柴油-lng双燃料内河散货船.doc
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柴油-lng双燃料内河散货船,摘要船舶通常使用柴油作为燃料，而本文研究的柴油-lng双燃料散货船以柴油作为发动燃料，然后在船舶的运行过程中使用天然气作为燃料。对船用柴油机进行柴油-lng双燃料混合动力的研究开发，意在推动低碳经济、发展绿色航运、打造低碳船舶。天然气燃烧后只产生二氧化碳和水，不产生对大气危害较大的物质，是一种高效清洁的能源，符合节能环...
内容介绍
此文档由会员 违规屏蔽12 发布
摘要
船舶通常使用柴油作为燃料，而本文研究的柴油-LNG双燃料散货船以柴油作为发动燃料，然后在船舶的运行过程中使用天然气作为燃料。对船用柴油机进行柴油-LNG双燃料混合动力的研究开发，意在推动低碳经济、发展绿色航运、打造低碳船舶。天然气燃烧后只产生二氧化碳和水，不产生对大气危害较大的物质，是一种高效清洁的能源，符合节能环保的要求。然而，改装后的船舶，因为加设了LNG储气罐，增加了LNG泄露后发生火灾事故的风险，因此需要对LNG储气罐进行火灾事故的风险分析。
本文在风险评估理论的基础上，对柴油-LNG内河散货船的天然气泄漏事故进行了风险识别；根据石油化工行业的风险评估标准，研究了燃气泄漏后发生火灾的概率，预测了火灾事故的损害半径，实现了对事故影响范围和人员、环境伤害后果的预测并提出了降低风险的措施；利用DYTRAN软件，对天然气泄漏爆炸后对船体结构的损伤后果进行了模拟分析。
本文主要研究工作如下：
（1）阐述了风险评估的内容，重点介绍危险识别的方法，并对双燃料船舶的燃气泄露事故进行了风险识别；运用故障树法探讨了LNG储罐发生天然气泄漏事故的后果；利用事件树法分析了机舱发生天然气泄漏的事故后果。
（2）基于DNV概率统计法研究了甲板上部管路发生泄露的概率，利用石油化工行业的风险评估标准对LNG储罐附管和甲板上部管路在不同泄漏工况下发生火灾的概率分别进行了计算。
（3）在不同泄漏工况下，量化模拟了LNG储罐附管和甲板上部管路泄漏气体浓度扩散范围、火灾影响范围、火灾热辐射、爆炸后果，并且提出了降低风险的措施。
（4）对可能发生天然气泄漏的机舱部分进行定量风险分析，介绍了机舱发生火灾的原因和特点，并将机舱的管路分为管道泄漏模型和小孔泄漏模型两种类型进行分析，提出保证机舱安全的措施。
（5）利用Neptune软件预测了机舱天然气泄露的概率和极端状况下机舱管路天然气泄漏引发火灾的后果，根据石油化工行业的风险评估标准得出发生火灾的概率。
（6）在MSC.Dytran的基本理论基础上，研究了天然气发生蒸气云爆炸对船体结构的影响后果，数值模拟了船尾上层建筑和甲板结构在空中爆炸冲击波作用下的动态响应，分析了双燃料船在冲击波载荷作用下的响应特征和能量吸收特性。
关键词：柴油—LNG双燃料船；天然气泄漏；火灾爆炸；风险评估
Abstract
Ship diesel fuel used as usual, and diesel-LNG dual fuel bulk carriers this paper studied use diesel fuel as a start, and then use natural gas as fuel in the operation of the ship. Hybrid's research and development of diesel-LNG dual fuel is to promote a low carbon economy, develop green shipping and make the low carbon ships. Natural gas is a kind of high efficient clean energy meeting the energy conservation and environmental protection requirements, which wouldn’t produce the materials that harm to the atmosphere but carbon dioxide and water after burning. However, the modification of the ship, for adding the LNG storage tank, is increased discoverable LNG fire accident risk. So we need to analysis LNG storage tank fire accident risk.
In this paper, risk identification of diesel-LNG inland bulk carrier, when gas leakage accident happened, is analyzed based on the theory of risk assessment. According to the risk assessment risk of petrochemical industry standard, the fire probabilities after LNG gas leaking are calculated, the fire accident damage radius are forecasted. Influence scope of accident, damage of personnel and environment are forecasted. The measures to reduce the risks are put forward. By using DYTRAN software, the damage to the hull structure after the explosion of natural gas leaking are simulated and analyzed.
This paper main research works and the conclusions are as follows:
(1) The content of the risk assessment is expounded, the key risk identification method is introduced and the risk of dual fuel ship gas leak accident is identified. By using the fault tree method, the consequences when LNG storage tank of gas accident are probed; By using event tree analysis method, the consequences of the natural gas leakage are analyzed.
(2) Fire probabilities of pipeline leakage of LNG storage tanks and upper deck in different conditions are respectively calculated based on DNV probability statistics. By using mathematical model, LNG storage tanks and the upper deck subject to pipeline leak in different conditions, the probabilities of fire are calculated.
(3) In different leak conditions, with pipe and the diffusion area of the gas pipeline leaking of LNG tanks and upper the deck, fires affecting range, fire thermal radiation, explosion consequences are simulated quantitatively and the measures to reduce the risks are put forward.
(4) Gas leak which may happen in cabin part of quantitative risk is analysis, the reasons and characteristics of fire are introduced. And the pipeline leak model and two holes leak model are analyzed, the measures to ensure the safety are proposed.
