半岩半土隧道围岩.doc
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半岩半土隧道围岩,摘要随着我国城市化进程的加快，盾构法施工技术以其安全、快速、对环境影响小等优点得到越来越广泛的应用。但是隧洞开挖经常会碰到半硬半软岩层，本文中的半硬半软岩层是指在开挖隧道横断面一半为风化岩，其结构较完整，岩石强度较大；另一半为残疾土，较破碎，强度较低。当隧道穿过半岩半土地质条件下，挖围岩受力和变形都会随之变化。而研究围...
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摘 要
随着我国城市化进程的加快，盾构法施工技术以其安全、快速、对环境影响小等优点得到越来越广泛的应用。但是隧洞开挖经常会碰到半硬半软岩层，本文中的半硬半软岩层是指在开挖隧道横断面一半为风化岩，其结构较完整，岩石强度较大；另一半为残疾土，较破碎，强度较低。当隧道穿过半岩半土地质条件下，挖围岩受力和变形都会随之变化。而研究围岩稳定性及分析变形的成因，分析隧道的受力状态变化情况及对周围环境的影响情况，从而为实际隧道及地下工程施工提供理论指导作用就成了当务之急的任务。本文以长沙地铁2号线某区间隧道为工程背景，利用数值模拟分析方法对隧道进行了三维有限元分析，分析半岩半土围岩隧道围岩应力和位移变化分布特征及超孔隙水压等影响因素，得到对实际工程有参考价值的结论，指导设计并优化施工，为日后类似工程提供借鉴与参考。主要完成了以下工作：
（1）本文以长沙地铁2号线某区间隧道为工程背景，运用大型有限元软件ADINA建立了隧道开挖三维弹塑性模型对半岩半土隧道施工开挖进行模拟。研究了不考虑地下水和考虑地下水不同工况下，隧道结构和围岩变形、受力情况以及考虑地下水超孔隙水压的变化情况。
（2）对现场监测数据分析，并且对比数值模拟，发现数值模拟结果与监测结果存在一定的误差，但监测数据与数值模拟结果的变化规律是一致的，验证了数值模拟研究半岩半土隧道结构稳定性的可行性。
关键词：半岩半土隧道；围岩稳定；数值模拟；超孔隙水压；实测数据分析
Abstract
With the development of our national economy, many major cities are being construct or about to construct Subway. Because by the subway tunnel construction project management environment and the uniqueness or various uncertainties. But the tunnel excavation often will meet half hard half a soft layer, this paper in half hard soft layer is to point to in half tunnel excavation cross-sectional half for weathered rock, where structure is complete, the rock strength is greater; The other is disabled soilwith broken andintensity.When the tunnel through half rock mass under the condition of half the land, dig surrounding rock stress and deformation will be changed. But the stability of surrounding rock and analysis the causes of the deformation, analysis of the tunnel , change of stress and ground surface settlement, in order to provide theoretical guidance for engineering construction has become the task of top priority role.Based on the tunnel engineering of subway 2 line in ChangSha,we can use numerical simulation analysis method to get surrounding rock stress change rule,deformation and the change of the excess pore water pressure.The useful conclusions for actual works have been gained, which can guide the design and optimize construction, and offer reference for the future similar projects., the main completed the following work：
(1) The subject of this thesis is the verification of a three-dimensional numerical modelling approach for the prediction of stabilityof the surround rock due to tunnelling in the half-hard and half-soft rock.Based on the tunnel engineering of subway 2 line in ChangSha which is the tunnel of construction work, using the finite element software ADINA for non-linear finite element analysis.By analyzing the distribution characteristics and some effect factors of the soil-rock and a half tunnel structure’s displacement and stress,the useful conclusions for actual works have been gained, which can guide the design and optimize construction, and offer reference for the future similar projects.
(2) The monitoring data and numerical simulation results were compared，results showed that：there is some error between the simulation result and the monitoring results,but monitoring data and the numerical simulation results are consistent with the change rule in the tunnel of half rock and half soil surrounding rock.In a way, the results of numerical simulation can guide the design and construction.
Key words：Tunnel of half-hard and half-soft rock;Stability of surrounding rock;numerical simulation;excess pore pressure;The ansys of monitoring data
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract III
目 录 V
Contents VII
第1章 绪 论 1
1.1. 序言 1
1.2. 国内外研究概况 2
1.2.1. 开挖面稳定系数法 3
1.2.2. 试验研究方法 3
1.2.3. 极限平衡法 4
1.2.4. 理论分析方法 5
1.2.5. 有限元法 5
1.2.6. 反分析法 6
1.3. 本文工作 7
第2章 隧道围岩失稳特点和隧道工程概况 8
2.1. 隧道围岩稳定概述 8
2.2. 隧道围岩稳定的影响因素 8
2.2.1. 自然因素的影响 8
2.2.2. 人为因素 10
2.3. 围岩初始地应力场 10
2.3.1. 重力应力场 10
2.3.2. 构造应力场 12
2.4. 隧道围岩稳定性判据 12
2.4.1. 隧道围岩分级 12
2.4.2. 围岩强度判据 13
2.4.3. 围岩极限应变判据 13
2.4.4. 围岩位移判据 14
2.5. 工程背景 14
2.5.1. 工程地质 15
2.5.2. 水文地质条件评价 16
2.5.3. 隧洞经过的岩土工程条件评价 19
2.5.4. 隧道施工监测 19
2.6. 本章小结 20
第3章 半岩半土隧道有限单元方法 21
3.1. 有限元发展概况 21
3.2. 有限单元法的基本步骤 21
3.3. 本构模型和屈服准则 22
3.3.1. 岩土材料本构模型 22
3.3.2. 支护单元的选取 24
3.3.3. 注浆单元模拟 25
3.4. 弹性力学基本方程 26
3..
