压轮压铸件模具设计.rar

压轮压铸件模具设计

机械设计专业相关的毕业设计论文，里面有详细的CAD图纸，ppt，说明书，外文翻译。

目录

目录 ……..…………..………………………..………….……………………….....Ⅰ
设计总说明…….……………………………………………………….…………….1
DESIGN OF THE DIE-CASTING DIE FOR PRESSURE WHEEL…………………2
1.前言……..…………..………………………..………….………………………....4
1.1 选题的依据及意义 7
1.2国内外研究现状及发展趋势 7
    1.2.1国外研究现状及发展趋势...........................................................................7
    1.2.2国内压铸业的发展特点...............................................................................7
1.3主要研究内容及可行性分析 8
    1.3.1主要研究内容...............................................................................................8
    1.3.2可行性分析...................................................................................................8
    1.3.3设计方案.......................................................................................................9
    1.3.4关键技术难点...............................................................................................9
2.铸件的结构工艺性分析 9
  2.1壁厚......................................................................................................................9
  2.2铸孔......................................................................................................................9
  2.3铸造圆角..............................................................................................................9
  2.4拔模斜度............................................................................................................10
3.分型面的选择...........................................................................................................10
3.1在确定分型面的选择必须考虑的主要因素有：............................................10
3.2 分型面的类型...................................................................................................10
3.3 分型面的确定...................................................................................................10
4.压铸机的选择...........................................................................................................11
4.1计算压铸机所需的锁模力................................................................................11
    4.1.1计算胀型力.................................................................................................11
    4 .1.2计算分胀型力............................................................................................12
4.2压室容量的校核................................................................................................12
5.浇注系统的设计.......................................................................................................13
5.1内浇口的设计.....................................................................................................14
5.2横浇道的设计....................................................................................................14
5.3直浇道的设计…………………………………………………………………14
6．排溢系统的设计....................................................................................................15
6.1溢流槽的设计....................................................................................................15
    6.1.1溢流槽的结构形式.....................................................................................15
    6.1.2溢流槽的布置位置.....................................................................................15
    6.1.3溢流槽的尺寸.............................................................................................15
6.2排气槽的设计 16
    6.2.1排气槽设计的注意事项.............................................................................17    6.2.2排气方法.............................................................................................................17
    6.2.3排气槽尺寸.................................................................................................17
7.模架与成型零件的设计 18
7.1模架的设计 18
7.2加热系统和冷却系统的设计 18
7.3成型零部件的设计 18
    7.3.1成型零件的结构.........................................................................................19
    7.3.2成型零件的固定形式.................................................................................19
    7.3.3成型零件的止转方式.................................................................................19
7.4成型零件尺寸计算 19
    7.4.1型腔尺寸.....................................................................................................19
    7.4.2型芯尺寸.....................................................................................................20
8.抽心机构的设计 21
8.1抽心部位的选择 21
8.2抽芯力和抽芯距离的确定 21
    8.2.1抽芯力的确定.............................................................................................21
    8.2.2抽芯距离的确定.........................................................................................21
8.3斜销尺寸的计算与确定 22
    8.3.1斜销斜角的选择.........................................................................................22
    8.3.2斜销直径的估算.........................................................................................22
    8.3.3斜销长度的确定.........................................................................................22
8.4滑块的设计 23
    8.4.1滑块的主要尺寸的确定.............................................................................23
    8.4.2滑块限位装置的设计.................................................................................23
    8.4.3契紧块的设计.............................................................................................23
9.推出与复位机构的设计 24
9.1 推杆推出机构的设计 24
    9.1.1推出部位的选择.........................................................................................24
    9.1.2推杆推出端形状.........................................................................................24
    9.1.3推杆推出截面形状.....................................................................................24
    9.1.4推出尾部形寸及固定方法.........................................................................24
    9.1.5推杆的尺寸和配合.....................................................................................25
    9.1.6顶杆配合.....................................................................................................25
9.2 复位机构设计 25
10.开合模距离的校核 26
10. 1模具厚度核算 26
10.2动模座板行程核算 26
小结 27
致谢 28
参考文献 29