(5) Probabilities of fuel gas leaking and fires consequences of cabin in extreme conditions of natural gas pipeline leaking by Neptune software are forecasted. According to the mathematical mode, fire probabilities are calculated.
(6) According to the basic theory of MSC. DYTRAN theory, the consequences to hull structure are researched, dynamic responses of stern superstructure and ..
船舶通常使用柴油作为燃料，而本文研究的柴油-LNG双燃料散货船以柴油作为发动燃料，然后在船舶的运行过程中使用天然气作为燃料。对船用柴油机进行柴油-LNG双燃料混合动力的研究开发，意在推动低碳经济、发展绿色航运、打造低碳船舶。天然气燃烧后只产生二氧化碳和水，不产生对大气危害较大的物质，是一种高效清洁的能源，符合节能环保的要求。然而，改装后的船舶，因为加设了LNG储气罐，增加了LNG泄露后发生火灾事故的风险，因此需要对LNG储气罐进行火灾事故的风险分析。
本文在风险评估理论的基础上，对柴油-LNG内河散货船的天然气泄漏事故进行了风险识别；根据石油化工行业的风险评估标准，研究了燃气泄漏后发生火灾的概率，预测了火灾事故的损害半径，实现了对事故影响范围和人员、环境伤害后果的预测并提出了降低风险的措施；利用DYTRAN软件，对天然气泄漏爆炸后对船体结构的损伤后果进行了模拟分析。
本文主要研究工作如下：
（1）阐述了风险评估的内容，重点介绍危险识别的方法，并对双燃料船舶的燃气泄露事故进行了风险识别；运用故障树法探讨了LNG储罐发生天然气泄漏事故的后果；利用事件树法分析了机舱发生天然气泄漏的事故后果。
（2）基于DNV概率统计法研究了甲板上部管路发生泄露的概率，利用石油化工行业的风险评估标准对LNG储罐附管和甲板上部管路在不同泄漏工况下发生火灾的概率分别进行了计算。
（3）在不同泄漏工况下，量化模拟了LNG储罐附管和甲板上部管路泄漏气体浓度扩散范围、火灾影响范围、火灾热辐射、爆炸后果，并且提出了降低风险的措施。
（4）对可能发生天然气泄漏的机舱部分进行定量风险分析，介绍了机舱发生火灾的原因和特点，并将机舱的管路分为管道泄漏模型和小孔泄漏模型两种类型进行分析，提出保证机舱安全的措施。
（5）利用Neptune软件预测了机舱天然气泄露的概率和极端状况下机舱管路天然气泄漏引发火灾的后果，根据石油化工行业的风险评估标准得出发生火灾的概率。
（6）在MSC.Dytran的基本理论基础上，研究了天然气发生蒸气云爆炸对船体结构的影响后果，数值模拟了船尾上层建筑和甲板结构在空中爆炸冲击波作用下的动态响应，分析了双燃料船在冲击波载荷作用下的响应特征和能量吸收特性。
关键词：柴油—LNG双燃料船；天然气泄漏；火灾爆炸；风险评估
Abstract
Ship diesel fuel used as usual, and diesel-LNG dual fuel bulk carriers this paper studied use diesel fuel as a start, and then use natural gas as fuel in the operation of the ship. Hybrid's research and development of diesel-LNG dual fuel is to promote a low carbon economy, develop green shipping and make the low carbon ships. Natural gas is a kind of high efficient clean energy meeting the energy conservation and environmental protection requirements, which wouldn’t produce the materials that harm to the atmosphere but carbon dioxide and water after burning. However, the modification of the ship, for adding the LNG storage tank, is increased discoverable LNG fire accident risk. So we need to analysis LNG storage tank fire accident risk.
In this paper, risk identification of diesel-LNG inland bulk carrier, when gas leakage accident happened, is analyzed based on the theory of risk assessment. According to the risk assessment risk of petrochemical industry standard, the fire probabilities after LNG gas leaking are calculated, the fire accident damage radius are forecasted. Influence scope of accident, damage of personnel and environment are forecasted. The measures to reduce the risks are put forward. By using DYTRAN software, the damage to the hull structure after the explosion of natural gas leaking are simulated and analyzed.
This paper main research works and the conclusions are as follows:
(1) The content of the risk assessment is expounded, the key risk identification method is introduced and the risk of dual fuel ship gas leak accident is identified. By using the fault tree method, the consequences when LNG storage tank of gas accident are probed; By using event tree analysis method, the consequences of the natural gas leakage are analyzed.
(2) Fire probabilities of pipeline leakage of LNG storage tanks and upper deck in different conditions are respectively calculated based on DNV probability statistics. By using mathematical model, LNG storage tanks and the upper deck subject to pipeline leak in different conditions, the probabilities of fire are calculated.
(3) In different leak conditions, with pipe and the diffusion area of the gas pipeline leaking of LNG tanks and upper the deck, fires affecting range, fire thermal radiation, explosion consequences are simulated quantitatively and the measures to reduce the risks are put forward.
(4) Gas leak which may happen in cabin part of quantitative risk is analysis, the reasons and characteristics of fire are introduced. And the pipeline leak model and two holes leak model are analyzed, the measures to ensure the safety are proposed.
(5) Probabilities of fuel gas leaking and fires consequences of cabin in extreme conditions of natural gas pipeline leaking by Neptune software are forecasted. According to the mathematical mode, fire probabilities are calculated.
(6) According to the basic theory of MSC. DYTRAN theory, the consequences to hull structure are researched, dynamic responses of stern superstructure and ..
