单片机应用系统设计-超声波料位计.doc
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单片机应用系统设计-超声波料位计,论文标准word格式排版 62页超声波料位计的结构和功能,并从课题背景、系统组成、工作原理、软硬件设计、系统调试等方面加以论述。论文首先从超声波的产生和特性入手对超声波料位计和超声波测距技术进行了阐述,并得出了本论文的主要研究内容和研究的可行性分析。然后通过对超声波测距原理的理解和最近几年来超声波发射和接收电路的认识重...
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论文标准WORD格式排版 62页
超声波料位计的结构和功能,并从课题背景、系统组成、工作原理、软硬件设计、系统调试等方面加以论述。
论文首先从超声波的产生和特性入手对超声波料位计和超声波测距技术进行了阐述,并得出了本论文的主要研究内容和研究的可行性分析。
然后通过对超声波测距原理的理解和最近几年来超声波发射和接收电路的认识重点进行了51系列单片机的功能介绍和软硬件方面的设计,对电路图和流程图做出了详细的介绍和分析,还提出了一些关于系统调试方面的建议。
最后在结论中对整个设计过程进行分析和总结,得出了一些成果,但发现了诸多设计上的问题,我会在以后的时间里将它解决。
关键词:超声波,单片机,测距技术
Abstract
This dissertation was detailedly introduced us and is designed the ultra-audible sound and anticipates composition and the meritorous service capacity calculateed ,Moreover through the task backdrop 、System is makeed up 、Work rule 、Software and hardware design 、The respects such as system debug and so on are expounded 。
Dissertation coming into being first of all through the ultra-audible sound with the property is begined with to anticipate the ultra-audible sound to calculate to elaborate with the ultrasonic ranging technique ,Moreover obtain the feasible quality analysis with researcies of main research substance of native dissertation 。
Afterwards knowledge by means of the ultra-audible sound of understanding to the ultrasonic ranging rule with nearer year fireing and the receiving electric circuit has stressly been carried on The function introductions of 51 serial Single-Chip Microcomputers and the software and hardware respect design ,Detailed introduction and analysis were make to circuit diagram and flow diagram ,Still propose some proposals on the system debug respect 。
Finally being living in the conclusion analyses and sums up to the entire design process ,Obtain some fruit ,Yet discover the problem on much designs ,After I be able to be living time in by it resolves 。
Keyword :Ultra-audible sound ,Single-Chip Microcomputer ,ranging technique
目 录
1 绪论.........................................................1
1.1 引言....................................................1
1.2 单片机简介..............................................1
1.3 超声波产生和特性........................................2
1.3.1 超声波的定义.......................................2
1.3.2 声波的波型.........................................2
1.3.3 超声波的产生和特性.................................3
1.4 超声波测距技术的发展现状及应用..........................4
1.4.1 超声波测距的优势...................................4
1.4.2 超声波测距的应用...................................5
1.4.3 超声波测距的发展现状...............................6
1.5 本论文的主要研究内容及可行性分析........................7
2 超声波测距原理...............................................8
2.1 超声波测距传感器........................................8
2.1.1 超声波测距传感器的工作原理.........................8
2.1.2 超声波测距传感器的分类和选择.......................8
2.1.3 超声波测距传感器的探测方式........................12
2.1.4 超声波传感器频率的选择............................13
2.2 超声波测距原理.........................................13
2.2.1 常见的测距法......................................13
2.2.2 超声波测距基本原理................................13
2.3 几种常见的40kHZ超声波发射和接收电路...................14
3 单片机基本单元结构与操作原理................................21
3.1 定时器/计数器的基本结构与操作方式......................21
3.1.1 定时器/计数器的基本组成...........................21
3.1.2 定时器/计数器的SFR...............................21
3.1.3 定时器/计数器的工作方式...........................23
3.2 中断系统的基本原理与操作方式...........................25
3.2.1 中断系统的基本组成................................25
3.2.2 中断系统中的SFR..................................26
3.2.3 中断系统的自主操作过程............................27
4 超声波测距仪的软硬件设计....................................29
4.1 超声波测距仪的硬件系统设计.............................29
4.1.1 超声波发射电路....................................29
4.1.2 超声波接收电路....................................31
4.1.3 单片机系统及显示电路..............................33
4.2 超声波测距仪的软件设计.................................35
4.2.1 主程序............................................35
4.2.2 超声波发射子程序..................................36
4.2.3 超声波接收中断程序................................37
4.2.4 延时子程序........................................37
4.2.5 显示子程序........................................38
4.2.6 距离计算子程序....................................38
4.2.7 调试及性能分析....................................39
4.3 结论...................................................40
总结..................
