4lz-1200型收割机的籽粒清选及装袋设计.rar

4LZ-1200型收割机的籽粒清选及装袋设计

机械设计专业相关的毕业设计论文，里面有详细的图纸，说明书，外文翻译



[设计总说明]小型联合收割机清选装置目前国内已经基本上能够自给自足，但是由于市场上大部分清选设备价格高，能耗大，还不能完全适应小型联合收割机的要求。因此开发小型收割机的清选装置，对提高我国收获谷物质量、农业经济效益和农业生产现代化水平具有重要意义。本文研制开发出一种实用性强、市场前景好的小型联合收割机的清选机装置。
本文在介绍国内外种子清选装置的发展现状与动态的基础上，分析了研制价格低、操作简单、使用方便的小型联合收割机清选装置的意义和市场需求，制定了装置总体设计方案，对装置的风机、传动、清选原理进行了重点研究设计。清选装置采用直叶片风机；传动机构采用V带传动，传动平稳，结构尺寸小；带轮采用实心轮。介绍了谷粒的基本物理特性,分析谷粒在水平气流中的运动轨迹与受力间的关系,设计出箱体式纯气流谷物清选装置,并确定了清选流场的守恒方程。借助Fluent软件,建立了气固多相流的欧拉模型,实现了谷物清选的仿真模拟并获得相关数据,论证了适用于微型联合收割机的气流式清选装置的可能性与可行性。
该水稻收割机为轮式自走全喂入联合收割机，整机分为行走部分和收割部分，行走部分采用四轮式拖拉机形式，驱动形式为柴油机前置后轮驱动，行走轮采用人字橡胶轮，后轮（驱动轮）用特制的刚轮制成，有利于增加行走时对土壤的附着力，发动机到变速箱之间采用单片摩擦式离合器传动动力，变速箱是在拖拉机变速箱基础上加大传动比而成的，采用前轮转向，由转向盘经过转向节和转向摇杆控制转向，制动器由双端拉紧带式制动式，采用半轴制动。有动力输出轴经过变速箱输出。前悬梁伸出约0.5m用于悬挂收割机割台。收割部分由割刀，搅龙，输送链、脱粒滚筒、凹板、逐稿轮、逐稿器和清选筛、风扇、螺旋推运器、和接粮平台组成。收割机割台由割刀、搅龙组成，其上端两点悬挂在前悬梁上面，下端由液压缸支撑在车架上面 ，可以调节割台的高低，当需要割在较高时，只需要将液压缸支起即可。设计收割机的结构需要从以下几个方面加以把握。工艺过程连续、流畅。在布置工作部件的相互位置和尺寸时，除了考虑个工作部件的生产率平衡和各部件的参数确定，注意交接过度部位的设计，保证谷物联合收割机的均匀连续，避免出现超负荷的部件和产生不应该有的损失。同时，还要整车的结构尽量紧凑，本设计充分考虑了以上情况，从水稻的实际生长情况和田间作业的复杂情况进行分析，确定了拨禾轮的结构尺寸，转速，以及其离地高度和相对于搅龙的位置，采用手动调节可以充分满足多种倒伏或生长情况不同的水稻，相对于同类联合收割机，本车结构也比较紧凑。工作中的行走部分的宽度小于割台的宽度，不存在压禾，拖禾的现象，收粮平台设在收割机的右后侧，茎杆从车的后方抛出，不会影响机器的连续作业。
在整机设计过程中充分考虑到性价比，选用价格低、性能稳定的零部件。通过运行试验，实验结果与设计要求基本一致，系统具有较好的经济效益和社会效益。

