇体升沉、纵摇运动分别达到稳定状态的时间，并计入6、7、8级风压的影响研究滑行艇的升沉、纵摇值的变化。最后，初步开展了三维滑行艇的流体动力性能研究，进行了静水中滑行艇计入空气时的数值计算，分析不同傅汝得数下流体动力的变化、艇底动压力的分布变化及流场特性，同时开展三维滑行艇响应运动的数值模拟，得出升沉、纵摇曲线与艇体周围流场的变化。
通过开展双重介质中滑行艇流体动力特性研究，给出计入空气影响后滑行艇的流体动力变化规律，构建了运动响应数值预报模型，开展了响应运动时的流体动力特性分析，为探明诸如滑行艇此类的变排水量船的复杂运动机理提供了方法和研究思路。
关键词 滑行艇；空气动力；水动力；多自由度耦合运动；数值模拟
ABSTRACT
The planing craft has advantages of high speed, flexibility and low cost. And widely applied Marine environmental observing, sea intelligence reconnaissance, Marine protection, the target to attack and antisubmarine Marine in the military field as a common boat type of future sea craft. Carrying out the researches of planing boat hydrodynamic performance and response motion characteristics study for proving planing boat in the interface of high speed movement mechanism has important theoretical and practical value.
This paper uses CFD software FLUENT carried out research of a 2D planing craft model in the angle of attack and of hydrodynamic/ aerodynamic characteristics, and analyses the fluid dynamic variation after included the influence of air. It is concluded that, the resistance rise up 15.87%, moment rise up 48.5% after included air effects in angle of attack , , so aerodynamic influence in calculation must be considered. Then discusses the certain angle of dynamic pressure distribution of vessel bottom and spitting of bow, it is concluded that the changes of resistance after included air. Secondly, studies hydrodynamic and aerodynamic of the planing boat, real-time forecast heave and pitch coupling motion through writing 3-DOF equations, and accelerate result convergence and precision through the program correction. Analyzes the changes of resistance, lift, moment and curves of heave, pitch, then concluded that the stable state time.The changes of heave and pitch after considering 6、7、8 level of wind are given in this part. Finally, preliminary research of 3D planing boat hydrodynamic performance was carried out. Then carry on the numerical computation of including air effects, analyze hydrodynamic and dynamic pressure distribution of vessel bottom. While developing the simulation of 3D planing boat response movement, and concluding that the curves of heave and pitch motion and the flow field around the ship body.
Through the development of study of planing boat hydrodynamic characteristic , the change rule of planing boat hydrodynamic included air effects are given. Construct the response motion numerical prediction model, and carry out the hydrodynamic characteristic analysis for response motion, Provide methods and research thought for exploring complicated movement mechanism of the variable displacement ships such as planing boat.
Key Words planing craft；aerodynamic；hydrodynamic force；multi-freedom couple motion；numerical simulation
目 录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 本课题的研究背景 1
1.2 滑行艇的国内外研究现状 2
1.2.1 滑行艇研究概况 2
1.2.2滑行艇在静水中的操纵性研究概况 3
1.2.3滑行艇在波浪中的研究概况 3
1.2.4 滑行艇在风作用下的研究状况 3
1.3滑行艇的滑行特点及数值模型 4
1.3.1滑行艇的滑行历程及性能特点 4
1.3.2 滑行艇多自由度耦合运动的数学建模 6
1.3.3 滑行艇耦合运动的数值模拟 7
1.4本论文主要的研究内容 8
第2章 计算流体力学的基本原理和数值计算方法 9
2.1 引言 9
2.2 数值方法 9
2.2.1控制方程 9
2.2.2数值离散格式 10
2.2.3离散方程的求解 11
2.2.4 湍流模型 12
2.3 动网格处理技术 13
2.4 VOF法追踪自由液面 15
2.5 FLUENT软件简介 16
2.6 本章小结 17
第3章 滑行艇推进、垂荡和纵摇的耦合运动数学模型 18
3.1引言 18
3.2滑行艇纵向运动受力分析 18
3.2.1 静止时受力情况 18
3.2.2 航行时受力情况 19
3.3 滑行艇纵向运动的基本核心特点 ..