随着我国城市化进程的加快，盾构法施工技术以其安全、快速、对环境影响小等优点得到越来越广泛的应用。但是隧洞开挖经常会碰到半硬半软岩层，本文中的半硬半软岩层是指在开挖隧道横断面一半为风化岩，其结构较完整，岩石强度较大；另一半为残疾土，较破碎，强度较低。当隧道穿过半岩半土地质条件下，挖围岩受力和变形都会随之变化。而研究围岩稳定性及分析变形的成因，分析隧道的受力状态变化情况及对周围环境的影响情况，从而为实际隧道及地下工程施工提供理论指导作用就成了当务之急的任务。本文以长沙地铁2号线某区间隧道为工程背景，利用数值模拟分析方法对隧道进行了三维有限元分析，分析半岩半土围岩隧道围岩应力和位移变化分布特征及超孔隙水压等影响因素，得到对实际工程有参考价值的结论，指导设计并优化施工，为日后类似工程提供借鉴与参考。主要完成了以下工作：
（1）本文以长沙地铁2号线某区间隧道为工程背景，运用大型有限元软件ADINA建立了隧道开挖三维弹塑性模型对半岩半土隧道施工开挖进行模拟。研究了不考虑地下水和考虑地下水不同工况下，隧道结构和围岩变形、受力情况以及考虑地下水超孔隙水压的变化情况。
（2）对现场监测数据分析，并且对比数值模拟，发现数值模拟结果与监测结果存在一定的误差，但监测数据与数值模拟结果的变化规律是一致的，验证了数值模拟研究半岩半土隧道结构稳定性的可行性。
关键词：半岩半土隧道；围岩稳定；数值模拟；超孔隙水压；实测数据分析
Abstract
With the development of our national economy, many major cities are being construct or about to construct Subway. Because by the subway tunnel construction project management environment and the uniqueness or various uncertainties. But the tunnel excavation often will meet half hard half a soft layer, this paper in half hard soft layer is to point to in half tunnel excavation cross-sectional half for weathered rock, where structure is complete, the rock strength is greater; The other is disabled soilwith broken andintensity.When the tunnel through half rock mass under the condition of half the land, dig surrounding rock stress and deformation will be changed. But the stability of surrounding rock and analysis the causes of the deformation, analysis of the tunnel , change of stress and ground surface settlement, in order to provide theoretical guidance for engineering construction has become the task of top priority role.Based on the tunnel engineering of subway 2 line in ChangSha,we can use numerical simulation analysis method to get surrounding rock stress change rule,deformation and the change of the excess pore water pressure.The useful conclusions for actual works have been gained, which can guide the design and optimize construction, and offer reference for the future similar projects., the main completed the following work：
(1) The subject of this thesis is the verification of a three-dimensional numerical modelling approach for the prediction of stabilityof the surround rock due to tunnelling in the half-hard and half-soft rock.Based on the tunnel engineering of subway 2 line in ChangSha which is the tunnel of construction work, using the finite element software ADINA for non-linear finite element analysis.By analyzing the distribution characteristics and some effect factors of the soil-rock and a half tunnel structure’s displacement and stress,the useful conclusions for actual works have been gained, which can guide the design and optimize construction, and offer reference for the future similar projects.
(2) The monitoring data and numerical simulation results were compared，results showed that：there is some error between the simulation result and the monitoring results,but monitoring data and the numerical simulation results are consistent with the change rule in the tunnel of half rock and half soil surrounding rock.In a way, the results of numerical simulation can guide the design and construction.
Key words：Tunnel of half-hard and half-soft rock;Stability of surrounding rock;numerical simulation;excess pore pressure;The ansys of monitoring data
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract III
目 录 V
Contents VII
第1章 绪 论 1
1.1. 序言 1
1.2. 国内外研究概况 2
1.2.1. 开挖面稳定系数法 3
1.2.2. 试验研究方法 3
1.2.3. 极限平衡法 4
1.2.4. 理论分析方法 5
1.2.5. 有限元法 5
1.2.6. 反分析法 6
1.3. 本文工作 7
第2章 隧道围岩失稳特点和隧道工程概况 8
2.1. 隧道围岩稳定概述 8
2.2. 隧道围岩稳定的影响因素 8
2.2.1. 自然因素的影响 8
2.2.2. 人为因素 10
2.3. 围岩初始地应力场 10
2.3.1. 重力应力场 10
2.3.2. 构造应力场 12
2.4. 隧道围岩稳定性判据 12
2.4.1. 隧道围岩分级 12
2.4.2. 围岩强度判据 13
2.4.3. 围岩极限应变判据 13
2.4.4. 围岩位移判据 14
2.5. 工程背景 14
2.5.1. 工程地质 15
2.5.2. 水文地质条件评价 16
2.5.3. 隧洞经过的岩土工程条件评价 19
2.5.4. 隧道施工监测 19
2.6. 本章小结 20
第3章 半岩半土隧道有限单元方法 21
3.1. 有限元发展概况 21
3.2. 有限单元法的基本步骤 21
3.3. 本构模型和屈服准则 22
3.3.1. 岩土材料本构模型 22
3.3.2. 支护单元的选取 24
3.3.3. 注浆单元模拟 25
3.4. 弹性力学基本方程 26
3..
