基于仿生学的酸奶盒注塑模设计.rar

本科生机械方面的毕业设计作品，里面包括答辩PPT、开题报告、完整论文、外文翻译、CAD图纸

目  录
摘  要 3
Abstraction 5
第1章  绪论 7
1.1 塑料简介 7
1.2 注塑成型及注塑模 7
第2章  塑料材料分析 10
2.1 塑料材料的基本特性 10
2.2 塑件材料成型性能 10
2.3 塑件材料主要用途 11
第3章  塑件的工艺分析 12
3.1 塑件的结构设计 12
3.1.1 脱模斜度 12
3.1.2 塑件的壁厚 13
3.1.3 塑件的圆角 13
3.2 塑件尺寸及精度 13
3.3 塑件表面粗糙度 14
3.4 塑件的体积和质量 14
第4章  注射成型工艺方案及模具结构的分析和确定 15
4.1 注射成型工艺过程分析 15
4.2 浇口种类的确定 16
4.3 型腔数目的确定 17
4.4 注射机的选择和校核 17
4.4.1 注射量的校核 18
4.4.2 塑件在分型面上的投影面积与锁模力的校核 18
4.4.3 模具与注射机安装模具部分相关尺寸校核 19
4.5 模架及标准件的选用 20
第5章  注射模具结构设计 22
5.1 分型面的设计 22
5.2 型腔的布局 22
5.3 浇注系统的设计 23
5.3.1 浇注系统组成 23
5.3.2 确定浇注系统的原则 23
5.3.3 主流道的设计 24
5.3.4 分流道的设计 26
5.3.5 浇口的设计 27
5.3.6 冷料穴的设计 29
5.4 注射模成型零部件的设计 29
5.4.1 成型零部件结构设计 29
5.4.2 成型零件的工作尺寸计算 30
5.5 排气结构设计 32
5.6 推出机构的设计 32
5.6.1 推出机构的设计要求 32
5.6.2 推出力的计算 33
5.6.3 推杆脱模机构 34
5.6.4 合模导向机构的设计 35
5.6.5 导向机构的设计 36
5.7 注射模温度调节系统 36
5.7.1 温度调节对塑件质量的影响 37
5.7.2 冷却系统之设计规则 37
第6章  模具材料的选用 38
6.1 成型零件材料选用 38
6.2 注射模用钢种 38
第7章  基于仿生学的内壁选择 40
7.1 仿生学的发展 40
7.2 仿生学的应用 40
7.3 防粘性叶子表面的研究 40
7.3.1 植物叶片表面非光滑形态分析 40
7.3.2 防粘实验分析与讨论 41
第8章  模具的试模与修模 42
8.1 制品的粘着 42
8.2 成型缺陷 43
8.3 注射填充不足 43
8.4 注射工艺不足 43
第9章  次品分析 45
总  结 46
致  谢 47
参考文献 48

