嵌入式主机.doc
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嵌入式主机,摘要主机遥控是船舶自动化系统的重要内容之一，随着电子技术和计算机技术的发展，主机遥控系统也在不断发展更新。本文以man32/40船舶主机为研究对象提出了一套基于arm的遥控系统设计方案，详细介绍了主机遥控系统的组成与相关功能，系统设置了驾驶室遥控、集控室遥控和机旁操纵三种操纵方式。采用arm7tdmi-s微控...
内容介绍
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摘 要
主机遥控是船舶自动化系统的重要内容之一，随着电子技术和计算机技术的发展，主机遥控系统也在不断发展更新。本文以MAN32/40船舶主机为研究对象提出了一套基于ARM的嵌入式主机遥控系统设计方案，详细介绍了主机遥控系统的组成与相关功能，系统设置了驾驶室遥控、集控室遥控和机旁操纵三种操纵方式。
采用ARM7TDMI-S微控制器LPC2129为硬件核心，μC/OS-II操作系统为软件平台，完成了硬件设计和软件设计。硬件功能包括：LPC2129最小系统设计；温度、压力、主机转速、齿条位置等信号的采集和处理；车钟指令、操纵方式、齿轮箱状态等开关量信号的采集和处理；控制器的开关量和模拟量输出电路设计；RTL8019AS以太网控制器接口电路的设计。
软件设计部分：将嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-II应用到船舶柴油主机控制中，在分析μC/OS-II系统的软件特性、μC/OS-II的文件结构和开发方法的基础上，将其移植到LPC2129微控制器上。采用模块化设计思想设计了转速控制功能模块、模式，指令检测与齿轮箱控制功能模块、以太网通信模块以及人机对话功能模块，并阐述了各模块的主要功能以及在μC/OS-II操作系统下的实现方法，构建了主机正车起动、慢转起动、重复起动、换向、停车和故障处理等功能的逻辑控制流程。采用TCP/IP协议栈LwIP并完成LwIP协议栈在μC/OS-II上的移植工作，实现了底层控制器与上位机之间的以太网通信功能。实验结果验证了设计的可行性，硬、软件均能满足主机控制功能要求。
文章最后以MATLAB/Simulink软件为平台，建立了模糊自整定PID控制器，与传统PID控制进行仿真比较，仿真结果显示，模糊PID控制有着明显的优越性：过渡时间短，控制稳定，控制精度高，鲁棒性强，提高了电子调速器的调速性能。
关键词 主机遥控；ARM；以太网；μC/OS-II；模糊PID控制
Abstract
Remote control of marine main engine is an important part of ship-automation system. With the development of electronic technology and computer technology, remote control system of main engine is evolving update constantly. A proposal of ARM-based research on MAN32/40 main engine remote control is proposed. This article introduces the composition and functions of main engine remote control system. And there are three control methods including local control, E/C room control and bridge control.
The remote control system uses LPC2129 ARM7TDMI-S microcontroller for the hardware core and μC/OS-II operating system software for platform. Hardware design includes base circuit design, signal acquisition and processing circuit design of analog and switch, signal outputs including analog and switch circuit design of the controller. Also, the author used embedded Ethernet to achieve the communication between the underlying controller and position machine as well as completed the circuit design of Ethernet controller interface with LPC2129 based on RTL8019AS.
To the software, the embedded operating system μC/OS-II is used in the control of marine main engine. After getting to grasp the embedded system μC/OS-II’s history, the software character, file organization and the method of transplanting the μC/OS-II, transplant the μC/OS-II to LPC2129 microcontroller. The structure of the software framework is introduced including speed control module; mode, instruction, gearbox control module; Ethernet communication module as well as human-computer interaction module. Also the author analyses the realization of each module under μC/OS-II operating system and the functions of main engine remote control such as startup, slow turning, commutation. This paper uses the LwIP- an open source TCP/IP protocol stack and transplants the LwIP into μC/OS-II system, which resolves the problem of Ethernet communication between the underlying controller and position machine. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the design, hardware and software can meet the requirements of the main engine control system.
Finally, based on the software of MATLAB/Simulink, this article has developed a system to design and simulate the main engine electronic governor. An intelligent fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is developed. Using MATLAB/Simulink software to simulate the speed controller, and the simulation results show that Fuzzy-PID control has a better dynamic performance than traditional PID control.
Key words Main Engine Remote Control; ARM; Ethernet; μC/OS-II; Fuzzy-PID Control
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 绪论 1
1.1船舶主机遥控系统发展概况 1
1.2主机遥控系统概述 2
1.2.1主机遥控系统的综述 2
1.2.2主机遥控系统的组成 2
1.2.3主机遥控系统的主要功能 4
1.2.4主机遥控系统的分类 5
1.3课题的研究目的与意义 6
1.4ARM嵌入式处理器 7
1.5本文主要的研究工作 8
1.6本章小结 8
第2章 主机遥控装置总体设计 9
2.1主机遥控装置总体设计 9
2.1.1 主机遥控装置设计方案 9
2.1.2遥控系统信号采集 11
2.1.3控制系统的信号处理 12
2.1.4控制器信号输出 13
2.2集成电路的抗腐蚀设计 13
2.3本章小结 13
第3章 主机遥控装置的硬件设计 15
3.1硬件系统的总体设计思路 15
3.2ARM控制芯片 16
3.3最小系统电路的设计 17
3.4信号采集电路 20
3.4.1模拟量采集电路设计 20
3.4.2开关量采集电路设计 21
3.4.3转速与位置反馈电路设计 22
3.5输出电路设计 24
3.5.1开关量输出电路设计 24
3.5.2模拟量输..
