基于样图的纹理合成.doc
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基于样图的纹理合成,摘 要纹理合成是图像处理、计算机图形学研究的重点领域之一，其目的是利用计算机通过算法产生高质量的纹理。是最受关注的合成技术之一，它克服了传统纹理合成过程中出现的种种缺点，利用小块纹理样本就能输出大分辨率的纹理图像，可广泛应用于计算机三维可视化、虚拟现实、高仿真游戏以及电影特技中。提高纹理合成的速度和质...
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摘 要
纹理合成是图像处理、计算机图形学研究的重点领域之一，其目的是利用计算机通过算法产生高质量的纹理。基于样图的纹理合成是最受关注的合成技术之一，它克服了传统纹理合成过程中出现的种种缺点，利用小块纹理样本就能输出大分辨率的纹理图像，可广泛应用于计算机三维可视化、虚拟现实、高仿真游戏以及电影特技中。
提高纹理合成的速度和质量一直是基于样图的纹理合成研究的两个最基本的问题，近年来纹理合成的质量有很大提高。因此，本文在保证纹理合成质量的前提下，将如何提高纹理合成的效率和速度作为重点的研究内容。本文的主要工作和创新点如下：
1. 在研究基于MRF理论的纹理合成方法的基础上，提出了一种基于SFLA-PSO混合算法的纹理合成方法，以加速纹理合成过程中最耗时的邻域搜索匹配。实验结果表明，SFLA-PSO算法有PSO算法的简洁高效、搜索速度快的特点，同时又兼具SFLA全局搜索能力强，不易陷入局部最优的优点，应用到纹理合成中效果显著，性能稳定。
2. 提出了一种块自增的纹理合成方法，通过在新合成的纹理中选取尺寸不断增加的纹理块来分步加速合成图像。由于纹理块的尺寸不断增加，合成的速度相较之固定尺寸的合成方法大幅提高，使得合成算法对于图片分辨率的时间复杂度降低了一个函数阶次。
3. 针对彩色纹理的合成，根据HVS理论进一步改进了灰度辅助合成的方法，使得算法更为方便简洁；对于纹理块接缝处理，采取了权值融合的接缝平滑技术，相对于Efros的经典缝合方法更加易于实现，计算量也相对较少；将上述各种加速手段结合起来，综合运用到纹理合成过程中，使得合成速度显著提高。
关键词 纹理合成；混合蛙跳；粒子群；块拼接；权值融合；灰度辅助合成
Abstract
Texture synthesis is one of the most important researching fields of image processing and computer graphics , what its purpose is to generate high quality texture by using computer through algorithm . Texture synthesising from samples is now the most concerned synthesis technology by the researchers, it overcame the shortcomings appeared in the process of traditional texture synthesis, Only using small texture samples can output large scale resolution texture image. This technology can be widely applied to computer 3D visualization, virtual reality, photo real video games and movie stunt, which makes it become one of the most popular directions of the researchers of computer graphic and image.
Improving the speed and quality of texture synthesis has been two basic issues of texture synthesis for years ,thinks for the efforts of the researchers , the quality of texture synthesis has been greatly improved. Therefore, this paper try to speed up the texture synthesis on the premise of guaranteed quality . The main work and innovations are as follows:
1.This paper analyzes the characteristics and limitations of MRF-based texture synthesis, present a SFLA-PSO algorithm of texture synthesis to accelerate the neighborhood search matching which is the most time-consuming process of texture synthesis. SFLA-PSO has the characteristic as PSO algorithm such like simple, efficient and fast, while also has the global search capability as SFLA ,not easy to fall into the local optimum in the neighborhood of texture synthesis, It performance well when applied to texture synthesis and works stabely.
2.This paper presents a block inreasing method to synthesis texture, the principle is that selecte increasing size of the block in the newly substep synthesized texture to synthesis finally image. Since the size of the texture blocks increases, the speed of synthesis is much faster compared with fixed size.
3.With color texture synthesis, we improved gray assisted synthesis algorithm further , making it more convenient and simple ;to deal with the blocks joint, this paper use weights blending technology to smooth the joint, as opposed to the classical Efros Image Quilting method it is more easy to implement, relatively few computing; this paper integrate the above methods to accelerate the synthesis process, making the synthesis rate increased significantly.
Keywords Texture Synthesis；Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm；Particle Swarm Optimization；Block Matching；Weight Blending；Gray Assistant Synthesis
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究的历史和现状 2
1.3 论文的主要内容和组织结构 3
第2章 基于样图的纹理合成技术 5
2.1 引言 5
2.1.1 纹理的概念 5
2.1.2 纹理的分类 6
2.2 马尔科夫随机场 6
2.2.1 基于图的MRF模型 8
2.2.2 基于图的GRF模型 9
2.3 基于MRF的纹理合成算法 10
2.3.1 WL算法 10
2.3.2 Ashikhmin算法 12
2.4 基于块拼接的纹理合成算法 13
2.4.1 Efros算法 14
2.4.2 LL算法 15
2.5 本章小结 17
第3章 基于SFLA-PSO的纹理合成算法 19
3.1 引言 19
3.2 PSO粒子群优化算法 19
3.2.1 算法的数学描述 20
3.2.2 算法的实现和流程 22
3.2.3 算法的参数分析 23
3.3 基于PSO的纹理合成算法 25
3.3.1 算法原理 25
3.3.2 粒子的纹理意义 25
3.3.3 算法实现 26
3.3...
