关于中西方礼貌的毕业论文.doc

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
摘要

礼貌因不同的文化而不同。汉语文化中的礼貌与道德标准有密切联系。而在英语文化中，礼貌只存在于交流双方。所以中国人对于什么是威胁面子行为与英语文化中的人有不同的理解。中国人的谦虚，也可以说是自贬，是自身的教养，而英式的谦虚是减少自夸的一种策略。隐私在英语文化中囊括的范围比汉语文化囊括的范围广得多。而态度热情在汉语文化中被认为是非常有礼貌的。这样，汉语文化中的礼貌行为可能会被英语文化中的人认为是侵犯个人隐私。不同的文化价值系统，即英语文化中的个人主义和汉语文化的集体主义，使各自的语言有不同的交际法则。英语文化中强加于人的行为在汉语文化中可能代表着礼貌和真诚。礼貌有助于建立、维持和巩固和谐的人际关系，促进社会交往。

关键字：礼貌 面子 差异 原因 原则


Abstract

This paper holds the view that the concept of politeness varies in different cultures. The concept of politeness in the Chinese culture is closely tied with ethics and moral standards. But in the English culture, the concept of politeness exists only in the immediate context that involves two conflict parties. Thus Chinese people have a different interpretation of what counts as a face-threatening act and what does not. Chinese modesty, which can be seen as another way of saying self-denigration, is a virtue of self-cultivation while the English modesty is a strategy of minimizing or avoiding self-praise. Privacy is valued in all cultures, but the applicable scope of it in the English culture is much larger than that in the Chinese culture. Attitudinal warmth is considered very polite in the Chinese culture. The different value systems, individualism in the English culture and collectivism in the Chinese culture, impose different rules of communication on their peoples. Politeness helps establish, maintain or consolidate harmonious interpersonal relationships and facilitate social interactions. Politeness as an observable phenomenon is actually a reflection of specific cultural values in the language.

Key Words: Politeness; face; difference; reason; principle