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类的简介-----外文翻译,the only remaining feature we need to understand before solving our bookstore problem is how to write a data structure to represent our transaction data. in c++...
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The only remaining feature we need to understand before solving our bookstore problem is how to write a data structure to represent our transaction data. In C++ we define our own data structure by defining a class. The class mechanism is one of the most important features in C++. In fact, a primary focus of the design of C++ is to make it possible to define class types that behave as naturally as the built-in types themselves. The library types that we've seen already, such as istream and ostream, are all defined as classesthat is,they are not strictly speaking part of the language.
Complete understanding of the class mechanism requires mastering a lot of information. Fortunately, it is possible to use a class that someone else has written without knowing how to define a class ourselves. In this section, we'll describe a simple class that we canuse in solving our bookstore problem. We'll implement this class in the subsequent chapters as we learn more about types,expressions, statements, and functionsall of which are used in defining classes.
To use a class we need to know three things:
What is its name?
Where is it defined?
What operations does it support?
For our bookstore problem, we'll assume that the class is named Sales_item and that it is defined in a header named Sales_item.h.
解决书店问题之前，还需要弄明白如何编写数据结构来表示交易数据。C++ 中我们通过定义类来定义自己的数据结构。类机制是 C++ 中最重要的特征之一。事实上，C++ 设计的主要焦点就是使所定义的类类型的行为可以像内置类型一样自然。我们前面已看到的像 istream 和 ostream 这样的库类型，都是定义为类的，也就是说，它们严格说来不是语言的一部分。
完全理解类机制需要掌握很多内容。所幸我们可以使用他人写的类而无需掌握如何定义自己的类。在这一节，我们将描述一个用于解决书店问题的简单类。当我们学习了更多关于类型、表达式、语句和函数的知识（所有这些在类定义中都将用到）后，将会在后面的章节实现这个类。
使用类时我们需要回答三个问题：
类的名字是什么？
它在哪里定义？
它支持什么操作？
对于书店问题，我们假定类命名为 Sales_item 且类定义在命名为 Sales_item.h 的头文件中。
Sales_item 类
Sales_item 类的目的是存储 ISBN 并保存该书的销售册数、销售收入和平均售价。我们不关心如何存储或计算这些数
Complete understanding of the class mechanism requires mastering a lot of information. Fortunately, it is possible to use a class that someone else has written without knowing how to define a class ourselves. In this section, we'll describe a simple class that we canuse in solving our bookstore problem. We'll implement this class in the subsequent chapters as we learn more about types,expressions, statements, and functionsall of which are used in defining classes.
To use a class we need to know three things:
What is its name?
Where is it defined?
What operations does it support?
For our bookstore problem, we'll assume that the class is named Sales_item and that it is defined in a header named Sales_item.h.
解决书店问题之前，还需要弄明白如何编写数据结构来表示交易数据。C++ 中我们通过定义类来定义自己的数据结构。类机制是 C++ 中最重要的特征之一。事实上，C++ 设计的主要焦点就是使所定义的类类型的行为可以像内置类型一样自然。我们前面已看到的像 istream 和 ostream 这样的库类型，都是定义为类的，也就是说，它们严格说来不是语言的一部分。
完全理解类机制需要掌握很多内容。所幸我们可以使用他人写的类而无需掌握如何定义自己的类。在这一节，我们将描述一个用于解决书店问题的简单类。当我们学习了更多关于类型、表达式、语句和函数的知识（所有这些在类定义中都将用到）后，将会在后面的章节实现这个类。
使用类时我们需要回答三个问题：
类的名字是什么？
它在哪里定义？
它支持什么操作？
对于书店问题，我们假定类命名为 Sales_item 且类定义在命名为 Sales_item.h 的头文件中。
Sales_item 类
Sales_item 类的目的是存储 ISBN 并保存该书的销售册数、销售收入和平均售价。我们不关心如何存储或计算这些数
