基于dsp的数字滤波器的设计.doc

基于DSP的数字滤波器的设计

摘  要:随着计算机和信息技术的飞速发展，数字信号处理已经成为高速实时处理的一项关键技术，广泛应用在语音识别、智能检测、工业控制等各个领域。数字滤波器是对数字信号实现滤波的线性时不变系统。数字滤波实质上是一种运算过程，实现对信号的运算处理。
数字信号处理(Digital Signal Processing，简称DSP)是一门涉及许多学科而又广泛应用于许多领域的新兴学科。20世纪60年代以来，随着计算机和信息技术的飞速发展，数字信号处理技术应运而生并得到迅速的发展。数字信号处理是利用传感器对模拟信号或数字信号进行采集并把其转换成计算机可识别的电信号，并利用计算机对信号进行处理以达到计算机辅助控制或是计算机自动控制的目的。
DSP 芯片是一种特别适合数字信号处理运算的微处理器，主要用来实时、快速地实现各种数字信号处理算法。用DSP芯片实现FIR数字滤波器，不仅具有精确度高、不受环境影响等优点，而且因DSP芯片的可编程性，可方便地修改滤波器参数，从而改变滤波器的特性，设计十分灵活。
本课题主要应用MATLAB软件设计FIR数字滤波器，应用DSP集成开发环境CCS调试汇编程序，本文结合TM320C5402的结构特点，介绍了一种FIR滤波器在TM320C5402中的实现方法。

关键词:  数字滤波；IIR；FIR；DSP；TM320C5402；MATLAB

 
The Design of FIR Digital Filters Based on DSP
Abstract: Along with the rapid development of the computer and information technology, digital signal processing has become a key technology of high-speed real-time processing, widely used in speech recognition, intelligent detection, industrial control etc. Digital filter is a linear time-invariant system which can filter the digital signal. Essentially digital filter is a computation process which can achieve the operation of signal processing.
Digital Signal Processing is a novel disciplines which involved many areas and widely used in many field. Since the 1960s, along with the rapid development of the computer and information technology, digital signal processing technology arises and develops rapidly. Digital signal processing is using the sensors to acquire the analog signals or digital signal and convert it to the electrical signals which can recognize by computers, then using the computer to process the signal in order to achieve the aim to achieve automatic control by computers.
DSP is a suitable chip for digital signal processing operation especially, usually used for achieving the digital signal processing algorithm real-timely and quickly. Using DSP chip realizes the FIR digital filters, not only has high precision, not environmental influences, but also can easily modify filter parameters which can change characteristics of the filter; the design process is very flexible, because of the programmable characteristics of DSP. 
This paper design the FIR digital filter by the MATLAB, and using the integrated development environment of DSP------CCS to debug the assemble language, finally combining with the structure characteristics of TM320C5402, this paper presents a realization method of FIR filter by TM320C5402.

Key words: digital filter; IIR; FIR; DSP; TM320C5402; MATLAB
 
 
目    录
1  绪  论 1
1.1滤波器的分类及基本结构 1
1.1.1横截型结构 2
1.1.2 级联型结构式 3
1.1.3 频率抽样型结构 3
1.1.4 快速卷积型结构 4
1.2 数字滤波器的应用以及国内外发展现状 5
1.3 本课题的研究目的意义及主要内容 5
2 FIR数字滤波器的设计 6
2.1滤波原理及线性相位滤波器的特点 6
2.1.1滤波原理 6
2.1.2线性相位条件 7
2.1.3线性相位FIR滤波器频率响应的特点 9
2.2 窗函数设计法 10
2.3 梯形窗函数 11
2.3.1梯形窗函数的时域特性 11
2.3.2梯形窗函数的频域特性 12
2.3.3梯形窗函数的性能分析 12
2.4窗函数设计法的步骤及注意事项 13
3 FIR数字滤波器的MATLAB仿真 14
3.1 信号处理工具箱 14
3.2 滤波器的性能指标及MATLAB仿真 15
3.3 对于采用不同窗函数的研究 18
4 FIR数字滤波器的DSP实现 21
4.1 DSP系统和应用及TMS320C54x平台 21
4.1.1 DSP系统构成 21
4.1.2 DSP系统的特点 21
4.1.3 DSP的应用领域 22
4.1.4 TMS320C54x平台 22
4.2 数字滤波器的实现方法 23
4.3 FIR数字滤波器的DSP实现 23
5 结论 27
参考文献 28
致 谢 29
附 录 30