共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的合成与性能分析毕业论文.doc

摘   要

　　　水性丙烯酸酯乳液己在防火涂料行业取得了重要应用。但常规丙烯酸酯乳液存在如成膜温度高、胶膜硬度低、抗回粘性差、耐水性不好等缺点。因此,合成能克服以上缺陷的新型乳液己成为研究热点.本论文从粒子设计的思路着手，采用种子半连续法合成了一种具有明显的硬核和软壳结构的丙烯酸酯乳液。论文系统研究了单体的选择、乳化剂的配比及用量、引发剂用量、聚合工艺、反应温度等因素对乳液性能的影响。检测表明:改性乳液具有优良的耐水性、较高的力学强度、较低的成膜温度、较强的附着力。
　　　本文还研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯含量对共聚物乳液性能和涂膜性能的影响。乳液的电解质稳定性、离心稳定性以及涂膜的耐水性都随着功能单体甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯含量的增加而降低，乳液的电导率也随着甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯含量的增加而降低;而乳液的表观粘度和乳胶粒的粒径随着甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯含量的增加而增加。
　　　
关键词：甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯，丙烯酸酯，种子乳液，核壳结构，乳液聚合

ABSTRACT

　　　　　Acrylates emulsion has acquired an important application in fine retardant coating .But common acrylates emulsion exists some disadvantages such as high temperature of filming，low hardness of film, low transient of glass temperafure and poor water resistance of cured film. So it becomes a research, focusing on synthesis of novel acrylates emulsion with more excellent performance. In this paper，Synthesizing parameters of the core-shell structure particle were studied. A new acrylates emulsion with hard core and soft shell structure was prepared by designing partical structure forming. The influence of monomer, the proportion and the amount of emulsifier，the content of initiator, the technology of polymerization and the temperature on the acrylates emulsion were studied. In this paper, tests showed that the performance of modified emulsion got a prominent improvement in water resistance, mechanical properties, low cured temperature and excellent adhesive ability.
　　　　　The effect of glycidyl methacrylate GMA content on the properties of copolymer emulsion and copolymer films was studied. The stability of electrolyte resisting, centrifugal stability and the water resistance of the films were decreased with the increasing of GMA content. The electrical conductivity was decreased with the increasing of GMA. The apparent viscosity and the particle size of copolymer emulsion were increased with the increasing of the content of GMA.
　　　
Key words:  glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), acrylates, core-shell structure, emulsion polymerization

目录

第一章 绪论 1
1.1 国外核壳乳液聚合的研究现状 1
1.2 国内核壳乳液聚合的研究情况 3
1.3 核壳乳液聚合基础 3
1.3.1 核壳结构乳胶粒的生成机理 3
1.3.1.1接枝机理 4
1.3.1.2互穿网络聚合物（IPN）机理 4
1.3.1.3离子键合机理 4
1.3.2核壳乳液的性能 4
1.3.3乳胶成膜机理 5
1.3.3.1乳胶成膜过程 5
1.3.3.2最低成膜温度 6
1.3.4核壳乳液的应用 7
1.3.4.1作为抗冲击改性剂和增韧剂 7
1.3.4.2作为特种涂料和粘合剂 7
1.4 本课题研究的目的与内容 7
第二章 实验部分 9
2.1乳液聚合的制备理论 9
2.1.1乳液聚合工艺的选择 9
2.1.2单体的选择 10
2.1.3功能单体的选择 12
2.1.4乳化剂的选择 13
2.1.5引发剂的选择 14
2.2共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的合成 14
2.2.1实验试剂 14
2.2.2实验仪器与装置 15
2.2.3实验过程 15
2.2.3.1组分均一的共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的合成 15
2.2.3.2核壳乳液的合成 16
2.2.3性能测试与表征技术 16
2.2.3.1机械稳定性 16
2.2.3.2固含量 16
2.2.3.3傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR） 16
2.2.3.4差示扫描量热分析(DSC) 17
2.3.3.5热失重分析(TGA) 17
2.2.3.6 PH值的测定 17
2.2.3.7拉伸剪切强度的测试 17
第三章 共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的性能分析 18
3.1引言 18
3.2共聚丙烯酸酯乳液性能影响因素分析 18
3.2.1乳化剂用量的影响 18
3.2.2引发剂用量的影响 19
3.2.3 GMA含量对共聚乳液稳定性的影响 20
3.2.4 GMA含量对涂膜拉伸强度和延伸率的影响 21
3.2.5搅拌速度的影响 21
3.3共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的检测结果与分析 21
　　　3.3.1共聚丙烯酸酯乳液的红外谱图分析（FTIR） 21
　　3.3.2共聚丙烯酸酯乳液拉伸剪切强度分析 23
　　3.3.3共聚丙烯酸酯乳液差式扫描量热法分析（DSC） 24
　　3.3.4共聚丙烯酸酯乳液热重法分析（TGA） 25
结    论 28
参考文献 29
致    谢 31