绿色贸易壁垒对青岛市农产品出口影响及对策分析.doc

青岛市农产品出口绿色贸易壁垒问题探析

Analysis of green trade barriers toward Qingdao agricultural exports problem 

摘 要

近年来，随着关税壁垒的日益减少，西方发达国家广泛使用绿色贸易壁垒对农产品的出口起到了一个限制作用，并且越来越严重。他们利用绿色贸易壁垒其名义上的合理性、形式上的合法性、手段上的隐蔽性等特点作为保护本国利益的重要手段，其实他们无外乎是想利用贸易保护主义策略来达到限制进口的目的。 

自从中国加入世贸组织以来，得到了很多机遇但同时也面临着许多挑战。对农产品出口来说，中国面临更多的则是挑战。最大的挑战就是绿色贸易壁垒给农产品出口带来的猛烈冲击。由于中国的农产品质量不足，发达国家利用这点，制订针对性较强的技术壁垒来限制中国农产品出口。许多发达国家在国际贸易中设立绿色壁垒，使得发展中国家长期处于初级产品和自然资源的提供者地位，而且使得发展中国家的出口市场缩小，成为污染转移的场所。但是为了全球的持续发展，在必须国际贸易中引入法律来约束、惩治污染和破坏环境的现象。绿色贸易壁垒的存在，反应了国际环境斗争的复杂性，也就是发达国家与发展中国家在经济发展的过程中产生的责任和利益分配问题。本文通过对绿色贸易壁垒和青岛外贸发展的综合分析与阐释，论证绿色贸易壁垒对青岛出口贸易的影响。通过积极应对绿色贸易壁垒，促进青岛出口贸易的健康发展，是本文的研究意义之所在。 

关键词：绿色贸易壁垒；农产品出口贸易；世界贸易组织；

Abstract

In recent years, with the tariff barrier is increasingly reduced, the western developed countries the extensive use of green trade barriers on exports of agricultural products play a limited role, and more and more serious.They make use of green trade barriers to its nominal rationality, legitimacy in form, the means by which concealment as the important means to protect national interests, they all want to use trade protectionism policy for the purpose of restricting import.   

Since China joined the WTO, to get a lot of opportunities but also faces many challenges.On the export of agricultural products, China is faced with more it is a challenge.The biggest challenge is the green trade barrier to the export of agricultural products to bring severe impact.Because of China's agricultural product quality is insufficient, the developed countries use this, make better direction of technical barriers to limit China's agricultural product export. Many developed countries in international trade in establishing the green barriers, makes the developing countries are in a long time primary products and natural resource providers position, and make developing countries export market narrowed, become pollution of the transfer of the place. But in order to global sustainable development, international trade in the introduction of the law must be to restrain, punishing pollution and damage to the environment phenomenon. The existence of the green trade barriers, the response of the international environment of the complexity of the struggle, also is the developed countries and the developing countries in the course of economic development and distribution of interests from the responsibility. This article through to the green trade barriers and Qingdao foreign trade development, the comprehensive analysis and interpretation, demonstrate, green trade barriers on the influence of Qingdao export trade. Through to actively respond to the green barriers to trade, and to promote the healthy development of Qingdao export trade, is the meaning of the.

Keywords: The green trade barriers; Farm product export trade; The world trade  organization; 

一、绿色贸易壁垒的概述 1

（一）绿色贸易壁垒的理念 1

（二）绿色贸易壁垒的特点和表现形式 1

二、绿色贸易壁垒对我国进出口贸易的影响 2

（一）对产品出口市场范围的影响 2

（二）对产品出口增长速度的影响 2

三、青岛农产品出口遭遇绿色贸易壁垒现状介绍 3

四、青岛农产品出口遭遇绿色贸易壁垒原因分析 4

（一）外部因素 4

（二）内部因素 5

五、绿色贸易壁垒对青岛农产品出口的“双刃”效应 6

（一）绿色贸易壁垒对青岛农产品出口的有利影响 6

（二）绿色贸易壁垒对青岛农产品出口的负面影响 7

六、青岛应对农产品出口中的绿色贸易壁垒的对策 8

（一）政府层面对绿色贸易壁垒的对策 8

（二）企业层面对绿色贸易壁垒的对策 9

（三）公众层面对绿色贸易壁垒的对策 10

致  谢 12

参考文献 13