论汉语四字成语的语用意义及其翻译.rar

摘要
汉语四字成语是人们在长期使用语言的过程中形成的固定的词组或短语，是劳动人民智慧的结晶，具有浓厚的民族色彩。它具有形式简练，含义精辟，表达生动的特点，涉及到历史地理、风土人情、文化背景等知识，是语言中最难掌握的部分。有的成语从字面上就可以理解其含义，而大部分成语则寓意隐晦，很难从字面上理解其真实含义，若望文生义地理解，翻译出来的东西就会给人以莫名其妙不知所云的感觉，由此本文将从语用意义的角度来阐述汉语四字成语的翻译，为汉语成语的翻译更为准确性而提供有益的参考。

关键词：语用意义;汉语四字成语;跨文化交际


Abstract
Chinese four-character idioms, the stereotyped expressions, are derived from the people through long-term use of language, crystallized from the working people and branded with strong national color. Not only does the idiom feature itself with succinct form, penetrating meaning and vivid description, but also it involves the aspects of history, geography, culture background, local conditions and social customs etc., so it is the most difficult part of Chinese language for us to master. Although some of them can be literally understood, hardly do the majorities be got acquainted with merely from the words whose implications are vague. It must make the readers confused to translate them from the literal meaning of the context, hence the purpose of this article is to elaborate the translation of Chinese four-character idioms in the light of the pragmatic meaning, and to bring idioms translation forward to a new step.

Keywords: pragmatic meaning; Chinese four-character idioms; cross-cultural communication


Contents

Introduction ………………………………………………………… ……………………1
1.General Concept of Chinese Idioms …… …… …………………………… …………… 2
1.1 The Definition of Chinese Four-character Idioms…………………… …………………2
1.2 Origins……… ……………………………………………………… ………………… 3
1.2.1 From Myths and Legends ……… …………………………… ………………………3
1.2.2 From Historical Events …………… ……………………… …………………………3
1.2.3 From the Literature and Fables ………… …………… ………………………………3
1.2.4 From Customs and Life Term…………………………………………………………3
1.2.5 From Colors …………………… ……………………………………………… …… 4
1.2.6 From Numerals ………………………… ……………… ……………………………4
1.2.7 From Characteristics of Animals ………………… ……………… ………………… 4
1.2.8 From Religions and Beliefs …………… ………………… ………………………… 5
2. Pragmatics and Translation……………… ……………………………………………… 5
2.1 Foreign Pragmatic-oriented Translation Theories…………… …………………………5
2.2 Chinese Pragmatic-oriented Translation Theories………………… ……………………6
2.3 Detailed Analysis of Pragmatic-oriented Translation ……… …………… …………… 6
2.3.1 Deixis ………………………… ………………………………………………………7
2.3.2 Cooperative Principle…………… ……………………………………………………8
2.3.3 Speech Act Theory………………… …………………………………………………9
2.3.4 Politeness Principle …………………………………………… ……………… …… 9
3. Translation of Chinese Four-character Idioms …………… ………… ……… ………… 10
3.1 The Meaning of Chinese Four-character Idioms ………… …… …………… ……… 10
3.2 The Regularities of Translation of Chinese Four-character Idioms… … ………… ……11
4. Expatiation of the Translation Methods……………… ………………… …… …………12
4.1 Literal Translation…………………………………… ……………………… …………12
4.2 Free Translation …………………………………… ………… ……………… ……… 14
4.3 The Combination of Literal and Free Translation …… … ……… ……………… …… 15
4.4 Translation by Quotation of English Idioms …………… …… ……… …… ………… 17
Conclusion…………………………………………… …………………………… … ……19
Bibliography…………………………………………………… ……………… ……… … 20
Acknowledgements ……………… …………………………… ……………… …… …… 21