eq1092货车的前后悬架系统的设计.doc

摘 要
本次设计题目是EQ1092货车的前后悬架系统的设计。
所设计悬架系统的前悬架采用钢板弹簧非独立式悬架。后悬是由主副簧组成，也是非独立悬架。首先确定悬架的主要结构形式，然后对主要性能参数进行确定。在前悬的设计中首先设计了钢板弹簧，材料和许用应力，和方案布置的设计；还有减振器的选择。在后悬架系统设计中主要对主副钢板弹簧进行了设计，特别是钢板弹簧的刚度比分配计算和刚度的校核。
最后对悬架系统进行了平顺性分析，目的是判断所设计的悬架平顺是否满足要求。在平顺性分析时运用了时域分析方法，采用了两个自由度，最后通过编程计算，结果是没有不舒适。因而对提高汽车的动力性、经济性和操纵稳定性是有利的。

关键词：悬架设计；钢板弹簧；平顺性；货车

 
Abstract
The title of this thesis is the design of front and rear suspension systems of EQ1092 truck.
The front suspension system is the leaf spring, dependent suspension. The rear suspension system consists of the main spring and the helper spring and it is also dependent suspension. In the procedure of the design we made certain the structural style of the suspension system in the first, then we made certain the main parameters. In the design of the front suspension we designed the leaf spring firstly, material and allowable stress and the design of scheme , moreover the design of shock absorber. In the design of rear suspension we carried out the design of the main spring and the helper spring, specially the counting of distribution of angular rigidity between the main spring and the helper spring and the checking of the angular rigidity.
In the final design stage, we implement the analysis of suspension ride performance. The aim is whether suspension ride quality meets to the performance requirement. The ride performance analysis adopts the methods with time domain and with two degree of freedoms by computer program. The results indicate that there is no uncomfortableness for the car on road. Therefore, it is helpful for the dynamical, economical and handling performances of the studied vehicle.

Key words: Suspension Design; Leaf spring; Ride Performance; Truck

目 录
第1章 绪 论 1
第2章 悬架系统的结构与分析 3
2.1 悬架的作用和组成 3
2.2 汽车悬架的分类 3
2.3 悬架的设计要求 4
2.4 悬架主要参数 4
2.4.1 悬架的静挠度fc 4
2.4.2 悬架的动挠度 fd 5
2.4.3 悬架弹性特性 5
2.4.4 后悬架主、副簧刚度的分配 5
2.4.5 悬架侧倾角刚度及其在前、后轴的分配 6
第3章 前后悬架系统的设计 7
3.1前悬架系统设计 7
3.1.1钢板弹簧的设计 7
3.1.2.减振器的选用 12
3.2后悬架系统设计 13
3.2.1主、副钢板弹簧结构参数 13
3.2.2钢板弹簧的强度验算 13
第4章 平顺性分析和编程 15
4.1平顺性的定义 15
4.2平顺性的研究内容 15
4.3平顺性的研究分析 16
第5章 结论 21
参考文献 22
致 谢 23
附 录Ⅰ：外文资料 24
附 录 Ⅱ：中文翻译 31
附 录 Ⅲ： 程序 36