基于单片机的智能充电器的设计.doc

基于单片机的智能充电器的设计

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
摘  要：针对充电器的工作特点，设计了一种以AT89C2051单片机为核心的智能充电器，较好地解决锂离子电池和镍氢/镍镉电池的充电问题。介绍了智能充电器的工作原理，设计特点和3种充电模式。详细讨论了系统的硬件构成及软件实现方法，给出了实验测试结果。采用高性能的单片机及高分辨率的A/D转换电路，充电过程采用模糊控制方法，保证了充电器具有很高的精度。实验证明，所设计的充电器功耗低、成本低、系统工作稳定可靠、智能化程度高。
　　　
关键词：单片机；A/D转换；智能充电器；硬件构成；程序设计

Intelligent Charger Based on Single-chip Microcomputer
Abstract: For the characteristics of charger, an intelligent charger is presented. The design is developed for the charger of Li-ion and NIMH/NICD battery pack based on AT89C2051 single-chip microcomputer. The work principle and design characteristics and three charge mode are introduced, and then the hardware structure and the software implement are analyzed in detail. Finally, the experiment result is given. Due to the high performance of microcontroller and high resolution of A/D convert circuit, meanwhile adopting fuzzy control method, the design can guarantee high system accuracy. The charger is low power dissipate, considerable reliability and low cost.
Key words: single-chip computer; A/D convert; intelligent charger; hardware structure; program design

目    录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………1
1 引言…………………………………………………………………………………………3
2 控制法介绍…………………………………………………………………………………3
3 充电器设计分析……………………………………………………………………………3
3.1 镍镉电池、镍氢电池充电模式…………………………………………………………3
3.2 锂离子电池充电模式……………………………………………………………………4
3.3 自适应充电模式…………………………………………………………………………5
3.4 错误处理模式……………………………………………………………………………5
4 充电器硬件设计……………………………………………………………………………5
4.1 充电器芯片MAX846A…………………………………………………………………5
4.2 ADC0832…………………………………………………………………………………6
4.3 74HC164…………………………………………………………………………………8
4.4 硬件设计结构……………………………………………………………………………8
5 系统软件设计……………………………………………………………………………10
5.1 模糊控制方法…………………………………………………………………………10
5.2 均衡充电………………………………………………………………………………10
5.3 软件设计实现…………………………………………………………………………11
6 结束语……………………………………………………………………………………12
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………13