纹理合成是图像处理、计算机图形学研究的重点领域之一，其目的是利用计算机通过算法产生高质量的纹理。基于样图的纹理合成是最受关注的合成技术之一，它克服了传统纹理合成过程中出现的种种缺点，利用小块纹理样本就能输出大分辨率的纹理图像，可广泛应用于计算机三维可视化、虚拟现实、高仿真游戏以及电影特技中。
提高纹理合成的速度和质量一直是基于样图的纹理合成研究的两个最基本的问题，近年来纹理合成的质量有很大提高。因此，本文在保证纹理合成质量的前提下，将如何提高纹理合成的效率和速度作为重点的研究内容。本文的主要工作和创新点如下：
1. 在研究基于MRF理论的纹理合成方法的基础上，提出了一种基于SFLA-PSO混合算法的纹理合成方法，以加速纹理合成过程中最耗时的邻域搜索匹配。实验结果表明，SFLA-PSO算法有PSO算法的简洁高效、搜索速度快的特点，同时又兼具SFLA全局搜索能力强，不易陷入局部最优的优点，应用到纹理合成中效果显著，性能稳定。
2. 提出了一种块自增的纹理合成方法，通过在新合成的纹理中选取尺寸不断增加的纹理块来分步加速合成图像。由于纹理块的尺寸不断增加，合成的速度相较之固定尺寸的合成方法大幅提高，使得合成算法对于图片分辨率的时间复杂度降低了一个函数阶次。
3. 针对彩色纹理的合成，根据HVS理论进一步改进了灰度辅助合成的方法，使得算法更为方便简洁；对于纹理块接缝处理，采取了权值融合的接缝平滑技术，相对于Efros的经典缝合方法更加易于实现，计算量也相对较少；将上述各种加速手段结合起来，综合运用到纹理合成过程中，使得合成速度显著提高。
关键词 纹理合成；混合蛙跳；粒子群；块拼接；权值融合；灰度辅助合成
Abstract
Texture synthesis is one of the most important researching fields of image processing and computer graphics , what its purpose is to generate high quality texture by using computer through algorithm . Texture synthesising from samples is now the most concerned synthesis technology by the researchers, it overcame the shortcomings appeared in the process of traditional texture synthesis, Only using small texture samples can output large scale resolution texture image. This technology can be widely applied to computer 3D visualization, virtual reality, photo real video games and movie stunt, which makes it become one of the most popular directions of the researchers of computer graphic and image.
Improving the speed and quality of texture synthesis has been two basic issues of texture synthesis for years ,thinks for the efforts of the researchers , the quality of texture synthesis has been greatly improved. Therefore, this paper try to speed up the texture synthesis on the premise of guaranteed quality . The main work and innovations are as follows:
1.This paper analyzes the characteristics and limitations of MRF-based texture synthesis, present a SFLA-PSO algorithm of texture synthesis to accelerate the neighborhood search matching which is the most time-consuming process of texture synthesis. SFLA-PSO has the characteristic as PSO algorithm such like simple, efficient and fast, while also has the global search capability as SFLA ,not easy to fall into the local optimum in the neighborhood of texture synthesis, It performance well when applied to texture synthesis and works stabely.
2.This paper presents a block inreasing method to synthesis texture, the principle is that selecte increasing size of the block in the newly substep synthesized texture to synthesis finally image. Since the size of the texture blocks increases, the speed of synthesis is much faster compared with fixed size.
3.With color texture synthesis, we improved gray assisted synthesis algorithm further , making it more convenient and simple ;to deal with the blocks joint, this paper use weights blending technology to smooth the joint, as opposed to the classical Efros Image Quilting method it is more easy to implement, relatively few computing; this paper integrate the above methods to accelerate the synthesis process, making the synthesis rate increased significantly.
Keywords Texture Synthesis；Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm；Particle Swarm Optimization；Block Matching；Weight Blending；Gray Assistant Synthesis
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究的历史和现状 2
1.3 论文的主要内容和组织结构 3
第2章 基于样图的纹理合成技术 5
2.1 引言 5
2.1.1 纹理的概念 5
2.1.2 纹理的分类 6
2.2 马尔科夫随机场 6
2.2.1 基于图的MRF模型 8
2.2.2 基于图的GRF模型 9
2.3 基于MRF的纹理合成算法 10
2.3.1 WL算法 10
2.3.2 Ashikhmin算法 12
2.4 基于块拼接的纹理合成算法 13
2.4.1 Efros算法 14
2.4.2 LL算法 15
2.5 本章小结 17
第3章 基于SFLA-PSO的纹理合成算法 19
3.1 引言 19
3.2 PSO粒子群优化算法 19
3.2.1 算法的数学描述 20
3.2.2 算法的实现和流程 22
3.2.3 算法的参数分析 23
3.3 基于PSO的纹理合成算法 25
3.3.1 算法原理 25
3.3.2 粒子的纹理意义 25
3.3.3 算法实现 26
3.3...
