现场总线过程控制通讯系统（lonworks）.doc
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现场总线过程控制通讯系统（lonworks）,现场总线过程控制通讯系统（lonworks）页数 79 字数 52298摘 要：现场总线（fieldbus）是用于过程自动化和制造自动化最底层的现场设备或现场仪表互联的通信网络，是现场通信网络与控制系统的集成。随着现场总线产品性价比的不断提高，人们正越来越多地采用现场总线对设备进行监控。本次设计通过对lonworks的...
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现场总线过程控制通讯系统（LonWorks）
页数 79 字数 52298
摘 要：
现场总线（fieldbus）是用于过程自动化和制造自动化最底层的现场设备或现场仪表互联的通信网络，是现场通信网络与控制系统的集成。随着现场总线产品性价比的不断提高，人们正越来越多地采用现场总线对设备进行监控。本次设计通过对LonWorks的应用，使我们对现场总线有个大概的了解。
本次设计是设计一个三层的现场总线模块,其中把服务器、工程师站和操作员站作为第一层联接到以太网,现场总线的设计及总线的通信系统设计作为第二层,现场仪表及装置为第三层.主要完成的任务是:1、制作实现以太网和Lonworks现场总线相连的 100M/10M协议转换器;2、完成Lonworks现场总线与智能仪表相连所需要的RS485模块;3、实现Lonworks现场总线与PLC装置相互连接。
关键词：现场总线,串行通信,网络接口,RS-485
目 录
摘 要······················································································································(Ⅰ)
Abstract···················································································································(Ⅱ)
第一章 绪 论
1.1 现场总线概述···································································································（1）
1.1.1 现场总线的发展历史··················································································（1）
1.1.2 现场总线是新一代的自动化系统································································（2）
1.1.3 现场总线的技术特点··················································································（2）
1.1.4 现场总线的发展趋势·················································································（3）
1.2 CAN、Profibus、FF和Hart协议······································································（3）
1.2.1 CAN（控制器局域网络）·······································································（3）
1.2.2 PROFIBUS（过程现场总线）·································································（4）
1.2.3 FF（现场总线基金会）现场总线·····························································（5）
1.2.4 HART（可寻址远程传感器数据通路）协议·················································（6）
1.3 LON总线和Lonworks技术············································································（7）
1.3.1 LonWorks技术的特点················································································（7）
1.3.2 LonTalk协议····························································································（9）
1.3.3 神经元芯片······························································································（11）
1.3.4 LonWorks的互操作性·············································································（12）
第二章 现场总线控制系统方案的确定
2.1 监控级网络····································································································（13）
2.1.1 工程师站··································································································（13）
2.1.2 操作员站··································································································（13）
2.2 总线级网络····································································································（16）
2.3 现场级网络····································································································（16）
第三章 数据通信基础
3.1 数据通信概述·······························································································（17）
3.1.1 数据通信系统···························································································（17）
3.1.2 数据通信系统的质量指标········································································（17）
3.2 传输代码······································································································（18）
3.2.1 国际2号码····························································································（19）
3.2.2 国际5号码···························································································（19）
3.2.3 国标码与区位码····················································································（19）
3.3 传输介质·······································································································（20）
3.3.1 双绞线电缆···························································································（20）
3.3.2 同轴电缆······························································································（21）
3.3.3 光导纤维·······························································································（22）
3.3.4 无线传输介质························································································（24）
3.3.5 电力线···································································································（24）
3.3.6 传输介质的选择····················································································（24）
3.4 传输方式·······································································································（25）
3.4.1 基带传输·································································································（25）
3.4.2 数字信号频带传输·················································································（27）
3.4.3 模拟信号传输·························································································（27）
3.5 串行通信 ······································································································（27）
3.5.1 同步串行通信协议··················································································（28）
3.5.2 串行通信接口标准··················································································（29）
第四章 TCP/IP协议
4.1 TCP/IP的网络分层······················································································（33）
4.1.1 TCP/IP分层模型···················································································（33）
4.1.2 OSI参考模型与TCP/IP参考模型的比较···············································（34）
4.2 网际协议(IP) ····························································································（35）
4.2.1 IP协议··································································································（35）
4.2.2 IP编址··································································································（36）
4.2.3 IP子网··································································································（37）
4.2.4 IP路由···································································································（38）
4.3 传输层协议····································································································（39）
4.3.1 TCP协议··································································································（39）
4.3.2 UDP协议··································································································（40）
4.4 TCP/IP安全性································································································（41）
4.4.1 传输层的安全性····································v·················································（41）
4.4.2 应用层的安全性·······················································································（42）
第五章 典型通讯方法设计
5.1 监控级网络设计·····························································································（44）
5.1.1 WEB服务器······························································································（44）
5.1.2 操作员站·································································································（44）
5.1.3 网络接口································································································（45）
5.2 总线级网络设计·····························································································（46）
5.2.1 i.Lon 600 Internet service的介绍····················································（46）
5.2.2 EIA RS-232C接口标准························································v··················（50）
5.3 现场级网络设计·····························································································（54）
5.3.1 RS-485接口标准·····················································································（54）
5.3.2 RS-232/485转换器··················································································（59）
5.3.3 现场总线与PLC的连接············································································（63）
5.3.4 实现LonWorks与RS-485连接的适配器···················································(67)
结束语····················································································································（69）
参考文献··················································································································（70）
致谢························································································································（71）
附录: 系统总图 ····································································································（72）
附录：适配器硬件设计······························································································（73）
参考文献
1． 王锦标.现场总线控制系统.<<微计算机信息>>，1996（6）