摘  要
近年来，我国塑料模具水平已有较大提高。大型塑料模具已能生产单套重量达50t以上的注塑模，精密塑料模的精度已可达到3μm，制件精度为0.5μm的小模数齿轮模具及达到高光学要求的车灯模具等也已能生产，多腔塑料模已能生产一模7800腔的塑封模，高速模具方面已能生产 4m/min以上挤出速度的高速塑料异型材挤出模及主型材双腔共挤、双色共挤、软硬共挤、后共挤、再生料共挤出和低发泡钢塑共挤等各种模具。在生产手段上，模具企业设备数控化率已有较大提高，CAD/CAE/CAM技术的应用面已大为扩大，高速加工及 RP/RT 等先进技术的采用已越来越多。模具标准件使用覆盖率及模具商品化率都已有较大幅度的提高，热流道模具的比例也有较大提高。三资企业蓬勃发展进一步促进了塑料模具设计制造水平及企业管理水平的提高。
现代模具技术的发展，在很大程度上依赖于模具标准化、优质模具材料的研究、先进的设计与制造技术、专用的机床设备，更重要的是生产技术的管理等。21世纪模具行业的基本特征是高度集成化、智能化、柔性化和网络化。追求的目标是提高产品的质量及生产效率，缩短设计及制造周期，降低生产成本，最大限度地提高模具行业的应变能力，满足用户需要。可见，未来我国模具工业和技术的主要发展方向将是：
1.大力普及、广泛应用CAD/CAE/CAM技术，逐步走向集成化。现代模具设计制造不仅应强调信息的集成，更应该强调技术、人和管理的集成。
2.提高大型、精密、复杂与长寿命模具的设计与制造技术，逐步减少模具的进口量，增加模具的出口量。
3.在塑料注射成型模具中，积极应用热流道，推广气辅或水辅注射成型，以及高压注射成型技术，满足产品的成型需要。
4.提高模具标准化水平和模具标准件的使用率。模具标准件是模具基础，其大量应用可缩短模具设计制造周期，同时也显著提高模具的制造精度和使用性能，大大地提高模具质量。我国模具商品化、标准化率均低于30%，而先进国家均高于70%，每年我们要从国外进口相当数量的模具标准件，其费用约占年模具进口额的3%～8%。
5.发展快速制造成型和快速制造模具，即快速成型制造技术，迅速制造出产品的原型与模具，降低成本推向市场。
6.积极研究与开发模具的抛光技术、设备与材料，满足特殊产品的需要。
7.推广应用高速铣削、超精度加工和复杂加工技术与工艺，满足模具制造的需要。
8.开发优质模具材料和先进的表面处理技术，提高模具的可靠性。
9.研究和应用模具的高速测量技术、逆向工程与并行工程，最大限度地提高模具的开发效率与成功率。
10.开发新的成型工艺与模具，以满足未来的多学科多功能综合产品开发设计技术。
根据塑料制品的要求，了解塑件的用途，分析塑件的工艺性、尺寸精度等技术要求，选择塑件制件尺寸。本模具采用一模二件，侧浇口进料，注射机采用海天330XC型号，设置冷却系统，CAD绘制二维总装图和零件图，UG绘制3D模具图，选择模具合理的加工方法。附上说明书，系统地运用简要的文字，简明的示意图和计算等分析塑件，从而作出合理的模具设计。
关键词：机械设计；模具设计；CAD绘制二维图；注射机
Abstraction
Plastic pattern of our country have the present situation of industry in recent years, the plastic pattern of our country has level having greater rising. Large scale plastic pattern have already can produce single set weight to reach the note above 50 ts mould the precision of mould and precise plastic pattern already can reach 3 μ m, even system is precision for 0.5 μ the little modulus gear mould of m and reach the vehicle lamp mould etc. of high optical requirement also already can produce , much cavity plastic pattern already can produce 7800 a mould cavities mould mould, high speed mould aspect the high speed plastic different profile extrusion that can already produce the 4 above extrusion speeds of m/min mould and main profile twin-circuit are squeezed totally , two colour squeeze totally , soft is hard and totally crowded , is rear and totally crowded , reworked material mould extrusion and low foaming steel to share squeeze wait for various moulds. On production means, mould enterprise equipment numerical control melt lead having greater raising, it is more and more that the application surface of the technology of CAD/CAE/CAM has enlarged the adopting of, high speed processing and the etc. advanced technique of RP/RT considerably. Mould standard component is used, cover rate and mould commercialization rate have had the raising of greater range, the proportion of the hot mould of flow path also has greater rising.
The modern molding tool technical development, to a large extent rely on a molding tool to standardize, research, the forerunner's design and manufacturing technique, appropriative tool machine equipments of high-quality molding tool material, technical management etc. of the more important production.The basic characteristic of molding tool profession is a height integration to turn in 21th century, the intelligence turn, gentle turn to turn with network.The target of pursuing is the quality and production efficiency that raises a product and shorten design and manufacturing period and lower production cost and with maximum limit raise the contingency ability of molding tool profession and satisfy customer's demand.It is thus clear that, in the future our country the main development direction of the molding tool industry and technique will be:
1. Popularize vigorously, apply the technology of CAD/CAE/CAM extensively, move towards step by step, is integrated. Modern mould design production should not only emphasize information is integrated, should emphasize technology and popular support more to manage, is integrated. 
2. Rise is large scale, precise , is complex the design with the life mould of long life and make technology, the import that reduces mould step by step is measured , increases the export quantity of mould.
3.Plastics inject type mould, positive application hot flow path popularizes angry supplement or water supplement, inject type, as well as high voltage inject type technology, satisfy the type needs of product.
4. Raise the utilization rate of mould standardization level and mould standard component. Mould standard component is mould foundation and its plenty of applications can shorten mould design production period, at the same time also raise performance characteristics and the production precision of mould apparently, and raise mould quality greatly. The mould commercialization and standardization rate of our country are lower than 30% , advanced country is higher than 70% , annual we will import the mould standard component of considerable quantity from abroad, Its expenses takes up 3%~8% of the molding tool import sum in year around
5. Develop make type and fast production mould fast, fast type production technical, quick production produce mould and the prototype of article, reduce cost, push to market.
6. Study and develop material, equipment and the polished technology of mould actively, satisfy the needs of special product.
7. Popularize application high speed milling, exceed precision processing and complex processing technique and technology, satisfy the needs of mould production.
8. Develop high quality mould material and advanced finishing technology, raise the reliability of mould.
9. Study and apply countrary and the high speed measure technology of mould to project and parallel project, high limit land raise successful rate and the development efficiency of mould.
10. Develop new type technology and mould to satisfy future much subject mutifunction comprehensive product development design technology.
According to the plastic products requirements, understand the use of plastic parts, plastic parts of the process analysis, dimensional accuracy and other technical requirements, selection of plastic parts size. The use of a mold of a mold two, a side gate feed, injection machine uses the Haitian 330XC models, cooling system, CAD drawing 2D assembly drawing and parts drawing, drawing UG3D die drawing die, choose reasonable processing method. Enclose brochures, the systematic use of a brief text, concise schematic diagram and calculation analysis of plastic parts, so as to make reasonable mold design. Key words: mechanical design; mold design; CAD mapping of two-dimensional graph; injection machine.
Key word: mechanical design; mould design; CAD drawing; injection molding machine