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本体的描述和应用------外文翻译,ontologies╟description and applicationsabstractthe word “ontology” has gained a good popularity within the ai community. ontology is usually viewed as a high-le...
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Ontologies–Description and Applications
Abstract
The word “ontology” has gained a good popularity within the AI community. Ontology is usually viewed as a high-level description，consisting of concepts that organize the upper parts of the knowledge base. However, meaning of the term “ontology” tends to be a bit vague, as the term is used in different ways. In this paper we will attempt to clarify the meaning of the ontology including the philosophical views and show why ontologies are useful and important. We will give an overview of ontology structures in several particular systems. A field proposed within ontological efforts, “ontological engineering”, will be also described. Usage of ontologies in several particular ways will be discussed. These include systems and ideas to support knowledge base sharing and reuse, both for computers and humans, ontology based communication in multi agent systems, applications of ontologies for natural language processing, applications in documents search and enrichment of knowledge bases, both particularly for the World Wide Web environment and construction of educational systems, particularly intelligent tutoring systems.
本体的描述和应用
摘要
本体（ontology）一词在人工智能界已经有相当的知名度了。本体通常被认为是由概念所组成的高级描述，概念则是用来对知识库进行组织的上层部分。然而，当“ontology”这个术语在不同的场合以不同方式加以应用时，其含义往往是有点儿含糊不清的。本文将力图阐明本体的含义，包括哲学观点上的含义，并指明为什么本体是很有用的，也是很重要的。我们将给出几个特殊系统中的本体结构总体情况，并对“本体工程”这一最新被提议的研究领域加以阐述。本文还将讨论本体的几种特定的用法，包括支持人与计算机的知识库共享与重用的系统和想法、多主体系统中基于本体的通信、本体在自然语言中的应用、本体在文本搜索和知识库浓缩中的应用，同时包括在互联网环境和教育系统中，特别是智能辅导系统。
Abstract
The word “ontology” has gained a good popularity within the AI community. Ontology is usually viewed as a high-level description，consisting of concepts that organize the upper parts of the knowledge base. However, meaning of the term “ontology” tends to be a bit vague, as the term is used in different ways. In this paper we will attempt to clarify the meaning of the ontology including the philosophical views and show why ontologies are useful and important. We will give an overview of ontology structures in several particular systems. A field proposed within ontological efforts, “ontological engineering”, will be also described. Usage of ontologies in several particular ways will be discussed. These include systems and ideas to support knowledge base sharing and reuse, both for computers and humans, ontology based communication in multi agent systems, applications of ontologies for natural language processing, applications in documents search and enrichment of knowledge bases, both particularly for the World Wide Web environment and construction of educational systems, particularly intelligent tutoring systems.
本体的描述和应用
摘要
本体（ontology）一词在人工智能界已经有相当的知名度了。本体通常被认为是由概念所组成的高级描述，概念则是用来对知识库进行组织的上层部分。然而，当“ontology”这个术语在不同的场合以不同方式加以应用时，其含义往往是有点儿含糊不清的。本文将力图阐明本体的含义，包括哲学观点上的含义，并指明为什么本体是很有用的，也是很重要的。我们将给出几个特殊系统中的本体结构总体情况，并对“本体工程”这一最新被提议的研究领域加以阐述。本文还将讨论本体的几种特定的用法，包括支持人与计算机的知识库共享与重用的系统和想法、多主体系统中基于本体的通信、本体在自然语言中的应用、本体在文本搜索和知识库浓缩中的应用，同时包括在互联网环境和教育系统中，特别是智能辅导系统。