超声波料位计的结构和功能,并从课题背景、系统组成、工作原理、软硬件设计、系统调试等方面加以论述。
论文首先从超声波的产生和特性入手对超声波料位计和超声波测距技术进行了阐述,并得出了本论文的主要研究内容和研究的可行性分析。
然后通过对超声波测距原理的理解和最近几年来超声波发射和接收电路的认识重点进行了51系列单片机的功能介绍和软硬件方面的设计,对电路图和流程图做出了详细的介绍和分析,还提出了一些关于系统调试方面的建议。
最后在结论中对整个设计过程进行分析和总结,得出了一些成果,但发现了诸多设计上的问题,我会在以后的时间里将它解决。
关键词:超声波,单片机,测距技术
Abstract
This dissertation was detailedly introduced us and is designed the ultra-audible sound and anticipates composition and the meritorous service capacity calculateed ,Moreover through the task backdrop 、System is makeed up 、Work rule 、Software and hardware design 、The respects such as system debug and so on are expounded 。
Dissertation coming into being first of all through the ultra-audible sound with the property is begined with to anticipate the ultra-audible sound to calculate to elaborate with the ultrasonic ranging technique ,Moreover obtain the feasible quality analysis with researcies of main research substance of native dissertation 。
Afterwards knowledge by means of the ultra-audible sound of understanding to the ultrasonic ranging rule with nearer year fireing and the receiving electric circuit has stressly been carried on The function introductions of 51 serial Single-Chip Microcomputers and the software and hardware respect design ,Detailed introduction and analysis were make to circuit diagram and flow diagram ,Still propose some proposals on the system debug respect 。
Finally being living in the conclusion analyses and sums up to the entire design process ,Obtain some fruit ,Yet discover the problem on much designs ,After I be able to be living time in by it resolves 。
Keyword :Ultra-audible sound ,Single-Chip Microcomputer ,ranging technique
目 录
1 绪论.........................................................1
1.1 引言....................................................1
1.2 单片机简介..............................................1
1.3 超声波产生和特性........................................2
1.3.1 超声波的定义.......................................2
1.3.2 声波的波型.........................................2
1.3.3 超声波的产生和特性.................................3
1.4 超声波测距技术的发展现状及应用..........................4
1.4.1 超声波测距的优势...................................4
1.4.2 超声波测距的应用...................................5
1.4.3 超声波测距的发展现状...............................6
1.5 本论文的主要研究内容及可行性分析........................7
2 超声波测距原理...............................................8
2.1 超声波测距传感器........................................8
2.1.1 超声波测距传感器的工作原理.........................8
2.1.2 超声波测距传感器的分类和选择.......................8
2.1.3 超声波测距传感器的探测方式........................12
2.1.4 超声波传感器频率的选择............................13
2.2 超声波测距原理.........................................13
2.2.1 常见的测距法......................................13
2.2.2 超声波测距基本原理................................13
2.3 几种常见的40kHZ超声波发射和接收电路...................14
3 单片机基本单元结构与操作原理................................21
3.1 定时器/计数器的基本结构与操作方式......................21
3.1.1 定时器/计数器的基本组成...........................21
3.1.2 定时器/计数器的SFR...............................21
3.1.3 定时器/计数器的工作方式...........................23
3.2 中断系统的基本原理与操作方式...........................25
3.2.1 中断系统的基本组成................................25
3.2.2 中断系统中的SFR..................................26
3.2.3 中断系统的自主操作过程............................27
4 超声波测距仪的软硬件设计....................................29
4.1 超声波测距仪的硬件系统设计.............................29
4.1.1 超声波发射电路....................................29
4.1.2 超声波接收电路....................................31
4.1.3 单片机系统及显示电路..............................33
4.2 超声波测距仪的软件设计.................................35
4.2.1 主程序............................................35
4.2.2 超声波发射子程序..................................36
4.2.3 超声波接收中断程序................................37
4.2.4 延时子程序........................................37
4.2.5 显示子程序........................................38
4.2.6 距离计算子程序....................................38
4.2.7 调试及性能分析....................................39
4.3 结论...................................................40
总结..................