2． 赵 海.现场总线控制系统与领域自动化.<<微计算机信息>>，1996（1）
3． 吴 誉,张卫东,许晓鸣.以太网与现场总线的互联方法.〈〈测控技术〉〉， 2000（1）
4． 李万周,鄂立福. 现场总线概论选自.〈〈微计算机信息〉〉，1996（6）
5． 刘曙光.现场总线技术的进展与展望.〈〈自动化与仪表〉〉，2000（3）
页数 79 字数 52298
摘 要：
现场总线（fieldbus）是用于过程自动化和制造自动化最底层的现场设备或现场仪表互联的通信网络，是现场通信网络与控制系统的集成。随着现场总线产品性价比的不断提高，人们正越来越多地采用现场总线对设备进行监控。本次设计通过对LonWorks的应用，使我们对现场总线有个大概的了解。
本次设计是设计一个三层的现场总线模块,其中把服务器、工程师站和操作员站作为第一层联接到以太网,现场总线的设计及总线的通信系统设计作为第二层,现场仪表及装置为第三层.主要完成的任务是:1、制作实现以太网和Lonworks现场总线相连的 100M/10M协议转换器;2、完成Lonworks现场总线与智能仪表相连所需要的RS485模块;3、实现Lonworks现场总线与PLC装置相互连接。
关键词：现场总线,串行通信,网络接口,RS-485
目 录
摘 要······················································································································(Ⅰ)
Abstract···················································································································(Ⅱ)
第一章 绪 论
1.1 现场总线概述···································································································（1）
1.1.1 现场总线的发展历史··················································································（1）
1.1.2 现场总线是新一代的自动化系统································································（2）
1.1.3 现场总线的技术特点··················································································（2）
1.1.4 现场总线的发展趋势·················································································（3）
1.2 CAN、Profibus、FF和Hart协议······································································（3）
1.2.1 CAN（控制器局域网络）·······································································（3）
1.2.2 PROFIBUS（过程现场总线）·································································（4）
1.2.3 FF（现场总线基金会）现场总线·····························································（5）
1.2.4 HART（可寻址远程传感器数据通路）协议·················································（6）
1.3 LON总线和Lonworks技术············································································（7）
1.3.1 LonWorks技术的特点················································································（7）
1.3.2 LonTalk协议····························································································（9）
1.3.3 神经元芯片······························································································（11）
1.3.4 LonWorks的互操作性·············································································（12）
第二章 现场总线控制系统方案的确定
2.1 监控级网络····································································································（13）
2.1.1 工程师站··································································································（13）
2.1.2 操作员站··································································································（13）
2.2 总线级网络····································································································（16）
2.3 现场级网络····································································································（16）
第三章 数据通信基础
3.1 数据通信概述·······························································································（17）
3.1.1 数据通信系统···························································································（17）
3.1.2 数据通信系统的质量指标········································································（17）
3.2 传输代码······································································································（18）
3.2.1 国际2号码····························································································（19）
3.2.2 国际5号码···························································································（19）
3.2.3 国标码与区位码····················································································（19）
3.3 传输介质·······································································································（20）
3.3.1 双绞线电缆···························································································（20）
3.3.2 同轴电缆······························································································（21）
3.3.3 光导纤维·······························································································（22）
3.3.4 无线传输介质························································································（24）
3.3.5 电力线···································································································（24）
3.3.6 传输介质的选择····················································································（24）
3.4 传输方式·······································································································（25）
3.4.1 基带传输·································································································（25）
3.4.2 数字信号频带传输·················································································（27）
3.4.3 模拟信号传输·························································································（27）
3.5 串行通信 ······································································································（27）
3.5.1 同步串行通信协议··················································································（28）
3.5.2 串行通信接口标准··················································································（29）
第四章 TCP/IP协议
4.1 TCP/IP的网络分层······················································································（33）
4.1.1 TCP/IP分层模型···················································································（33）
4.1.2 OSI参考模型与TCP/IP参考模型的比较···············································（34）
4.2 网际协议(IP) ····························································································（35）
4.2.1 IP协议··································································································（35）
4.2.2 IP编址··································································································（36）
4.2.3 IP子网··································································································（37）
4.2.4 IP路由···································································································（38）
4.3 传输层协议····································································································（39）
4.3.1 TCP协议··································································································（39）
4.3.2 UDP协议··································································································（40）
4.4 TCP/IP安全性································································································（41）
4.4.1 传输层的安全性····································v·················································（41）
4.4.2 应用层的安全性·······················································································（42）
第五章 典型通讯方法设计
5.1 监控级网络设计·····························································································（44）
5.1.1 WEB服务器······························································································（44）
5.1.2 操作员站·································································································（44）
5.1.3 网络接口································································································（45）
5.2 总线级网络设计·····························································································（46）
5.2.1 i.Lon 600 Internet service的介绍····················································（46）
5.2.2 EIA RS-232C接口标准························································v··················（50）
5.3 现场级网络设计·····························································································（54）
5.3.1 RS-485接口标准·····················································································（54）
5.3.2 RS-232/485转换器··················································································（59）
5.3.3 现场总线与PLC的连接············································································（63）
5.3.4 实现LonWorks与RS-485连接的适配器···················································(67)
结束语····················································································································（69）
参考文献··················································································································（70）
致谢························································································································（71）
附录: 系统总图 ····································································································（72）
附录：适配器硬件设计······························································································（73）
参考文献
1． 王锦标.现场总线控制系统.<<微计算机信息>>，1996（6）
2． 赵 海.现场总线控制系统与领域自动化.<<微计算机信息>>，1996（1）
3． 吴 誉,张卫东,许晓鸣.以太网与现场总线的互联方法.〈〈测控技术〉〉， 2000（1）
4． 李万周,鄂立福. 现场总线概论选自.〈〈微计算机信息〉〉，1996（6）
5． 刘曙光.现场总线技术的进展与展望.〈〈自动化与仪表〉〉，2000（3）