水面高速滑行艇具有速度快、机动性好、造价低等优点，作为未来海上无人艇常用艇型，被广泛应用于海洋环境观测，海上情报侦察、海上防护、目标攻击以及反潜等海洋军事领域。开展双重介质中高速滑行艇的流体动力性能与运动响应特性研究，对于探明滑行艇在水气交界面处高速航行的运动机理具有十分重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。
本文运用CFD软件FLUENT开展了二维滑行艇模型在攻角 ， 下水动力/气动力耦合特性研究，重点分析了计入空气影响后的流体动力变化规律，给出了是否计入空气影响下的阻力、力矩的变化曲线，得出 ， 时计入空气后阻力增幅高达15.87%，力矩增幅达48.5%，空气动力的影响在计算中必须予以考虑，并探讨了攻角一定不同傅汝得数下艇底动压力的分布变化及滑行艇体艏部喷溅现象，得出了不同风压下滑行艇阻力变化与空气增阻的比例。研究了滑行艇响应运动下的水动力与空气动力，通过编写3自由度运动方程数学模型实时预报了滑行艇在推进速度给定条件下的升沉、纵摇耦合运动，并通过程序修正运动方程加速结果的收敛性与精度，分析了不同傅汝得数时阻力、升力及力矩的变化规律与升沉量、纵摇角的变化，从而得出艇体升沉、纵摇运动分别达到稳定状态的时间，并计入6、7、8级风压的影响研究滑行艇的升沉、纵摇值的变化。最后，初步开展了三维滑行艇的流体动力性能研究，进行了静水中滑行艇计入空气时的数值计算，分析不同傅汝得数下流体动力的变化、艇底动压力的分布变化及流场特性，同时开展三维滑行艇响应运动的数值模拟，得出升沉、纵摇曲线与艇体周围流场的变化。
通过开展双重介质中滑行艇流体动力特性研究，给出计入空气影响后滑行艇的流体动力变化规律，构建了运动响应数值预报模型，开展了响应运动时的流体动力特性分析，为探明诸如滑行艇此类的变排水量船的复杂运动机理提供了方法和研究思路。
关键词 滑行艇；空气动力；水动力；多自由度耦合运动；数值模拟
ABSTRACT
The planing craft has advantages of high speed, flexibility and low cost. And widely applied Marine environmental observing, sea intelligence reconnaissance, Marine protection, the target to attack and antisubmarine Marine in the military field as a common boat type of future sea craft. Carrying out the researches of planing boat hydrodynamic performance and response motion characteristics study for proving planing boat in the interface of high speed movement mechanism has important theoretical and practical value.
This paper uses CFD software FLUENT carried out research of a 2D planing craft model in the angle of attack and of hydrodynamic/ aerodynamic characteristics, and analyses the fluid dynamic variation after included the influence of air. It is concluded that, the resistance rise up 15.87%, moment rise up 48.5% after included air effects in angle of attack , , so aerodynamic influence in calculation must be considered. Then discusses the certain angle of dynamic pressure distribution of vessel bottom and spitting of bow, it is concluded that the changes of resistance after included air. Secondly, studies hydrodynamic and aerodynamic of the planing boat, real-time forecast heave and pitch coupling motion through writing 3-DOF equations, and accelerate result convergence and precision through the program correction. Analyzes the changes of resistance, lift, moment and curves of heave, pitch, then concluded that the stable state time.The changes of heave and pitch after considering 6、7、8 level of wind are given in this part. Finally, preliminary research of 3D planing boat hydrodynamic performance was carried out. Then carry on the numerical computation of including air effects, analyze hydrodynamic and dynamic pressure distribution of vessel bottom. While developing the simulation of 3D planing boat response movement, and concluding that the curves of heave and pitch motion and the flow field around the ship body.
Through the development of study of planing boat hydrodynamic characteristic , the change rule of planing boat hydrodynamic included air effects are given. Construct the response motion numerical prediction model, and carry out the hydrodynamic characteristic analysis for response motion, Provide methods and research thought for exploring complicated movement mechanism of the variable displacement ships such as planing boat.
Key Words planing craft；aerodynamic；hydrodynamic force；multi-freedom couple motion；numerical simulation
目 录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 本课题的研究背景 1
1.2 滑行艇的国内外研究现状 2
1.2.1 滑行艇研究概况 2
1.2.2滑行艇在静水中的操纵性研究概况 3
1.2.3滑行艇在波浪中的研究概况 3
1.2.4 滑行艇在风作用下的研究状况 3
1.3滑行艇的滑行特点及数值模型 4
1.3.1滑行艇的滑行历程及性能特点 4
1.3.2 滑行艇多自由度耦合运动的数学建模 6
1.3.3 滑行艇耦合运动的数值模拟 7
1.4本论文主要的研究内容 8
第2章 计算流体力学的基本原理和数值计算方法 9
2.1 引言 9
2.2 数值方法 9
2.2.1控制方程 9
2.2.2数值离散格式 10
2.2.3离散方程的求解 11
2.2.4 湍流模型 12
2.3 动网格处理技术 13
2.4 VOF法追踪自由液面 15
2.5 FLUENT软件简介 16
2.6 本章小结 17
第3章 滑行艇推进、垂荡和纵摇的耦合运动数学模型 18
3.1引言 18
3.2滑行艇纵向运动受力分析 18
3.2.1 静止时受力情况 18
3.2.2 航行时受力情况 19
3.3 滑行艇纵向运动的基本核心特点 ..