设计总说明
[摘要]压铸是制造业的一种工艺，能够成型复杂的高精度的金属制品，多用于汽车制造，机械制造等。本课题是对铝壳体进行模具设计并分析加工工艺。
压铸技术是在普通铸造技术基础上发展起来的一种先进工艺，已有很长的发展历史。压力铸造是将熔融合金在高压高速条件下充型，并在高压下冷却凝固成形的精密铸造方法，简称压铸。在压铸生产中，压铸合金、压铸模和压铸机是最基本的三大要素，而压铸生产就是将此三大要素加以结合、调整和正确实施的过程。和普通铸件相比，压铸件内部组织致密，力学性能优良，尺寸精度高，表面质量好。特别是镶铸法的应用，既节省了原材料，又减少了加工和装配工时。
因为模具结构复杂，制作周期长，投入成本高，只有在经济发展到一定程度，产品占领了较大市场形成大批量生产的条件下，模具的优势才能得到充分的发挥，模具在生产中所占比重，在某种意义上代表了这个国家经济发展水平，是工业发达程度标志之一。
由于各类模具大量使用，加上其他一些原因，国外轿车成本要比国产轿车成本低许多倍，而且质量好，维修方便。
为了更好的发展模具事业，满足经济建设的需要还需做一些其他方面的探索。
模具的计算机辅助设计（CAD）和计算机辅助制造（CAM）。应用CAD/CAM技术，是在计算机内存储综合化的各种专业知识，进行人机联系，充分利用设计人员的实践经验，实现优化设计和模具加工的自动化控制。
发展高效率、高精度、高寿命的三高模具。电子工业和汽车制造业的发展，促进了生产方式的改革，涌现出大批自动生产流水线，这样多工位、多模腔、多功能的自动模具的精密模具得到了发展。
本模具考虑到年产量、工厂的设备及铸件的精度要求，选择一模一腔结构。以制品的最大端面为分型面,使制品顺利脱模。制品上还有侧凹，须进行侧向抽芯。为了使动、定模能够准确地动作, 导向定位机构利用导柱与导套的配合。顶出机构是推杆推出的一次脱出机构。具体如下：
（1）分型面的选择：根据压轮的零件结构，综合考虑抽芯及浇注系统的设定，主分型面在零件的最大端面上，其次还采用了一个二次分型结构。
（2）浇注系统的确定，由于压轮在 109mm及 101mm圆柱侧面上， 101mm圆柱侧面凹下，必须设计滑块预先抽开，零件才能顶出，所以零件周围侧面不能设计浇注系统，为使合金的流程较短流向顺畅，便于排气，因此采用中心浇口，直浇道选用 50H9浇口套，内浇口尺寸为外圆 16mm内圆 9mm的环形.
（3）压铸机的选用，压轮压铸件的材料为铝合金，选用常用的卧室冷室压铸机。根据压铸件分型面的投影面积计算和生产实际情况，选用J1125D型压铸机生产。
（4）压铸模具的总装图设计，由于压轮在圆柱侧面上有 101mm圆柱侧面凹下，必须设计滑块预先抽开，零件才能顶出，因此模具设计时通过综合考虑，采用中心浇口，一模只能排列一件。
（5）压铸模具的零件图，浇口套的设计看零件图，由于直浇口套与横浇口道均在浇口套上做出，所以外形为长方形，横浇道上有15°的倒钩和中部5mm缩颈，其作用是在辅助分型面开合时拉住横浇道，以便使横浇道与内浇道拉断。抽芯部分滑块的设计，考虑到滑块的强度，采用了整体结构。
此外还采用AutoCad来实现压轮模具成型零件的设计，分析制件的成型质量和完成分型面的设计，并在产品设计及模具装配过程中，辅助以必要的理论计算，将数字化设计与理论计算结合起来，可以大大缩短产品研发周期、模具设计周期，提高产品设计及模具设计的准确性、产品成型质量，降低产品研发、模具设计成本。在设计过程中制定了合理的工艺方案，满足了大批量生产要求。
[关键词] 压铸模具；加工工艺；设计软件

