工程造价管理全过程控制的重要性------外文翻译.doc
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工程造价管理全过程控制的重要性------外文翻译,first, the necessary of control construction costs manages on entire processtalk about the management and the control on construction costs,that the field we ar...
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First, The necessary of control construction costs manages on entire process
Talk about the management and the control on construction costs, that the field we are just accustomed to is thought of is a project advance in final account. Indeed , right away at present system and reality,what the job of that the management and the control on construction costs is advance in final account. Be that in advance, the people who work on final account according that already be ascertaied of the working drawing to calculate project amounts，apply a quota mechanically, the meter mechanically fetching cost, or designing that according to the drawing sheet and construction organization after construction is over as well as the scene construction visa takes notes weaves the final account being completed. This is necessary , useful no doubt. But we must see that when pre-final accounts personnel weave working drawing budget or the final account being completed, the construction plan and the design paper already determined. But construction being to take according to picture as principle, so then in advance, job done by final account personnel is only the change secretly scheming against cost produced by design alteration and prevents upvaluation from calculating boldly. But suppose the project is unreasonable on economy, there is a fault in decision-making; suppose designing a scheme feasible or be not optimum on the technology; the final account personnel can do nothing for sb then in advance. Job of final account personnel does accounts in advance only under just saying system currently in effect, after the event , can only reflect already complete project amounts inactively , can only reflect design and be under construction passively. This evidently is single-faceted , insufficient , we must carry out the entire proceeding supervisory control on the construction costs of building a project.
一、工程造价管理全过程控制的必要性
谈到工程造价的管理和控制，我们便习惯地想到是工程预决算。确实，就目前的体制和现实而言，工程造价的管理和控制工作就是预决算。即预决算人员根据已经确定的施工图计算工程量、套用定额、计取费用，或在施工结束后根据图纸和施工组织设计以及现场施工签证记录等资料编制竣工决算。这固然是必要的，有用的。但我们也要看到，当预决算人员编制施工图预算或竣工决算时，建设方案和设计图纸都已经确定了的。而施工是以按图施工为原则，那么这时预决算人员所做的工作只是计算设计变更所产生的费用变化以及防止高估冒算。而假如项目在经济上是不合理的，决策存在失误；假如设计方案在技术上不可行或者不是最优，则预决算人员无能为力。也就是说现行体制下，预决算人员的工作只是事后算帐，只能消极地反映已完工程量，只能被动地反映设计和施工。这显然是片面的，不够的，我们必须对建设项目工程造价进行全过程监控。
结合我国的具体情况，造价管理存在的问题如下：
Talk about the management and the control on construction costs, that the field we are just accustomed to is thought of is a project advance in final account. Indeed , right away at present system and reality,what the job of that the management and the control on construction costs is advance in final account. Be that in advance, the people who work on final account according that already be ascertaied of the working drawing to calculate project amounts，apply a quota mechanically, the meter mechanically fetching cost, or designing that according to the drawing sheet and construction organization after construction is over as well as the scene construction visa takes notes weaves the final account being completed. This is necessary , useful no doubt. But we must see that when pre-final accounts personnel weave working drawing budget or the final account being completed, the construction plan and the design paper already determined. But construction being to take according to picture as principle, so then in advance, job done by final account personnel is only the change secretly scheming against cost produced by design alteration and prevents upvaluation from calculating boldly. But suppose the project is unreasonable on economy, there is a fault in decision-making; suppose designing a scheme feasible or be not optimum on the technology; the final account personnel can do nothing for sb then in advance. Job of final account personnel does accounts in advance only under just saying system currently in effect, after the event , can only reflect already complete project amounts inactively , can only reflect design and be under construction passively. This evidently is single-faceted , insufficient , we must carry out the entire proceeding supervisory control on the construction costs of building a project.
一、工程造价管理全过程控制的必要性
谈到工程造价的管理和控制，我们便习惯地想到是工程预决算。确实，就目前的体制和现实而言，工程造价的管理和控制工作就是预决算。即预决算人员根据已经确定的施工图计算工程量、套用定额、计取费用，或在施工结束后根据图纸和施工组织设计以及现场施工签证记录等资料编制竣工决算。这固然是必要的，有用的。但我们也要看到，当预决算人员编制施工图预算或竣工决算时，建设方案和设计图纸都已经确定了的。而施工是以按图施工为原则，那么这时预决算人员所做的工作只是计算设计变更所产生的费用变化以及防止高估冒算。而假如项目在经济上是不合理的，决策存在失误；假如设计方案在技术上不可行或者不是最优，则预决算人员无能为力。也就是说现行体制下，预决算人员的工作只是事后算帐，只能消极地反映已完工程量，只能被动地反映设计和施工。这显然是片面的，不够的，我们必须对建设项目工程造价进行全过程监控。
结合我国的具体情况，造价管理存在的问题如下：