主机遥控是船舶自动化系统的重要内容之一，随着电子技术和计算机技术的发展，主机遥控系统也在不断发展更新。本文以MAN32/40船舶主机为研究对象提出了一套基于ARM的嵌入式主机遥控系统设计方案，详细介绍了主机遥控系统的组成与相关功能，系统设置了驾驶室遥控、集控室遥控和机旁操纵三种操纵方式。
采用ARM7TDMI-S微控制器LPC2129为硬件核心，μC/OS-II操作系统为软件平台，完成了硬件设计和软件设计。硬件功能包括：LPC2129最小系统设计；温度、压力、主机转速、齿条位置等信号的采集和处理；车钟指令、操纵方式、齿轮箱状态等开关量信号的采集和处理；控制器的开关量和模拟量输出电路设计；RTL8019AS以太网控制器接口电路的设计。
软件设计部分：将嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-II应用到船舶柴油主机控制中，在分析μC/OS-II系统的软件特性、μC/OS-II的文件结构和开发方法的基础上，将其移植到LPC2129微控制器上。采用模块化设计思想设计了转速控制功能模块、模式，指令检测与齿轮箱控制功能模块、以太网通信模块以及人机对话功能模块，并阐述了各模块的主要功能以及在μC/OS-II操作系统下的实现方法，构建了主机正车起动、慢转起动、重复起动、换向、停车和故障处理等功能的逻辑控制流程。采用TCP/IP协议栈LwIP并完成LwIP协议栈在μC/OS-II上的移植工作，实现了底层控制器与上位机之间的以太网通信功能。实验结果验证了设计的可行性，硬、软件均能满足主机控制功能要求。
文章最后以MATLAB/Simulink软件为平台，建立了模糊自整定PID控制器，与传统PID控制进行仿真比较，仿真结果显示，模糊PID控制有着明显的优越性：过渡时间短，控制稳定，控制精度高，鲁棒性强，提高了电子调速器的调速性能。
关键词 主机遥控；ARM；以太网；μC/OS-II；模糊PID控制
Abstract
Remote control of marine main engine is an important part of ship-automation system. With the development of electronic technology and computer technology, remote control system of main engine is evolving update constantly. A proposal of ARM-based research on MAN32/40 main engine remote control is proposed. This article introduces the composition and functions of main engine remote control system. And there are three control methods including local control, E/C room control and bridge control.
The remote control system uses LPC2129 ARM7TDMI-S microcontroller for the hardware core and μC/OS-II operating system software for platform. Hardware design includes base circuit design, signal acquisition and processing circuit design of analog and switch, signal outputs including analog and switch circuit design of the controller. Also, the author used embedded Ethernet to achieve the communication between the underlying controller and position machine as well as completed the circuit design of Ethernet controller interface with LPC2129 based on RTL8019AS.
To the software, the embedded operating system μC/OS-II is used in the control of marine main engine. After getting to grasp the embedded system μC/OS-II’s history, the software character, file organization and the method of transplanting the μC/OS-II, transplant the μC/OS-II to LPC2129 microcontroller. The structure of the software framework is introduced including speed control module; mode, instruction, gearbox control module; Ethernet communication module as well as human-computer interaction module. Also the author analyses the realization of each module under μC/OS-II operating system and the functions of main engine remote control such as startup, slow turning, commutation. This paper uses the LwIP- an open source TCP/IP protocol stack and transplants the LwIP into μC/OS-II system, which resolves the problem of Ethernet communication between the underlying controller and position machine. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the design, hardware and software can meet the requirements of the main engine control system.
Finally, based on the software of MATLAB/Simulink, this article has developed a system to design and simulate the main engine electronic governor. An intelligent fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is developed. Using MATLAB/Simulink software to simulate the speed controller, and the simulation results show that Fuzzy-PID control has a better dynamic performance than traditional PID control.
Key words Main Engine Remote Control; ARM; Ethernet; μC/OS-II; Fuzzy-PID Control
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 绪论 1
1.1船舶主机遥控系统发展概况 1
1.2主机遥控系统概述 2
1.2.1主机遥控系统的综述 2
1.2.2主机遥控系统的组成 2
1.2.3主机遥控系统的主要功能 4
1.2.4主机遥控系统的分类 5
1.3课题的研究目的与意义 6
1.4ARM嵌入式处理器 7
1.5本文主要的研究工作 8
1.6本章小结 8
第2章 主机遥控装置总体设计 9
2.1主机遥控装置总体设计 9
2.1.1 主机遥控装置设计方案 9
2.1.2遥控系统信号采集 11
2.1.3控制系统的信号处理 12
2.1.4控制器信号输出 13
2.2集成电路的抗腐蚀设计 13
2.3本章小结 13
第3章 主机遥控装置的硬件设计 15
3.1硬件系统的总体设计思路 15
3.2ARM控制芯片 16
3.3最小系统电路的设计 17
3.4信号采集电路 20
3.4.1模拟量采集电路设计 20
3.4.2开关量采集电路设计 21
3.4.3转速与位置反馈电路设计 22
3.5输出电路设计 24
3.5.1开关量输出电路设计 24
3.5.2模拟量输..