DESIGN OF THE DIE-CASTING DIE FOR PRESSURE WHEEL

Abstract
Die-casting is a manufacturing process,it can mold the complex and high accurate metal product ,used in automobile manufacturing, machinery manufacturing and so on. The subject is about the design of oil pump Aluminum shell mold and process analysis.
ˎ̥ die-casting technology is in ordinary casting technology developed on the basis of a kind of advanced technology, has a long history. Pressure casting is will melt in high-pressure high-speed conditions alloy, and during the filling in high-pressure cooling coagulation precision casting method, the abbreviation die casting. In die casting production, die-casting alloy, die-casting die and die-casting machine is the most basic three essential factors, and die casting production is three elements to the combination, adjustment and correct implementation process. Compared with ordinary castings, die casting internal compact structure, mechanical properties of high precision, good surface, size of good quality. Especially with the application of casting, which saves the raw materials, and reduce the processing and assembly work hours.
     Because the mould structure is complex, production cycle is long, high cost in economic development, only to a certain degree, the product occupied a large market form of mass production conditions, mould advantage to get sufficient play, mould proportion in production, in some sense represents the national economic development level, is one of the symbols of developed industrial level.
Due to the extensive use of mould, plus other reasons, foreign cars cost than low cost many times homemade cars, and good quality, easy maintenance.
In order to better satisfy the development of economic construction, mould cause the necessary to do some other aspect of exploration.
      Mould computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM). Application of CAD/CAM technology, is in computer store integration of all kinds of specialized knowledge, for the man-machine contact, make full use of design personnel of experience, realize optimization design and mould processing of automation control.
       Development of high efficiency, high precision, high life tenors mold. Electronic industry and automobile industry development, promote the reform of production mode, emerged in large quantities of automatic production line, so much more than Labour, cavity, multi-function automatic mould precision mould obtained the development.

    Considering the annual output, the equipmen of the factory and the requirement of precision of the plastic product,one cavities in a mould. Thelargest surface of the goods was choosed as the parting line to make goods by demold successfully. The products have lateral bore,so it need lateral core pulling. Suspension and Positioning mechanism use matched guide pillar and guide sleeve to make movable mould, fixed mould to work accurately. The knockouts uses once ejecting mechanism that lifter pushes out.
(1) classification based on pressure round the choice: parts structure, comprehensive consideration of the core-pulling and gating system setup, Lord parting surface on the most big endian in parts, secondly also adopted a secondary classification structure.
(2) determination of gating system, because the press pulley 109mm and % 101mm at % cylindrical side 101mm cylindrical flank, %, must design the concave slider smoke open, parts can advance the out side, so parts can't devise gating system around, to make the process is relatively short flow alloy is smooth, easy to exhaust, therefore adopt center runner, straight sprue gate sets 50H9 selection %, ingate dimension of external circular % 16mm 9mm semi-atuo % of the ring.
(3) the selection of casting, pressure wheel die casting aluminum alloy, chooses the material used for the bedroom cold room casting. According to the die-casting parting is umbriferous area computation and actual production condition, choose J1125D type casting production.
(4) die-casting molds assembly graphic design, because the cylinder pressure wheel have % 101mm cylinder profile, must design side concave slider smoke open, parts can advance the out, so when considering mould design, the center through gate, exactly one thing only arrangement.
(5) of the die-casting molds, sprue detail drawings of design see parts graph, because of the sprue gate way with all made in runner set for rectangular shape, so the faith, 15 ° pour the barb and central 5mm shrinkage, its role in the neck is auxiliary parting surface when pull open the runner, so that horizontal runner and internal sprue snap. Core-pulling part slide block design, considering the slider's strength, the whole structure.
With AutoCad to implement Pressure die-casting wheel design of the telephone receiver, and shaping quality of part was analyzed and the parting line was designed by Pro/Engineer, then with the assistance of essential theory calculate mixed with figure design. It would not only shorten the cycle of product research and mold design, and improve the preciseness and the product shaping quality, but also lower the cost of the research. Having made the rational craft scheme in the design process ,so it has met the requirement of producing in enormous quantities.
[Keywords] Die casting ；Process analysis；Design software