[关键词]气流式;清选装置;谷粒;流场;欧拉模型;仿真
 
Design Grain Cleaning and Bagging of 4LZ-1200 Combine harvester

[total design] At present, Small combine cleaning device can be basically already self- sufficient at home. But due to the most part of the selected equipment, high price, heavy weight and high energy consumption, still unable to fully meet the requirements of small combined harvesters in market. Therefore developing the small harvester choose device has great significance to promote Chinese harvest grain quality, agricultural economic benefits and agricultural production modernization. The thesis developed a kind of small combine cleaner which has strong practicality, and good market prospects.
Based on introducing the states-of-art of seed cleaning device development at home and abroad, the significance and the market demand of the small-size combines cleaning device which is easy to operate, convenient to use and has the low price are analyzed. Having made the overall design plan of the system, the cleaning fan, transmission principle of the system are mainly researched and designed.
Cleaning device adopts straight blade fan; Transmission adopts V belt transmission, which has smooth transmission and structure of small size; The belt wheel has been taken the solid wheel. By further studying the basic physical characteristics of grain seeds, the relation be grain seeds in horizontal airflow was analyzed. After the boxed-pneumatic cleaning mechanism conservation equations of the cleaning flow field were determined. By means of Fluent software, the flow eulerian model was established, and the cleaning course was simulated. In virtue of the an possibility of the pneumatic cleaning mechanism used combine harvester was demonst.
The rice harvester for wheeled self-propelled full-feeding combine harvester, the machine is divided into walking part and reap part of the walking part of the four-type tractor in the form driver in the form of diesel front rear wheel drive, walking round the word rubber wheel, rear-wheel (driving wheel) made of rigid wheel with a special, monolithic friction clutch transmission power increase when walking on soil adhesion, engine to gearbox, transmission of the tractor transmission increase on the basis of the transmission ratio from the front-wheel steering, the steering wheel after the steering knuckle and steering joystick control steering, brake type brake by the double-ended tension belt axle brake. The power output shaft through the gearbox output. The first cantilever stretched about 0.5m for hanging harvester cutting table. Harvested in part by the cutter, auger, conveyor chains, threshing cylinder, concave-by-issued on round-by-document feeder and cleaning sieves, fans, spiral push transported to, and then the grain platform. Harvester cut by the cutter, auger composed of the upper end of two suspension to the first cantilever above the lower end by a hydraulic cylinder support frame above, you can adjust the level of cutting table, simply needs to be cut at a higher hydraulic cylinder support from the can. The design structure of the harvesters need to be grasped from the following aspects. The process is continuous, smooth. In the layout of the mutual position and dimensions of the working parts, in addition to consider the parameters of the balance of productivity of the working parts and components to determine, pay attention to the excessive transfer of parts of the design, to ensure uniform and continuous grain combine harvesters, to avoid the excessive parts and should not have losses. We must also try to compact the vehicle structure, this design take full account of the above, from the actual growth of the rice and the complexity of field operations for analysis, determined the structure of the reel size, speed, and its height above ground and location of auger, manual adjustment can fully meet a variety of lodging or growth of rice, compared to similar combine harvester, the car structure is also relatively compact. The width of the walking part of the work is less than the width of the cutting table, there is no pressure Wo, the phenomenon of drag Wo received food platform located in the right rear of the harvester, stem thrown from the rear of the car, does not affect the machine continuous operation.
During the whole design process, choosing the low price with steady performance for use are sufficiently considered. Through running test, the result of the test and designing requirements are unanimous basically, the system has better economic benefits and social benefit.

[KEYWORDS] pneumatic; cleaning mechanism; grain seeds; flow field; eulerian model; simulation

目 录
1绪论 1
1.1课题提出的依据和意义 1
1.1.1课题研究依据和意义 1
1.1.2国内外发展现状 2
1.2本课题研究的内容和方法 2
1.2.1课题研究内容 2
1.2.2课题研究方法 3
2清选过程理论分析与研究 4
2.1谷物清选原理 4
2.1.1谷粒基本物理特性 4
2.1.2水平气流清选受力分析 4
2.1.3气流式清选装置的设计 5
2.2清选流场分析与数学模型 5
2.2.1清选流场分析 5
2.2.2欧拉模型 5
2.3计算过程与结果分析 6
2.3.1计算过程 6
2.3.2计算结果分析 7
2.4清选系统的选型 8
2.4.1清选机构的类型及特点 8
2.4.2清选类型的选择 10
2.5清选风机的设计 10
2.5.1风机的工作原理 10
2.5.2风机性能参数的确定 11
2.5.3风机主要结构参数的确定 12
2.5.4叶片参数的确定 12
2.5.5风扇的壳体 12
2.6传动机构的设计 13
2.6.1传送V带的参数选择 14
2.6.2带轮材料的确定 16
2.6.3带轮的结构和尺寸 16
2.7结论 17
3出料口装袋装置设计 18
3.1出料口设计 18
3.2包装袋夹持架设计 18
4总结与展望 19
4.1研究总结 19
4.2问题与展望 19
[参考文献] 20
致 谢 21